pbkit.c

//pbKit core functions

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2007 Guillaume Lamonoca
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017 espes
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017-2020 Jannik Vogel
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018-2022 Stefan Schmidt
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Lucas Jansson
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Erik Abair

//#define DBG
//#define LOG

#include <hal/video.h>
#include <hal/xbox.h>
#include <xboxkrnl/xboxkrnl.h>
#include <hal/debug.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <winapi/synchapi.h>

#include "pbkit.h"
#include "outer.h"
#include "nv_objects.h"  //shared with renouveau files
#include "nv20_shader.h" //(search "nouveau" on wiki)



#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

//a macro used to build up a valid method
#define EncodeMethod(subchannel,command,nparam) ((nparam<<18)+(subchannel<<13)+command)



#define INSTANCE_MEM_MAXSIZE                0x5000  //20Kb

#define ADDR_SYSMEM                 1
#define ADDR_FBMEM                  2
#define ADDR_AGPMEM                 3

#define DMA_CLASS_2                 2
#define DMA_CLASS_3                 3
#define DMA_CLASS_3D                    0x3D

#define GR_CLASS_30                 0x30
#define GR_CLASS_39                 0x39
#define GR_CLASS_62                 0x62
#define GR_CLASS_97                 0x97
#define GR_CLASS_9F                 0x9F

#define GPU_IRQ                     3

#define XTAL_16MHZ                  16.6667f
#define DW_XTAL_16MHZ                   16666666

#define MAX_EXTRA_BUFFERS               8

#define MAXRAM                      0x03FFAFFF

#define NONE                        -1

#define TICKSTIMEOUT                    100 //if Dma doesn't react in that time, send a warning

#define PB_SETOUTER                 0xB2A
#define PB_SETNOISE                 0xBAA
#define PB_FINISHED                 0xFAB

struct s_CtxDma
{
    DWORD               ChannelID;
    DWORD               Inst;   //Addr in PRAMIN area, unit=16 bytes blocks, baseaddr=VIDEO_BASE+NV_PRAMIN
    DWORD               Class;
    DWORD               isGr;
};

static unsigned int pb_ColorFmt = NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_A8R8G8B8;
static unsigned int pb_DepthFmt = NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_ZETA_Z24S8;

static  int         pb_running=0;

static  DWORD           pb_vbl_counter=0;

#ifdef DBG
static int          pb_trace_mode=1;
#else
static int          pb_trace_mode=0;
#endif
                //if set, we wait after each block sending (pb_end)
                //so we are sure GPU received all the data (slower)
                //and that any GPU error comes from last block sent.

static  int         pb_disable_gpu=0;
                //if set, prevents GPU from delaying CPU when FIFO is
                //full (allows to see how fast CPU code is fast alone)

static  KINTERRUPT      pb_InterruptObject;
static  KDPC            pb_DPCObject;

static  HANDLE          pb_VBlankEvent;

static  DWORD           pb_OldMCEnable;
static  DWORD           pb_OldMCInterrupt;
static  DWORD           pb_OldFBConfig0;
static  DWORD           pb_OldFBConfig1;
static  DWORD           pb_OldVideoStart;

static  DWORD           *pb_DmaBuffer8; //points at 32 contiguous bytes (Dma Channel ID 8 buffer)
static  DWORD           *pb_DmaBuffer2; //points at 32 contiguous bytes (Dma Channel ID 2 buffer)
static  DWORD           *pb_DmaBuffer7; //points at 32 contiguous bytes (Dma Channel ID 7 buffer)

static  DWORD           pb_Size=512*1024;//push buffer size, must be >64Kb and a power of 2
static  uint32_t        *pb_Head;   //points at push buffer head
static  uint32_t        *pb_Tail;   //points at push buffer tail
static  uint32_t        *pb_Put=NULL;   //where next command+params are to be written

static  float           pb_CpuFrequency;

static  DWORD           pb_GpuInstMem;

static  DWORD           pb_PushBase;
static  DWORD           pb_PushLimit;

