value.cpp

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

// included header files
#include "value.hpp"

#include "convert.hpp"
#include "enforce.hpp"
#include "error.hpp"
#include "types.hpp"

#include "image_int.hpp"

// + standard includes
#include <sstream>

// *****************************************************************************
// class member definitions
namespace Exiv2 {
Value::Value(TypeId typeId) : type_(typeId) {
}

Value::UniquePtr Value::create(TypeId typeId) {
  switch (typeId) {
    case invalidTypeId:
    case signedByte:
    case unsignedByte:
      return std::make_unique<DataValue>(typeId);
    case asciiString:
      return std::make_unique<AsciiValue>();
    case unsignedShort:
      return std::make_unique<ValueType<uint16_t>>();
    case unsignedLong:
    case tiffIfd:
      return std::make_unique<ValueType<uint32_t>>(typeId);
    case unsignedRational:
      return std::make_unique<ValueType<URational>>();
    case undefined:
      return std::make_unique<DataValue>();
    case signedShort:
      return std::make_unique<ValueType<int16_t>>();
    case signedLong:
      return std::make_unique<ValueType<int32_t>>();
    case signedRational:
      return std::make_unique<ValueType<Rational>>();
    case tiffFloat:
      return std::make_unique<ValueType<float>>();
    case tiffDouble:
      return std::make_unique<ValueType<double>>();
    case string:
      return std::make_unique<StringValue>();
    case date:
      return std::make_unique<DateValue>();
    case time:
      return std::make_unique<TimeValue>();
    case comment:
      return std::make_unique<CommentValue>();
    case xmpText:
      return std::make_unique<XmpTextValue>();
    case xmpBag:
    case xmpSeq:
    case xmpAlt:
      return std::make_unique<XmpArrayValue>(typeId);
    case langAlt:
      return std::make_unique<LangAltValue>();
    default:
      return std::make_unique<DataValue>(typeId);
  }
}  // Value::create

int Value::setDataArea(const byte* /*buf*/, size_t /*len*/) {
  return -1;
}

std::string Value::toString() const {
  std::ostringstream os;
  write(os);
  ok_ = !os.fail();
  return os.str();
}

std::string Value::toString(size_t /*n*/) const {
  return toString();
}

size_t Value::sizeDataArea() const {
  return 0;
}

DataBuf Value::dataArea() const {
  return {nullptr, 0};
}

DataValue::DataValue(TypeId typeId) : Value(typeId) {
}

DataValue::DataValue(const byte* buf, size_t len, ByteOrder byteOrder, TypeId typeId) : Value(typeId) {
  read(buf, len, byteOrder);
}

size_t DataValue::count() const {
  return size();
}

int DataValue::read(const byte* buf, size_t len, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) {
  // byteOrder not needed
  value_.assign(buf, buf + len);
  return 0;
}

int DataValue::read(const std::string& buf) {
  std::istringstream is(buf);
  int tmp = 0;
  ValueType val;
  while (!(is.eof())) {
    is >> tmp;
    if (is.fail())
      return 1;
    val.push_back(static_cast<byte>(tmp));
  }
  value_.swap(val);
  return 0;
}

size_t DataValue::copy(byte* buf, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) const {
  // byteOrder not needed
  return std::copy(value_.begin(), value_.end(), buf) - buf;
}

size_t DataValue::size() const {
  return value_.size();
}

DataValue* DataValue::clone_() const {
  return new DataValue(*this);
}

std::ostream& DataValue::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  size_t end = value_.size();
  for (size_t i = 0; i != end; ++i) {
    os << static_cast<int>(value_.at(i));
    if (i < end - 1)
      os << " ";
  }
  return os;
}

std::string DataValue::toString(size_t n) const {
  std::ostringstream os;
  os << static_cast<int>(value_.at(n));
  ok_ = !os.fail();
  return os.str();
}

int64_t DataValue::toInt64(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return value_.at(n);
}

uint32_t DataValue::toUint32(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return value_.at(n);
}

float DataValue::toFloat(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return value_.at(n);
}

Rational DataValue::toRational(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return {value_.at(n), 1};
}

