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Install Oracle in Linux.md

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Install Oracle in Linux

I have installed Oracle 12C release 1 on CentOS and followed the same step for RedHat and Amazon Linux. You can use X windows as well, but I recommend to user Silent installation which saves more time.

Read my previous page to download Oracle on Linux.

For this installtion I used Centos 7.2,

Server Name ora,

IP address 10.10.0.1

Put a FQDN name for the server

vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 ora.sqladmin.com ora
10.10.0.1 ora.sqladmin.com ora

Set selinux value to permissive

vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=permissive

Kernel level parameters

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmall = 2097152
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

Update your Server

sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum clean metadata && sudo yum upgrade

Reboot to apply all the the config changes

reboot

Install pre-requirement packages

sudo yum -y install binutils.x86_64 compat-libcap1.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 compat-gcc-44 compat-gcc-44-c++ gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 glibc.i686 glibc.x86_64 glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel.x86_64 ksh.x86_64 libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel.x86_64 libXext.i686 libXext.x86_64 libXtst.i686 libXtst.x86_64 libX11.x86_64 libX11.i686 libXau.x86_64 libXau.i686 libxcb.i686 libxcb.x86_64 libXi.i686 libXi.x86_64 make.x86_64 unixODBC unixODBC-devel sysstat.x86_64

yum -y install binutils-2.* compat-libstdc++-33* elfutils-libelf-0.* elfutils-libelf-devel-* gcc-4.* gcc-c++-4.* glibc-2.* glibc-common-2.* glibc-devel-2.* glibc-headers-2.* ksh-2* libaio-0.* libaio-devel-0.* libgcc-4.* libstdc++-4.* libstdc++-devel-4.* make-3.* sysstat-7.* unixODBC-2.* unixODBC-devel-2.*

Add user and groups for oracle

sudo groupadd -g 54321 oracle
sudo groupadd -g 54322 dba
sudo groupadd -g 54323 oper
sudo useradd -u 54321 -g oracle -G dba,oper oracle
sudo usermod -a -G wheel oracle
sudo passwd oracle

Disable iptables or configure to allow oracle

sudo iptables -F
sudo service iptables save
sudo chkconfig iptables on

Create swap file

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=10M count=70
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
sudo mkswap /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile

Make swap file at startup

vi /etc/fstab

/swapfile none swap sw 0 0

Create directories for oracle installation

sudo mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/distribs
sudo chown -R oracle:oracle /ora01
sudo chmod -R 775 /ora01
ls -l /ora01

Create bash profile file

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

export TMP=/tmp
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ora
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C
export ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORA12C
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export CLASSPATH=ORACLE_HOME/jlib:ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
alias cdob='cd ORACLE_BASE'
alias cdoh='cd ORACLE_HOME'
alias tns='cd ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'
alias envo='env | grep ORACLE'
umask 022
envo

Set file limits and file descriptor values

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle	soft	nofile	1024	
oracle	hard	nofile	65536	
oracle	soft	nproc	2047
oracle	hard	nproc	16384
oracle	soft	stack	10240
oracle	hard	stack	32768
vi /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf

-- By default it was set to
* soft nproc 1024
-- We need to change it to.
* - nproc 16384

Installation:

We are doing this installation in three parts.

  • db_install.rsp – used to install oracle binaries, install/upgrade a database in silent mode
  • dbca.rsp – used to install/configure/delete a database in silent mode
  • netca.rsp – used to configure simple network for oracle database in silent mode

db_install file installation

Move oracle installer to appropriate directory. I have downloaded and extracted Oracle software in /home/ubuntu/database.

mv /home/oracle/database /ora01/app/oracle/distribs
sudo chown -R oracle:oracle /ora01/app/oracle/distribs/database
sudo chmod -R 775 /ora01/app/oracle/distribs/database

Now Login as Oracle user.

Edit and install db_install.rsp

cp db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bck

vi /ora01/app/oracle/distribs/database/response/db_install.rsp

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.1.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ora
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oracle
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/ora01/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
ORACLE_HOME=/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=oracle
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oracle
oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=oracle
oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=oracle
oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=oracle
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

Save and close.

Call the source file

source ~/.bash_profile

Install

cd /ora01/app/oracle/distribs/database/

./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /ora01/app/oracle/distribs/database/response/db_install.rsp

Once its done it’ll show to execute two sh files in root user.

su root
/ora01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh

Now test the installation.

source ~/.bash_profile
sqlplus / as sysdba

netca.rsp file installation

You can edit netca.rsp to set own parameters. I didn’t changed anything here. So just start standard configuration. It will configure LISTENER with standard settings.

netca -silent -responseFile /ora01/app/oracle/distribs/database/response/netca.rsp

Check LISTENER status

lsnrctl status

dbca.rsp file installation

Lets install the database software, you can also use this to install container database. But here I’m going to install single instance database called ORA12C.

Make the directories for data files

su oracle
mkdir /ora01/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir /ora01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

Edit the dbca.rsp file

vi /ora01/app/oracle/distribs/database/response/dbca.rsp

GDBNAME = "ora_master"
SID = "ORA12C"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
EMCONFIGURATION = "DBEXPRESS"
EMEXPRESSPORT = "5500"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"
DATAFILEDESTINATION = /ora01/app/oracle/oradata
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION = /ora01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
STORAGETYPE = FS
LISTENERS = "LISTENER"
DATABASETYPE = "OLTP"
AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "TRUE"
TOTALMEMORY = "1024"

TOTALMEMORY = Please set this value as 70% of your total memory.

Now execute the below command to create the database.

dbca -silent -responseFile /ora01/app/oracle/distribs/database/response/dbca.rsp

Alternatively,

dbca \
-silent \
-createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc   \
-gdbName ORA12C \
-pdbadminPassword oracle \
-SysPassword oracle \
-SystemPassword oracle \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-datafileDestination /ora01/app/oracle/oradata \
-asmSysPassword oracle \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-totalMemory 6000 \
-recoveryAreaDestination /ora01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

THIS IS FOR STANDARD EDITION

Thats it!! :)