static  DWORD           pb_FifoHTAddr;
static  DWORD           pb_FifoFCAddr;
static  DWORD           pb_FifoU1Addr;

static  DWORD           pb_3DGrCtxInst[2]={0,0};//Adress of the two 3D graphic contexts (addr=inst<<4+NV_PRAMIN)
static  DWORD           pb_GrCtxTableInst;  //Adress of the table that points at the two graphic contexts
static  DWORD           pb_GrCtxInst[2];    //Adress of the two graphic contexts (addr=inst<<4+NV_PRAMIN)
static  int         pb_GrCtxID;     //Current context ID : 0,1 or NONE

static  DWORD           pb_FifoBigInst;     //graphic contexts are stored there, and much more (addr=inst<<4+NV_PRAMIN)

static  DWORD           pb_FreeInst;        //next free space in PRAMIN area (addr=inst<<4+NV_PRAMIN)

static  int         pb_GammaRampIdx=0;
static  int         pb_GammaRampbReady[3]={0,0,0};
static  BYTE            pb_GammaRamp[3][3][256];

static  int         pb_BackBufferNxt=0;
static  int         pb_BackBufferNxtVBL=0;
static  int         pb_BackBufferbReady[3]={0,0,0};
static  int         pb_BackBufferIndex[3];

static  DWORD           pb_FifoChannelsReady=0;
static  DWORD           pb_FifoChannelsMode=NV_PFIFO_MODE_ALL_PIO;
static  DWORD           pb_FifoChannelID=0;

static  DWORD           pb_PutRunSize=0;
static  DWORD           pb_GetRunSize;

static  DWORD           pb_FrameBuffersCount;
static  DWORD           pb_FrameBuffersWidth;
static  DWORD           pb_FrameBuffersHeight;
static  DWORD           pb_FrameBuffersAddr;
static  DWORD           pb_FrameBuffersPitch;
static  DWORD           pb_FBAddr[3];       //frame buffers addresses
static  DWORD           pb_FBSize;      //size of 1 buffer
static  DWORD           pb_FBGlobalSize;    //size of all buffers
static  DWORD           pb_FBVFlag;
static  DWORD           pb_GPUFrameBuffersFormat;//encoded format for GPU
static  DWORD           pb_EXAddr[8];       //extra buffers addresses
static  DWORD           pb_ExtraBuffersCount=0;

static  DWORD           pb_DepthStencilAddr;
static  DWORD           pb_DepthStencilPitch;
static int          pb_DepthStencilLast;
static  DWORD           pb_DSAddr;      //depth stencil address
static  DWORD           pb_DSSize;      //size of depth stencil buffer
static  DWORD           pb_GPUDepthStencilFormat;//encoded format for GPU

static  int         pb_front_index;
static  int         pb_back_index;

static  DWORD           pb_Viewport_x;
static  DWORD           pb_Viewport_y;
static  DWORD           pb_Viewport_width;
static  DWORD           pb_Viewport_height;
static  DWORD           pb_Viewport_zmin;
static  DWORD           pb_Viewport_zmax;

static  float           pb_XScale;
static  float           pb_YScale;
static  float           pb_ZScale;
static  float           pb_GlobalScale;
static  float           pb_Bias;

static  int         pb_debug_screen_active;

static  DWORD           pb_DmaChID9Inst;
static  DWORD           pb_DmaChID10Inst;
static  DWORD           pb_DmaChID11Inst;

static volatile DWORD  *pb_DmaUserAddr;

static  DWORD           pb_PushIndex;
static  DWORD           *pb_PushStart;
static  DWORD           *pb_PushNext;

static int          pb_BeginEndPair=0;

static float            pb_FixedPipelineConstants[12]={
                    0.0f,   0.5f,   1.0f,   2.0f,
                    -1.0f,  0.0f,   1.0f,   2.0f,
                    0.0f,   0.0f,   -1.0f,  0.0f    };