StringValueBase::StringValueBase(TypeId typeId, const std::string& buf) : Value(typeId) {
  read(buf);
}

int StringValueBase::read(const std::string& buf) {
  value_ = buf;
  return 0;
}

int StringValueBase::read(const byte* buf, size_t len, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) {
  // byteOrder not needed
  if (buf)
    value_ = std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buf), len);
  return 0;
}

size_t StringValueBase::copy(byte* buf, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) const {
  if (value_.empty())
    return 0;
  // byteOrder not needed
  return value_.copy(reinterpret_cast<char*>(buf), value_.size());
}

size_t StringValueBase::count() const {
  return size();
}

size_t StringValueBase::size() const {
  return value_.size();
}

std::ostream& StringValueBase::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  return os << value_;
}

int64_t StringValueBase::toInt64(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return value_.at(n);
}

uint32_t StringValueBase::toUint32(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return value_.at(n);
}

float StringValueBase::toFloat(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return value_.at(n);
}

Rational StringValueBase::toRational(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return {value_.at(n), 1};
}

StringValue::StringValue() : StringValueBase(string) {
}

StringValue::StringValue(const std::string& buf) : StringValueBase(string, buf) {
}

StringValue* StringValue::clone_() const {
  return new StringValue(*this);
}

AsciiValue::AsciiValue() : StringValueBase(asciiString) {
}

AsciiValue::AsciiValue(const std::string& buf) : StringValueBase(asciiString, buf) {
}

int AsciiValue::read(const std::string& buf) {
  value_ = buf;
  // ensure count>0 and nul terminated # https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2/issues/1484
  if (value_.empty() || value_.back() != '\0') {
    value_ += '\0';
  }
  return 0;
}

AsciiValue* AsciiValue::clone_() const {
  return new AsciiValue(*this);
}

std::ostream& AsciiValue::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  // Write only up to the first '\0' (if any)
  std::string::size_type pos = value_.find_first_of('\0');
  if (pos == std::string::npos)
    pos = value_.size();
  return os << value_.substr(0, pos);
}

//! Lookup list of supported IFD type information
constexpr CommentValue::CharsetTable CommentValue::CharsetInfo::charsetTable_[] = {
    {ascii, "Ascii", "ASCII\0\0\0"},
    {jis, "Jis", "JIS\0\0\0\0\0"},
    {unicode, "Unicode", "UNICODE\0"},
    {undefined, "Undefined", "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"},
    {invalidCharsetId, "InvalidCharsetId", "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"},
    {lastCharsetId, "InvalidCharsetId", "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"},
};

const char* CommentValue::CharsetInfo::name(CharsetId charsetId) {
  return charsetTable_[charsetId < lastCharsetId ? charsetId : undefined].name_;
}

const char* CommentValue::CharsetInfo::code(CharsetId charsetId) {
  return charsetTable_[charsetId < lastCharsetId ? charsetId : undefined].code_;
}

CommentValue::CharsetId CommentValue::CharsetInfo::charsetIdByName(const std::string& name) {
  int i = 0;
  for (; charsetTable_[i].charsetId_ != lastCharsetId && charsetTable_[i].name_ != name; ++i) {
  }
  return charsetTable_[i].charsetId_ == lastCharsetId ? invalidCharsetId : charsetTable_[i].charsetId_;
}

CommentValue::CharsetId CommentValue::CharsetInfo::charsetIdByCode(const std::string& code) {
  int i = 0;
  for (; charsetTable_[i].charsetId_ != lastCharsetId && std::string(charsetTable_[i].code_, 8) != code; ++i) {
  }
  return charsetTable_[i].charsetId_ == lastCharsetId ? invalidCharsetId : charsetTable_[i].charsetId_;
}

CommentValue::CommentValue() : StringValueBase(Exiv2::undefined) {
}

CommentValue::CommentValue(const std::string& comment) : StringValueBase(Exiv2::undefined) {
  read(comment);
}

int CommentValue::read(const std::string& comment) {
  std::string c = comment;
  CharsetId charsetId = undefined;
  if (comment.starts_with("charset=")) {
    const std::string::size_type pos = comment.find_first_of(' ');
    std::string name = comment.substr(8, pos - 8);
    // Strip quotes (so you can also specify the charset without quotes)
    if (!name.empty() && name.front() == '"')
      name = name.substr(1);
    if (!name.empty() && name.back() == '"')
      name.pop_back();
    charsetId = CharsetInfo::charsetIdByName(name);
    if (charsetId == invalidCharsetId) {
#ifndef SUPPRESS_WARNINGS
      EXV_WARNING << Error(ErrorCode::kerInvalidCharset, name) << "\n";
#endif
      return 1;
    }
    c.clear();
    if (pos != std::string::npos)
      c = comment.substr(pos + 1);
  }
  if (charsetId == unicode) {
    const char* to = byteOrder_ == littleEndian ? "UCS-2LE" : "UCS-2BE";
    convertStringCharset(c, "UTF-8", to);
  }
  const std::string code(CharsetInfo::code(charsetId), 8);
  return StringValueBase::read(code + c);
}

