aws.txt

AWS Elastic Beanstalk
    [PaaS]

    An orchestration service offered by AWS
    for deploying applications which
    orchestrates various AWS services,
    including EC2, S3, Simple Notification
    Service, CloudWatch, autoscaling, and
    Elastic Load Balancers.

    With AWS Elastic Beanstalk, you can
    quickly deploy and manage applications in
    the AWS Cloud without worrying about the
    infrastructure that runs those
    applications.
    
    AWS Elastic Beanstalk reduces management
    complexity without restricting choice or
    control.
    
    You simply upload your application, and
    AWS Elastic Beanstalk automatically
    handles the details of capacity
    provisioning, load balancing, scaling, and
    application health monitoring.

AppSync
AWS AppSync
    https://sammart.in/post/2020-05-17-querying-appsync-with-python/

    A really easy way to quickly assemble a
    GraphQL API to interact with data from
    DynamoDB, Lambda, ElasticSearch, RDS, or
    other HTTP endpoints.

    Enables you to use AWS Lambda to resolve
    any GraphQL field.
    
    For example, a GraphQL query might send a
    call to an Amazon RDS instance, and a
    GraphQL mutation might write to a Amazon
    Kinesis stream.
    
    In this section, we'll show you how to
    write a Lambda function that performs
    business logic based on the invocation of
    a GraphQL field operation. 

Amazon Elastic File System
EFS
    A cloud storage service provided by Amazon
    Web Services designed to provide scalable,
    elastic, concurrent with some
    restrictions, and encrypted file storage
    for use with both AWS cloud services and
    on-premises resources.

    This is used to mount EFS filesystems.

    https://github.com/aws/efs-utils
    
    e.g.
        sudo mount -t efs file-system-id efs-mount-point/

amazon-efs-utils
    Utilities for Amazon Elastic File System
    (EFS)

task definition
    Required to run Docker containers in
    Amazon ECS.

    A task definition contains a list of
    container definitions received by the
    Docker daemon to create a container
    instance.

Amazon Resource Name
ARN
    It's an ID.

Amazon Elastic Container Service
ECS
    A cloud computing service in AWS that
    manages containers and allows developers
    to run applications in the cloud without
    having to configure an environment for the
    code to run in.
    
    ECS supports Docker, an open source Linux
    container service.

ESC Service
    https://medium.com/boltops/gentle-introduction-to-how-aws-ecs-works-with-example-tutorial-cea3d27ce63d#:~:text=Service%20%E2%80%94%20Defines%20long%20running%20tasks,instance%20to%20an%20ECS%20Cluster.

    Defines long running tasks of the same
    Task Definition.
    
    This can be 1 running container or
    multiple running containers all using the
    same Task Definition.

ECS cluster
    An Amazon ECS cluster is a logical
    grouping of tasks or services.
    
    If you are running tasks or services that
    use the EC2 launch type, a cluster is also
    a grouping of container instances.
    
    If you are using capacity providers, a
    cluster is also a logical grouping of
    capacity providers.

ECS task
    A task is the instantiation of a task
    definition within a cluster.
    
    After you have created a task definition
    for your application within Amazon ECS,
    you can specify the number of tasks to run
    on your cluster.
    
    The Amazon ECS task scheduler is
    responsible for placing tasks within your
    cluster.

VPC
    Virtual Private Cloud

Amazon Managed Blockchain
    https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2021/03/announcing-general-availability-of-ethereum-on-amazon-managed-blockchain/

    Provision Ethereum nodes.

AWS
Amazon Web Services

RDS
Relational Database Service
Amazon Relational Database Service
    A distributed relational database service
    by AWS.
    
    It is a web service running "in the cloud"
    designed to simplify the setup, operation,
    and scaling of a relational database for
    use in applications.

ElastiCache
Amazon ElastiCache
    A fully managed in-memory data store and
    cache service by AWS.
    
    The service improves the performance of
    web applications by retrieving information
    from managed in-memory caches, instead of
    relying entirely on slower disk-based
    databases.

CodeGuru
Amazon CodeGuru
    A developer tool powered by ML that
    provides intelligent recommendations for
    improving code quality and identifying an
    application’s most expensive lines of
    code.
    
    Integrate Amazon CodeGuru into your
    existing software development workflow
    where you will experience built-in code
    reviews to detect and optimize the
    expensive lines of code to reduce costs.