static  float           pb_IdentityMatrix[16]={
                    1.0f,   0.0f,   0.0f,   0.0f,
                    0.0f,   1.0f,   0.0f,   0.0f,
                    0.0f,   0.0f,   1.0f,   0.0f,
                    0.0f,   0.0f,   0.0f,   1.0f    };

static  DWORD           pb_TilePitches[16]={
                    0x0200,0x0400,0x0600,0x0800,
                    0x0A00,0x0C00,0x0E00,0x1000,
                    0x1400,0x1800,0x1C00,0x2800,
                    0x3000,0x3800,0x5000,0x7000 };

static  float           pb_BiasTable[7]={
                    0.0f,
                    0.585f,
                    1.0f,
                    1.322f,
                    1.585f,
                    1.907f,
                    2.0f    };

static HAL_SHUTDOWN_REGISTRATION pb_shutdown_registration;

//forward references
static void pb_load_gr_ctx(int ctx_id);
static NTAPI VOID pb_shutdown_notification_routine (PHAL_SHUTDOWN_REGISTRATION ShutdownRegistration);


//private pb_text_screen functions

#define ROWS    16
#define COLS    60

static  char        pb_text_screen[ROWS][COLS];

static int      pb_next_row=0;
static int      pb_next_col=0;

static unsigned char systemFont[] =
{
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,56,56,56,56,56,0,56,56,
    108,108,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,108,254,254,108,254,254,108,
    48,126,224,124,14,254,252,48,98,230,204,24,48,102,206,140,
    120,220,252,120,250,222,252,118,28,28,56,0,0,0,0,0,
    14,28,28,28,28,28,28,14,112,56,56,56,56,56,56,112,
    0,0,0,230,124,56,124,206,0,0,28,28,127,127,28,28,
    0,0,0,0,0,28,28,56,0,0,0,0,124,124,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,56,56,28,28,56,56,112,112,224,224,
    124,254,238,238,238,254,254,124,56,120,248,56,56,254,254,254,
    252,254,14,60,112,254,254,254,252,254,14,60,14,254,254,252,
    238,238,238,254,254,14,14,14,254,254,224,252,14,254,254,252,
    124,252,224,252,238,254,254,124,252,254,14,14,28,28,56,56,
    124,254,238,124,238,254,254,124,124,254,238,126,14,254,254,252,
    0,0,28,28,0,28,28,28,0,0,28,28,0,28,28,56,
    6,14,28,56,56,28,14,6,0,0,124,124,0,124,124,124,
    112,56,28,14,14,28,56,112,124,254,206,28,56,0,56,56,
    124,198,190,182,190,182,200,126,124,254,238,254,238,238,238,238,
    252,254,206,252,206,254,254,252,124,254,238,224,238,254,254,124,
    252,254,238,238,238,254,254,252,254,254,224,248,224,254,254,254,
    126,254,224,248,224,224,224,224,126,254,224,238,238,254,254,124,
    238,238,238,254,238,238,238,238,254,254,56,56,56,254,254,254,
    254,254,14,14,238,254,254,124,238,238,252,248,252,238,238,238,
    224,224,224,224,224,254,254,126,130,198,238,254,254,238,238,238,
    206,238,254,254,254,254,238,230,124,254,238,238,238,254,254,124,
    252,254,238,238,252,224,224,224,124,254,238,238,254,254,252,118,
    252,254,238,238,252,238,238,238,126,254,224,124,14,254,254,252,
    254,254,56,56,56,56,56,56,238,238,238,238,238,254,254,124,
    238,238,238,238,238,238,124,56,238,238,238,254,254,238,198,130,
    238,238,124,56,124,238,238,238,238,238,124,124,56,56,112,112,
    254,254,28,56,112,254,254,254,124,124,112,112,112,124,124,124,
    112,112,56,56,28,28,14,14,124,124,28,28,28,124,124,124,
    56,124,238,198,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,254,254,254,
    56,56,28,0,0,0,0,0,0,124,254,238,254,238,238,238,
    0,252,254,206,252,206,254,252,0,124,254,238,224,238,254,124,
    0,252,254,238,238,238,254,252,0,254,254,224,248,224,254,254,
    0,126,254,224,248,224,224,224,0,126,254,224,238,238,254,124,
    0,238,238,238,254,238,238,238,0,254,254,56,56,56,254,254,
    0,254,254,14,14,238,254,124,0,238,238,252,248,252,238,238,
    0,224,224,224,224,224,254,126,0,130,198,238,254,254,238,238,
    0,206,238,254,254,254,238,230,0,124,254,238,238,238,254,124,
    0,252,254,238,238,252,224,224,0,124,254,238,238,254,252,118,
    0,252,254,238,238,252,238,238,0,126,254,224,124,14,254,252,
    0,254,254,56,56,56,56,56,0,238,238,238,238,238,254,124,
    0,238,238,238,238,238,124,56,0,238,238,238,254,238,198,130,
    0,238,238,124,56,124,238,238,0,238,238,124,124,56,56,112,
    0,254,254,28,56,112,254,254,60,124,112,112,112,124,124,60,
    56,56,56,0,56,56,56,56,120,124,28,28,28,124,124,120,
    236,254,118,0,0,0,0,0,0,16,56,124,254,254,254,254,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
};