int CommentValue::read(const byte* buf, size_t len, ByteOrder byteOrder) {
  byteOrder_ = byteOrder;
  return StringValueBase::read(buf, len, byteOrder);
}

size_t CommentValue::copy(byte* buf, ByteOrder byteOrder) const {
  std::string c = value_;
  if (charsetId() == unicode) {
    c = value_.substr(8);
    [[maybe_unused]] const size_t sz = c.size();
    if (byteOrder_ == littleEndian && byteOrder == bigEndian) {
      convertStringCharset(c, "UCS-2LE", "UCS-2BE");
    } else if (byteOrder_ == bigEndian && byteOrder == littleEndian) {
      convertStringCharset(c, "UCS-2BE", "UCS-2LE");
    }
    c = value_.substr(0, 8) + c;
  }
  if (c.empty())
    return 0;
  return c.copy(reinterpret_cast<char*>(buf), c.size());
}

std::ostream& CommentValue::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  CharsetId csId = charsetId();
  std::string text = comment();
  if (csId != undefined) {
    os << "charset=" << CharsetInfo::name(csId) << " ";
  }
  return os << text;
}

std::string CommentValue::comment(const char* encoding) const {
  std::string c;
  if (value_.length() < 8) {
    return c;
  }
  c = value_.substr(8);
  if (charsetId() == unicode) {
    const char* from = !encoding || *encoding == '\0' ? detectCharset(c) : encoding;
    if (!convertStringCharset(c, from, "UTF-8"))
      throw Error(ErrorCode::kerInvalidIconvEncoding, from, "UTF-8");
  }

  // # 1266 Remove trailing nulls
  if (charsetId() == undefined || charsetId() == ascii) {
    auto n = c.find('\0');
    if (n != std::string::npos)
      c.resize(n);
  }
  return c;
}

CommentValue::CharsetId CommentValue::charsetId() const {
  CharsetId charsetId = undefined;
  if (value_.length() >= 8) {
    const std::string code = value_.substr(0, 8);
    charsetId = CharsetInfo::charsetIdByCode(code);
  }
  return charsetId;
}

const char* CommentValue::detectCharset(std::string& c) const {
  // Interpret a BOM if there is one
  if (0 == strncmp(c.data(), "\xef\xbb\xbf", 3)) {
    c = c.substr(3);
    return "UTF-8";
  }
  if (0 == strncmp(c.data(), "\xff\xfe", 2)) {
    c = c.substr(2);
    return "UCS-2LE";
  }
  if (0 == strncmp(c.data(), "\xfe\xff", 2)) {
    c = c.substr(2);
    return "UCS-2BE";
  }

  // Todo: Add logic to guess if the comment is encoded in UTF-8

  return byteOrder_ == littleEndian ? "UCS-2LE" : "UCS-2BE";
}

CommentValue* CommentValue::clone_() const {
  return new CommentValue(*this);
}

void XmpValue::setXmpArrayType(XmpArrayType xmpArrayType) {
  xmpArrayType_ = xmpArrayType;
}

void XmpValue::setXmpStruct(XmpStruct xmpStruct) {
  xmpStruct_ = xmpStruct;
}

XmpValue::XmpArrayType XmpValue::xmpArrayType() const {
  return xmpArrayType_;
}

XmpValue::XmpArrayType XmpValue::xmpArrayType(TypeId typeId) {
  XmpArrayType xa = xaNone;
  switch (typeId) {
    case xmpAlt:
      xa = xaAlt;
      break;
    case xmpBag:
      xa = xaBag;
      break;
    case xmpSeq:
      xa = xaSeq;
      break;
    default:
      break;
  }
  return xa;
}