    You associate it with GitHub and select
    the repo.
        https://youtu.be/i0Lz0bCaPOI?t=120

CodeGuru Profiler
Amazon CodeGuru Profiler
    Helps developers find an application’s
    most expensive lines of code along with
    specific visualizations and
    recommendations on how to improve code to
    save money.

CodeGuru Reviewer
Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer
    Uses ML to identify critical issues and
    hard-to-find bugs during application
    development to improve code quality.

SQS
Simple Queue Service
Amazon Simple Queue Service
    A distributed message queuing service
    introduced by Amazon.com in late 2004.

    It supports programmatic sending of
    messages via web service applications as a
    way to communicate over the Internet.

    See "RabbitMQ".

Perspective
AWS Perspective
    [tool]

    https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/implementations/aws-perspective/

    Quickly visualizes AWS Cloud workloads as
    architecture diagrams.
    
    You can use the solution to build,
    customize, and share detailed workload
    visualizations based on live data from
    AWS.
    
    This solution works by maintaining an
    inventory of the AWS resources across your
    accounts and Regions, mapping
    relationships between them, and displaying
    them in a web user interface (web UI).
    
    When making changes to a resource, AWS
    Perspective saves you time by providing a
    link to the resource in the AWS Management
    Console.

CloudFormation
AWS CloudFormation
    Provides a common language for you to
    model and provision AWS and third party
    application resources in your cloud
    environment.
    
    AWS CloudFormation allows you to use
    programming languages or a simple text
    file to model and provision, in an
    automated and secure manner, all the
    resources needed for your applications
    across all regions and accounts.
    
    This gives you a single source of truth
    for your AWS and third party resources.

lambda cold start issue
    A lambda is a little container of compute.

    You can keep lambdas warm by putting them
    on a cron and calling them every now and
    then.

Lambda
AWS Lambda
    [#AWS]
    [Computing service]

    A lambda is a little container of compute.

    You can keep lambdas warm by putting them
    on a cron and calling them every now and
    then.

    An event-driven, serverless computing
    platform provided by Amazon as a part of
    AWS.
    
    It is a computing service that runs code
    in response to events and automatically
    manages the computing resources required
    by that code.
    
    It was introduced in November 2014.

    Event-driven, serverless computing
    platform.
    
    Runs code in response to events and
    automatically manages the computing
    resources required by that code. 

AWS EventBridge
EventBridge
    [#AWS]

    Event-Driven AWS Integration for your SaaS
    Applications.

    Serverless event bus that makes it easy to
    connect applications together using data
    from your own applications, integrated
    Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) applications,
    and AWS services.
    
    EventBridge delivers a stream of real-time
    data from event sources, such as Zendesk,
    Datadog, or Pagerduty, and routes that
    data to targets like AWS Lambda.
    
    You can set up routing rules to determine
    where to send your data to build
    application architectures that react in
    real time to all of your data sources.
    
    EventBridge makes it easy to build event-
    driven applications because it takes care
    of event ingestion and delivery, security,
    authorization, and error handling for you.
    
    As your applications become more
    interconnected through events, you need to
    spend more effort to find events and
    understand their structure in order to
    write code to react to those events.

AWS Cloud9
Cloud9 IDE
    An Online IDE, published as open source
    from version 2.0, until version 3.0.
    
    It supports multiple programming
    languages, including C, C++, PHP, Ruby,
    Perl, Python, JavaScript with Node.js, and
    Go.

Amazon EC2

Amazon EBS

AMI
Amazon Machine Image
    A special type of virtual appliance that
    is used to create a VM within the Amazon
    Elastic Compute Cloud ("EC2").
    
    It serves as the basic unit of deployment
    for services delivered using EC2.

stateless
    State is managed by another system.
    
    On AWS, this can be DynamoDB, RDS, S3, or
    other storage services.
    
    Managing a stateless system is less
    complex than managing a stateful system.
    
    You can terminate single instances at any
    time without loosing data.

Amazon VPC
Amazon Virtual Private Cloud

Transport Layer Security
TLS

User Datagram Protocol
UDP

Transmission Control Protocol
TCP

Elastic Load Balancing
ELB
    Achieve fault tolerance for any
    application by ensuring scalability,
    performance, and security.

    Automatically distributes incoming
    application traffic across multiple
    targets, such as Amazon EC2 instances,
    containers, IP addresses, and Lambda
    functions.
    