static void pb_scrollup(void)
{
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<ROWS-1;i++)
    memcpy(&pb_text_screen[i][0],&pb_text_screen[i+1][0],COLS);
    memset(&pb_text_screen[ROWS-1][0],0,COLS);
}

void pb_print_char(char c)
{
    if (c=='\n')
    {
        pb_next_row++;
        if (pb_next_row>=ROWS) { pb_next_row=ROWS-1; pb_scrollup(); }
        pb_next_col=0;
    }
    else
    if (c=='\r')
    {
        pb_next_col=0;
    }
    else
    if (c==8)
    {
        pb_next_col--;
        if (pb_next_col<0) pb_next_col=0;
    }
    else
    if (c>=32)
    {
        pb_text_screen[pb_next_row][pb_next_col]=c;
        pb_next_col++;
        if (pb_next_col>=COLS)
        {
            pb_next_row++;
            if (pb_next_row>=ROWS) { pb_next_row=ROWS-1; pb_scrollup(); }
            pb_next_col=0;
        }
    }
}



//private functions

static void pb_set_gamma_ramp(BYTE *pGammaRamp)
{
    int         i;

    VIDEOREG8(NV_USER_DAC_WRITE_MODE_ADDRESS)=0;    //&NV_USER_DAC_WRITE_MODE_ADDRESS_VALUE

    for(i=0;i<256;i++)
    {
        VIDEOREG8(NV_USER_DAC_PALETTE_DATA)=pGammaRamp[i];  //&NV_USER_DAC_PALETTE_DATA_VALUE
        VIDEOREG8(NV_USER_DAC_PALETTE_DATA)=pGammaRamp[i+256];  //&NV_USER_DAC_PALETTE_DATA_VALUE
        VIDEOREG8(NV_USER_DAC_PALETTE_DATA)=pGammaRamp[i+512];  //&NV_USER_DAC_PALETTE_DATA_VALUE
    }
}





static void pb_vbl_handler(void)
{
    BYTE        old_color_addr; //important index to preserve if we are called from Dpc or Isr

    int     flag;
    int     next;
    int     index;

    old_color_addr=VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR);

    pb_vbl_counter++;

    //Index of next back buffer to show up (0-4)
    next=pb_BackBufferNxtVBL;

    //Is the next back buffer to show up is ready?
    if (pb_BackBufferbReady[next]==1)
    {
        //screen swapping has been done already, theoretically, in ISR
        pb_BackBufferbReady[next]=0;

        index=pb_GammaRampIdx;
        if (pb_GammaRampbReady[index])
        {
            pb_set_gamma_ramp(&pb_GammaRamp[index][0][0]);
            pb_GammaRampbReady[index]=0;
            index=(index+1)%3;
            pb_GammaRampIdx=index;
        }

        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INCREMENT)|=NV_PGRAPH_INCREMENT_READ_3D_TRIGGER;