XmpValue::XmpStruct XmpValue::xmpStruct() const {
  return xmpStruct_;
}

size_t XmpValue::copy(byte* buf, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) const {
  std::ostringstream os;
  write(os);
  std::string s = os.str();
  if (!s.empty())
    std::copy_n(s.data(), s.size(), buf);
  return s.size();
}

int XmpValue::read(const byte* buf, size_t len, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) {
  std::string s(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buf), len);
  return read(s);
}

size_t XmpValue::size() const {
  std::ostringstream os;
  write(os);
  return os.str().size();
}

XmpTextValue::XmpTextValue() : XmpValue(xmpText) {
}

XmpTextValue::XmpTextValue(const std::string& buf) : XmpValue(xmpText) {
  read(buf);
}

int XmpTextValue::read(const std::string& buf) {
  // support a type=Alt,Bag,Seq,Struct indicator
  std::string b = buf;
  std::string type;
  if (buf.starts_with("type=")) {
    std::string::size_type pos = buf.find_first_of(' ');
    type = buf.substr(5, pos - 5);
    // Strip quotes (so you can also specify the type without quotes)
    if (!type.empty() && type.front() == '"')
      type = type.substr(1);
    if (!type.empty() && type.back() == '"')
      type.pop_back();
    b.clear();
    if (pos != std::string::npos)
      b = buf.substr(pos + 1);
  }
  if (!type.empty()) {
    if (type == "Alt") {
      setXmpArrayType(XmpValue::xaAlt);
    } else if (type == "Bag") {
      setXmpArrayType(XmpValue::xaBag);
    } else if (type == "Seq") {
      setXmpArrayType(XmpValue::xaSeq);
    } else if (type == "Struct") {
      setXmpStruct();
    } else {
      throw Error(ErrorCode::kerInvalidXmpText, type);
    }
  }
  value_ = b;
  return 0;
}

XmpTextValue::UniquePtr XmpTextValue::clone() const {
  return UniquePtr(clone_());
}

size_t XmpTextValue::size() const {
  return value_.size();
}

size_t XmpTextValue::count() const {
  return size();
}

std::ostream& XmpTextValue::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  bool del = false;
  if (xmpArrayType() != XmpValue::xaNone) {
    switch (xmpArrayType()) {
      case XmpValue::xaAlt:
        os << "type=\"Alt\"";
        break;
      case XmpValue::xaBag:
        os << "type=\"Bag\"";
        break;
      case XmpValue::xaSeq:
        os << "type=\"Seq\"";
        break;
      case XmpValue::xaNone:
        break;  // just to suppress the warning
    }
    del = true;
  } else if (xmpStruct() != XmpValue::xsNone) {
    switch (xmpStruct()) {
      case XmpValue::xsStruct:
        os << "type=\"Struct\"";
        break;
      case XmpValue::xsNone:
        break;  // just to suppress the warning
    }
    del = true;
  }
  if (del && !value_.empty())
    os << " ";
  return os << value_;
}

int64_t XmpTextValue::toInt64(size_t /*n*/) const {
  return parseInt64(value_, ok_);
}

uint32_t XmpTextValue::toUint32(size_t /*n*/) const {
  return parseUint32(value_, ok_);
}

float XmpTextValue::toFloat(size_t /*n*/) const {
  return parseFloat(value_, ok_);
}

Rational XmpTextValue::toRational(size_t /*n*/) const {
  return parseRational(value_, ok_);
}

XmpTextValue* XmpTextValue::clone_() const {
  return new XmpTextValue(*this);
}

XmpArrayValue::XmpArrayValue(TypeId typeId) : XmpValue(typeId) {
  setXmpArrayType(xmpArrayType(typeId));
}

int XmpArrayValue::read(const std::string& buf) {
  if (!buf.empty())
    value_.push_back(buf);
  return 0;
}

XmpArrayValue::UniquePtr XmpArrayValue::clone() const {
  return UniquePtr(clone_());
}

size_t XmpArrayValue::count() const {
  return value_.size();
}

std::ostream& XmpArrayValue::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  if (!value_.empty()) {
    std::copy(value_.begin(), value_.end() - 1, std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(os, ", "));
    os << value_.back();
  }
  return os;
}

std::string XmpArrayValue::toString(size_t n) const {
  ok_ = true;
  return value_.at(n);
}

int64_t XmpArrayValue::toInt64(size_t n) const {
  return parseInt64(value_.at(n), ok_);
}

uint32_t XmpArrayValue::toUint32(size_t n) const {
  return parseUint32(value_.at(n), ok_);
}

float XmpArrayValue::toFloat(size_t n) const {
  return parseFloat(value_.at(n), ok_);
}