    It can handle the varying load of your
    application traffic in a single
    Availability Zone or across multiple
    Availability Zones.
    
    Elastic Load Balancing offers three types
    of load balancers that all feature the
    high availability, automatic scaling, and
    robust security necessary to make your
    applications fault tolerant.

Application Load Balancer
ALB
    Best suited for load balancing of HTTP and
    HTTPS traffic and provides advanced
    request routing targeted at the delivery
    of modern application architectures,
    including microservices and containers.
    
    Operating at the individual request level
    (Layer 7), Application Load Balancer
    routes traffic to targets within Amazon
    VPC based on the content of the request.

Network Load Balancer
NLB
    Best suited for load balancing of TCP, UDP
    and TLS traffic where extreme performance
    is required.
    
    Operating at the connection level (Layer
    4), Network Load Balancer routes traffic
    to targets within Amazon VPC and is
    capable of handling millions of requests
    per second while maintaining ultra-low
    latencies.
    
    Network Load Balancer is also optimized to
    handle sudden and volatile traffic
    patterns.

Classic Load Balancer
CLB
    Provides basic load balancing across
    multiple Amazon EC2 instances and operates
    at both the request level and connection
    level.
    
    Classic Load Balancer is intended for
    applications that were built within the
    EC2-Classic network.

Spot fleet
    https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/spot-fleet.html

    This is the answer to capacity problems.

ECR
Amazon Elastic Container Registry
    [#aws]

    A fully-managed Docker container registry
    that makes it easy for developers to
    store, manage, and deploy Docker

ECS
Elastic Container Service
    Fully managed container orchestration
    service.
    
    Customers such as Duolingo, Samsung, GE,
    and Cookpad use ECS to run their most
    sensitive and mission critical
    applications because of its security,
    reliability, and scalability.
    
    ECS is a great choice to run containers
    for several reasons.
    
    First, you can choose to run your ECS
    clusters using AWS Fargate, which is
    serverless compute for containers.
    
    Fargate removes the need to provision and
    manage servers, lets you specify and pay
    for resources per application, and
    improves security through application
    isolation by design.
    
    Second, ECS is used extensively within
    Amazon to power services such as Amazon
    SageMaker, AWS Batch, Amazon Lex, and
    Amazon.com’s recommendation engine,
    ensuring ECS is tested extensively for
    security, reliability, and availability.

Marketplace
AWS Marketplace
    A digital catalog with thousands of
    software listings from independent
    software vendors that make it easy to
    find, test, buy, and deploy software that
    runs on AWS.

Amazon S3
Amazon Simple Storage Service
s3
    A service offered by AWS that provides
    object storage through a web service
    interface.
    
    Amazon S3 uses the same scalable storage
    infrastructure that Amazon.com uses to run
    its global e-commerce network.

Bastion Server
Bastion Host
    Use to controlling network access to EC2
    Instances.

    https://docs.aws.amazon.com/quickstart/latest/linux-bastion/architecture.html

Reserved Instance
    A reservation of resources and capacity,
    for either one or three years, for a
    particular Availability Zone within a
    region.
    
    Unlike on-demand, when you purchase a
    reservation, you commit to paying for all
    of the hours of the 1- or 3-year term; in
    exchange, the hourly rate is lowered
    significantly.

Standard Reserved Instances
    Provide you with a significant discount
    (up to 75%) compared to On-Demand instance
    pricing, and can be purchased for a 1-year
    or 3-year term.
    
    Customers have the flexibility to change
    the Availability Zone, the instance size,
    and networking type of their Standard
    Reserved Instances.

Availability Zone
    A logical data center in a region
    available for use by any AWS customer.
    
    Each zone in a region has redundant and
    separate power, networking and
    connectivity to reduce the likelihood of
    two zones failing simultaneously.
    
    A common misconception is that a single
    zone equals a single data center.

DynamoDB
Amazon DynamoDB
    A key-value and document database that
    delivers single-digit millisecond
    performance at any scale.
    
    It's a fully managed, multiregion,
    multimaster, durable database with built-
    in security, backup and restore, and in-
    memory caching for internet-scale
    applications.

SAM
Serverless Application Model
AWS Serverless Application Model
AWS SAM
    [cloud formation]

    An AWS deploy tool on top of cloud
    formation.

    An open-source framework that you can use
    to build serverless applications on AWS.
    
    A serverless application is a combination
    of Lambda functions, event sources, and
    other resources that work together to
    perform tasks.
    