        //rotate next back buffer & gamma ramp index
        next=(next+1)%3;
        pb_BackBufferNxtVBL=next;
    }

    do
    {
        VIDEOREG(PCRTC_INTR)=PCRTC_INTR_VBLANK_RESET;
    }while(VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_0)&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PCRTC_PENDING);

    NtPulseEvent(pb_VBlankEvent, NULL);

//  if (UserCallback) UserCallback(); //user callback must be brief and preserve fpu state

    VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR)=old_color_addr; //restore color index
}







static void pb_cache_flush(void)
{
    __asm__ __volatile__ ("sfence");
    //assembler instruction "sfence" : waits end of previous instructions

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_WC_CACHE)|=NV_PFB_WC_CACHE_FLUSH_TRIGGER;
    while(VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_WC_CACHE)&NV_PFB_WC_CACHE_FLUSH_IN_PROGRESS) {};
}




static void pb_subprog(DWORD subprogID, DWORD paramA, DWORD paramB)
{
    //inner registers 0x1D8C & 0x1D90 match 2 outer registers :
    //[0x1D8C]=[NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A]=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_PARAMETER_A)=[0xFD401A88]
    //[0x1D90]=[NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_B]=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_PARAMETER_B)=[0xFD40186C]
    //so they can be used by a push buffer sequence to set parameters
    //before triggering a subprogram by the command 0x0100 which will
    //throw an interrupt and have CPU execute its code right here.

    //Here just test the subprogID value and execute your own subprogram
    //associated code (avoid using subprogID=0, it seems to be reserved)

    int         next;

    switch(subprogID)
    {
        case PB_SETOUTER: //sets an outer register
            VIDEOREG(paramA)=paramB;
            break;

        case PB_SETNOISE: //Dxt1NoiseEnable: copy paramA in NV_PGRAPH_RDI(sel 0xE0 adr 0x50 & sel 0xDF adr 0x08)
            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((0xE0<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT)|((0x50)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS);
            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=paramA;
            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((0xDF<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT)|((0x08)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS);
            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=paramA;
            break;

        case PB_FINISHED: //warns that all drawing has been finished for the frame
            next=pb_BackBufferNxt;
            pb_BackBufferIndex[next]=paramA;
            pb_BackBufferbReady[next]=1;
            next=(next+1)%3;
            pb_BackBufferNxt=next;
            break;

        default:
            debugPrint( "Unknown subProgID %lu has been detected by DPC (A=%lx B=%lx).\n",
                    subprogID,
                    paramA,
                    paramB  );
            break;
    }
}



static DWORD pb_gr_handler(void)
{
    DWORD           status;

    DWORD           trapped_address;
    int         trapped_ctx_id;

    DWORD           nsource;

    DWORD           GrClass;

    DWORD           DataLow;

    int         i;

    DWORD           *p;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FIFO)=NV_PGRAPH_FIFO_ACCESS_DISABLE;

    status=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR);
    trapped_address=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_TRAPPED_ADDR);
    nsource=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE);

    trapped_ctx_id=(trapped_address&NV_PGRAPH_TRAPPED_ADDR_CHID)>>20;
    trapped_address&=NV_PGRAPH_TRAPPED_ADDR_MTHD;

    if (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_CONTEXT_SWITCH_PENDING)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_CONTEXT_SWITCH_RESET;

        while(VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_STATUS));

        pb_load_gr_ctx(trapped_ctx_id);
    }

    if (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_MISSING_HW_PENDING)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_MISSING_HW_RESET;
    }

    if (    (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_NOTIFY_PENDING)||
        (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_ERROR_PENDING)   )
    {
        if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_ILLEGAL_MTHD_PENDING)
        {
            if (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_NOTIFY_PENDING)
                VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)=   NV_PGRAPH_INTR_NOTIFY_RESET|
                                NV_PGRAPH_INTR_ERROR_RESET|
                                NV_PGRAPH_INTR_SINGLE_STEP_RESET|
                                NV_PGRAPH_INTR_MORE_RESET;
            else
                VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_ERROR_RESET;
        }
    }