Rational XmpArrayValue::toRational(size_t n) const {
  return parseRational(value_.at(n), ok_);
}

XmpArrayValue* XmpArrayValue::clone_() const {
  return new XmpArrayValue(*this);
}

LangAltValue::LangAltValue() : XmpValue(langAlt) {
}

LangAltValue::LangAltValue(const std::string& buf) : XmpValue(langAlt) {
  read(buf);
}

int LangAltValue::read(const std::string& buf) {
  std::string b = buf;
  std::string lang = "x-default";
  if (buf.starts_with("lang=")) {
    static constexpr auto ALPHA = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";

    const std::string::size_type pos = buf.find_first_of(' ');
    if (pos == std::string::npos) {
      lang = buf.substr(5);
    } else {
      lang = buf.substr(5, pos - 5);
    }
    if (lang.empty())
      throw Error(ErrorCode::kerInvalidLangAltValue, buf);
    // Strip quotes (so you can also specify the language without quotes)
    if (lang.front() == '"') {
      lang = lang.substr(1);

      if (lang.empty() || lang.back() != '"')
        throw Error(ErrorCode::kerInvalidLangAltValue, buf);

      lang.pop_back();
    }

    if (lang.empty())
      throw Error(ErrorCode::kerInvalidLangAltValue, buf);

    // Check language is in the correct format (see https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt)
    if (auto charPos = lang.find_first_not_of(ALPHA); charPos != std::string::npos) {
      static constexpr auto ALPHA_NUM = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
      if (lang.at(charPos) != '-' || lang.find_first_not_of(ALPHA_NUM, charPos + 1) != std::string::npos)
        throw Error(ErrorCode::kerInvalidLangAltValue, buf);
    }

    b.clear();
    if (pos != std::string::npos)
      b = buf.substr(pos + 1);
  }

  value_[lang] = b;
  return 0;
}

LangAltValue::UniquePtr LangAltValue::clone() const {
  return UniquePtr(clone_());
}

size_t LangAltValue::count() const {
  return value_.size();
}

std::ostream& LangAltValue::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  bool first = true;

  // Write the default entry first
  if (auto i = value_.find("x-default"); i != value_.end()) {
    os << "lang=\"" << i->first << "\" " << i->second;
    first = false;
  }

  // Write the others
  for (const auto& [lang, s] : value_) {
    if (lang != "x-default") {
      if (!first)
        os << ", ";
      os << "lang=\"" << lang << "\" " << s;
      first = false;
    }
  }
  return os;
}

std::string LangAltValue::toString(size_t /*n*/) const {
  return toString("x-default");
}

std::string LangAltValue::toString(const std::string& qualifier) const {
  if (auto i = value_.find(qualifier); i != value_.end()) {
    ok_ = true;
    return i->second;
  }
  ok_ = false;
  return "";
}

int64_t LangAltValue::toInt64(size_t /*n*/) const {
  ok_ = false;
  return 0;
}

uint32_t LangAltValue::toUint32(size_t /*n*/) const {
  ok_ = false;
  return 0;
}

float LangAltValue::toFloat(size_t /*n*/) const {
  ok_ = false;
  return 0.0F;
}

Rational LangAltValue::toRational(size_t /*n*/) const {
  ok_ = false;
  return {0, 0};
}

LangAltValue* LangAltValue::clone_() const {
  return new LangAltValue(*this);
}

DateValue::DateValue() : Value(date) {
  date_ = {};
}

DateValue::DateValue(int32_t year, int32_t month, int32_t day) : Value(date) {
  date_ = {year, month, day};
}

int DateValue::read(const byte* buf, size_t len, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) {
  const std::string str(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buf), len);
  return read(str);
}

int DateValue::read(const std::string& buf) {
  // ISO 8601 date formats:
  // https://web.archive.org/web/20171020084445/https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/ISO_DIS%208601-1.pdf
  size_t monthPos = 0;
  size_t dayPos = 0;

  auto printWarning = [] {
#ifndef SUPPRESS_WARNINGS
    EXV_WARNING << Error(ErrorCode::kerUnsupportedDateFormat) << "\n";
#endif
  };