    Note that a serverless application is more
    than just a Lambda function—it can include
    additional resources such as APIs,
    databases, and event source mappings.

template.yaml
    SAM template.

    https://docs.aws.amazon.com/serverless-application-model/latest/developerguide/sam-specification-template-anatomy.html

AWS Fargate
Fargate
    Amazon's container service.

    A serverless compute engine for containers
    that works with both Amazon Elastic
    Container Service (ECS) and Amazon Elastic
    k8s Service (EKS).
    
    Fargate makes it easy for you to focus on
    building your applications.
    
    Fargate removes the need to provision and
    manage servers, lets you specify and pay
    for resources per application, and
    improves security through application
    isolation by design.
    
    Fargate allocates the right amount of
    compute, eliminating the need to choose
    instances and scale cluster capacity.
    
    You only pay for the resources required to
    run your containers, so there is no over-
    provisioning and paying for additional
    servers.
    
    Fargate runs each task or pod in its own
    kernel providing the tasks and pods their
    own isolated compute environment.
    
    This enables your application to have
    workload isolation and improved security
    by design.
    
    This is why customers such as Vanguard,
    Accenture, Foursquare, and Ancestry have
    chosen to run their mission critical
    applications on Fargate.

CodeBuild
AWS CodeBuild
    Fully managed CI service that compiles
    source code, runs tests, and produces
    software packages that are ready to
    deploy.
    
    With CodeBuild, you don’t need to
    provision, manage, and scale your own
    build servers.
    
    CodeBuild scales continuously and
    processes multiple builds concurrently, so
    your builds are not left waiting in a
    queue.
    
    You can get started quickly by using
    prepackaged build environments, or you can
    create custom build environments that use
    your own build tools.
    
    With CodeBuild, you are charged by the
    minute for the compute resources you use.

CloudSearch
Amazon CloudSearch
    Quickly add rich search capabilities to
    your website or application.
    
    You don't need to become a search expert
    or worry about hardware provisioning,
    setup, and maintenance.
    
    With a few clicks in the AWS Management
    Console, you can create a search domain
    and upload the data that you want to make
    searchable, and Amazon CloudSearch will
    automatically provision the required
    resources and deploy a highly tuned search
    index.
    
    You can easily change your search
    parameters, fine tune search relevance,
    and apply new settings at any time.
    
    As your volume of data and traffic
    fluctuates, Amazon CloudSearch seamlessly
    scales to meet your needs.

Service-oriented architecture
    NLG: A style of software architecture in
    which functionality is provided as
    services to other components.

CQRS
    NLG:
        Command Query Responsibility
        Segregation is a pattern for
        implementing distributed systems.
        
        It divides the application into two
        logical parts: the command side and
        the query side.
        
        The command side is responsible for
        changing the state of the application,
        while the query side is responsible
        for reporting the state of the
        application.

AWS Outposts
    A fully managed service that offers the
    same AWS infrastructure, AWS services,
    APIs, and tools to virtually any
    datacenter, co-location space, or on-
    premises facility for a truly consistent
    hybrid experience.
    
    AWS Outposts is ideal for workloads that
    require low latency access to on-premises
    systems, local data processing, data
    residency, and migration of applications
    with local system interdependencies.

Command Query Responsibility
    NLG: A pattern that describes how a
    command and a query can be separated in an
    application.

API Composition Pattern
    [[egr:aws API Composition Pattern]]

Lambda Resolver
    [[egr:aws lambda resolver]]

    https://docs.aws.amazon.com/appsync/latest/devguide/tutorial-lambda-resolvers.html

Eventsourcing
Decoupled Service Choreography
    NLG:
        A service choreography is a model of a
        service that is used to describe the
        capabilities of the service and the
        interactions that are possible with
        the service.
        
        A decoupled service choreography is a
        service choreography where the service
        and the consumer of the service are
        not tightly coupled.

SAGA
    [Microservice Patterns in AWS]

    https://www.shogan.co.uk/aws/saga-pattern-with-aws-cdk-lambda-and-step-functions/

    A sequence of local transactions.

    Intra-service orchestration using state
    machines.

    The saga pattern is useful when you have
    transactions that require a bunch of steps
    to complete successfully, with failure of
    steps requiring associated rollback
    processes to run.
    
    This post will cover the saga pattern with
    aws-cdk, leveraging AWS Step Functions and
    Lambda.