chore: Replace `poetry` with `uv` #1914

Job	Run time
Check for changes in Python files	4s
Build HUGR binary	34s
Check serialization schema	8s
check python 3.10	14s
check python 3.12	13s
test python 3.10	9s
test python 3.12	14s
Required checks 🐍	1s
	1m 37s

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