  if (buf.size() < 8) {
    printWarning();
    return 1;
  }

  if ((buf.size() >= 10 && buf[4] == '-' && buf[7] == '-') || (buf.size() == 8)) {
    if (buf.size() >= 10) {
      monthPos = 5;
      dayPos = 8;
    } else {
      monthPos = 4;
      dayPos = 6;
    }

    auto checkDigits = [&buf, &printWarning](size_t start, size_t count, int32_t& dest) {
      for (size_t i = start; i < start + count; ++i) {
        if (!std::isdigit(buf[i])) {
          printWarning();
          return 1;
        }
      }
      dest = std::stoul(buf.substr(start, count));
      return 0;
    };

    if (checkDigits(0, 4, date_.year) || checkDigits(monthPos, 2, date_.month) || checkDigits(dayPos, 2, date_.day)) {
      printWarning();
      return 1;
    }

    if (date_.month > 12 || date_.day > 31) {
      date_.month = 0;
      date_.day = 0;
      printWarning();
      return 1;
    }
    return 0;
  }
  printWarning();
  return 1;
}

void DateValue::setDate(const Date& src) {
  date_ = src;
}

size_t DateValue::copy(byte* buf, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) const {
  // \note Here the date is copied in the Basic format YYYYMMDD, as the IPTC key	Iptc.Application2.DateCreated
  // wants it. Check https://exiv2.org/iptc.html

  auto out = reinterpret_cast<char*>(buf);
  auto it = stringFormatTo(out, "{:04}{:02}{:02}", date_.year, date_.month, date_.day);

  return it - out;
}

const DateValue::Date& DateValue::getDate() const {
  return date_;
}

size_t DateValue::count() const {
  return size();
}

size_t DateValue::size() const {
  return 8;
}

DateValue* DateValue::clone_() const {
  return new DateValue(*this);
}

std::ostream& DateValue::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  // Write DateValue in ISO 8601 Extended format: YYYY-MM-DD
  std::ios::fmtflags f(os.flags());
  os << stringFormat("{:04}-{:02}-{:02}", date_.year, date_.month, date_.day);
  os.flags(f);
  return os;
}

int64_t DateValue::toInt64(size_t /*n*/) const {
  // Range of tm struct is limited to about 1970 to 2038
  // This will return -1 if outside that range
  std::tm tms = {};
  tms.tm_mday = date_.day;
  tms.tm_mon = date_.month - 1;
  tms.tm_year = date_.year - 1900;
  auto l = static_cast<int64_t>(std::mktime(&tms));
  ok_ = (l != -1);
  return l;
}

uint32_t DateValue::toUint32(size_t /*n*/) const {
  const int64_t t = toInt64();
  if (t < 0 || t > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
    ok_ = false;
    return 0;
  }
  return static_cast<uint32_t>(t);
}

float DateValue::toFloat(size_t n) const {
  return static_cast<float>(toInt64(n));
}

Rational DateValue::toRational(size_t n) const {
  const int64_t t = toInt64(n);
  if (t < std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min() || t > std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max()) {
    ok_ = false;
    return {0, 1};
  }
  return {static_cast<int32_t>(t), 1};
}

TimeValue::TimeValue() : Value(time) {
  time_ = {};
}

TimeValue::TimeValue(int32_t hour, int32_t minute, int32_t second, int32_t tzHour, int32_t tzMinute) : Value(date) {
  time_ = {hour, minute, second, tzHour, tzMinute};
}

int TimeValue::read(const byte* buf, size_t len, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) {
  const std::string str(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buf), len);
  return read(str);
}

int TimeValue::read(const std::string& buf) {
  // ISO 8601 time formats:
  // https://web.archive.org/web/20171020084445/https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/ISO_DIS%208601-1.pdf
  // Not supported formats:
  // 4.2.2.4 Representations with decimal fraction: 232050,5
  auto printWarning = [] {
#ifndef SUPPRESS_WARNINGS
    EXV_WARNING << Error(ErrorCode::kerUnsupportedTimeFormat) << "\n";
#endif
    return 1;
  };

  if (buf.size() < 2)
    return printWarning();

  for (auto c : buf)
    if (c != ':' && c != '+' && c != '-' && c != 'Z' && !std::isdigit(c))
      return printWarning();

  size_t mpos;
  size_t spos;
  if (buf.find(':') != std::string::npos) {
    mpos = 3;
    spos = 6;
  } else {
    mpos = 2;
    spos = 4;
  }

  auto hi = std::stoi(buf.substr(0, 2));
  if (hi > 23)
    return printWarning();
  time_.hour = hi;
  if (buf.size() > 3) {
    auto mi = std::stoi(buf.substr(mpos, 2));
    if (mi > 59)
      return printWarning();
    time_.minute = std::stoi(buf.substr(mpos, 2));
  } else {
    time_.minute = 0;
  }
  if (buf.size() > 5) {
    auto si = std::stoi(buf.substr(spos, 2));
    if (si > 60)
      return printWarning();
    time_.second = std::stoi(buf.substr(spos, 2));
  } else {
    time_.second = 0;
  }

  auto fpos = buf.find('+');
  if (fpos == std::string::npos)
    fpos = buf.find('-');

  if (fpos != std::string::npos) {
    auto format = buf.substr(fpos, buf.size());
    auto posColon = format.find(':');
    if (posColon == std::string::npos) {
      // Extended format
      auto tzhi = std::stoi(format.substr(0, 3));
      if (tzhi > 23)
        return printWarning();
      time_.tzHour = tzhi;
      if (format.size() > 3) {
        int minute = std::stoi(format.substr(3));
        if (minute > 59)
          return printWarning();
        time_.tzMinute = time_.tzHour < 0 ? -minute : minute;
      }
    } else {
      // Basic format
      auto tzhi = std::stoi(format.substr(0, posColon));
      if (tzhi > 23)
        return printWarning();
      time_.tzHour = tzhi;
      int minute = std::stoi(format.substr(posColon + 1));
      if (minute > 59)
        return printWarning();
      time_.tzMinute = time_.tzHour < 0 ? -minute : minute;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

/// \todo not used internally. At least we should test it
void TimeValue::setTime(const Time& src) {
  time_ = src;
}

size_t TimeValue::copy(byte* buf, ByteOrder /*byteOrder*/) const {
  // NOTE: Here the time is copied in the Basic format HHMMSS:HHMM, as the IPTC key
  // Iptc.Application2.TimeCreated wants it. Check https://exiv2.org/iptc.html
  char plusMinus = '+';
  if (time_.tzHour < 0 || time_.tzMinute < 0)
    plusMinus = '-';

  auto out = reinterpret_cast<char*>(buf);
  auto it = stringFormatTo(out, "{:02}{:02}{:02}{}{:02}{:02}", time_.hour, time_.minute, time_.second, plusMinus,
                           std::abs(time_.tzHour), std::abs(time_.tzMinute));

  auto wrote = static_cast<size_t>(it - out);
  Internal::enforce(wrote == 11, Exiv2::ErrorCode::kerUnsupportedTimeFormat);
  return wrote;
}

const TimeValue::Time& TimeValue::getTime() const {
  return time_;
}

size_t TimeValue::count() const {
  return size();
}

size_t TimeValue::size() const {
  return 11;
}

TimeValue* TimeValue::clone_() const {
  return new TimeValue(*this);
}

std::ostream& TimeValue::write(std::ostream& os) const {
  // Write TimeValue in ISO 8601 Extended format: hh:mm:ss±hh:mm
  char plusMinus = '+';
  if (time_.tzHour < 0 || time_.tzMinute < 0)
    plusMinus = '-';

  std::ios::fmtflags f(os.flags());
  os << stringFormat("{:02}:{:02}:{:02}{}{:02}:{:02}", time_.hour, time_.minute, time_.second, plusMinus,
                     std::abs(time_.tzHour), std::abs(time_.tzMinute));
  os.flags(f);

  return os;
}

int64_t TimeValue::toInt64(size_t /*n*/) const {
  // Returns number of seconds in the day in UTC.
  auto result = static_cast<int64_t>(time_.hour - time_.tzHour) * 60 * 60;
  result += static_cast<int64_t>(time_.minute - time_.tzMinute) * 60;
  result += time_.second;
  if (result < 0) {
    result += 86400;
  }
  ok_ = true;
  return result;
}

uint32_t TimeValue::toUint32(size_t /*n*/) const {
  return std::clamp<int64_t>(toInt64(), 0, std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
}

float TimeValue::toFloat(size_t n) const {
  return static_cast<float>(toInt64(n));
}

Rational TimeValue::toRational(size_t n) const {
  return {static_cast<int32_t>(toInt64(n)), 1};
}

}  // namespace Exiv2