    status=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR);

    if (status)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_CONTEXT_SWITCH_RESET;

        if (    (status!=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_CONTEXT_SWITCH_PENDING)&&
            (status!=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_SINGLE_STEP_PENDING)    )
        {
            if (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_MISSING_HW_PENDING)
            {
                while(VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_STATUS)) {};
            }

            if (nsource)
            {
                if (    (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_NOTIFY_PENDING)||
                    (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_ERROR_PENDING)   )
                {
                    GrClass=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH1)&NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH1_GRCLASS;
                    DataLow=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_TRAPPED_DATA_LOW);   //&NV_PGRAPH_TRAPPED_DATA_LOW_VALUE

                    if ((nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_ILLEGAL_MTHD_PENDING)==0)
                    {
                        if (trapped_address==0x0100)
                        {
                            //The following line may be a bad idea. But without it, interrupt fires permanently...
                            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_ERROR_RESET;
                            //calls subprogram
                            pb_subprog(DataLow,VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_PARAMETER_A),VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_PARAMETER_B));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            pb_show_debug_screen();

                            debugPrint("\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_DATA_ERROR_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : invalid data error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_PROTECTION_ERROR_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : protection error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_RANGE_EXCEPTION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : range exception error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_LIMIT_COLOR_PENDING)
                            {
                                uint32_t limit_details = VIDEOREG(0x00400800);
                                debugPrint("GPU Error : color buffer limit error! 0x%X\n", limit_details);
                            }
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_LIMIT_ZETA_PENDING)
                            {
                                uint32_t limit_details = VIDEOREG(0x00400800);
                                debugPrint("GPU Error : zeta buffer limit error! 0x%X\n", limit_details);
                            }
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_DMA_R_PROTECTION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : dma read protection error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_DMA_W_PROTECTION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : dma write protection error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_FORMAT_EXCEPTION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : format exception error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_PATCH_EXCEPTION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : patch exception error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_STATE_INVALID_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : object state invalid error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_DOUBLE_NOTIFY_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : double notify error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_NOTIFY_IN_USE_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : notify in use error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_METHOD_CNT_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : method count error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_BFR_NOTIFICATION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : buffer notification error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_DMA_VTX_PROTECTION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : DMA vertex protection error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_IDX_INLINE_REUSE_PENDING) debugPrint("Graphics index inline reuse error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_INVALID_OPERATION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : invalid operation error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_FD_INVALID_OPERATION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : FD invalid operation error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_TEX_A_PROTECTION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : texture A protection error!\n");
                            if (nsource&NV_PGRAPH_NSOURCE_TEX_B_PROTECTION_PENDING) debugPrint("GPU Error : texture B protection error!\n");

                            debugPrint( "Error binary flags : %08lx\n"
                                    "Channel ID : %d (0=3D)\n"
                                    "Channel class : %lx\n"
                                    "Push buffer inner register target : %04lx\n"
                                    "Push buffer data (lo) or instance : %08lx\n"
                                    "Push buffer data (hi) or instance : %08x\n"
                                    "Multi-purpose register A [0x1D8C] : %08x\n"
                                    "Multi-purpose register B [0x1D90] : %08x\n\n",
                                    nsource,
                                    trapped_ctx_id,
                                    GrClass,
                                    trapped_address,
                                    DataLow,
                                    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_TRAPPED_DATA_HIGH),
                                    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_PARAMETER_A),
                                    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_PARAMETER_B)     );

                            if (pb_trace_mode==0) debugPrint("Report is accurate only if pb_trace_mode=1 (slower)\n");

                            debugPrint("System halted\n");

                            //calling XReboot() from here doesn't work well.

                            while(1) {
                              Sleep(2000);
                            };
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (status&NV_PGRAPH_INTR_BUFFER_NOTIFY_PENDING)
            {
                while (VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_STATUS)) {};
            }
        }
    }

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FIFO)=NV_PGRAPH_FIFO_ACCESS_ENABLE;

    return VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR);
}


void pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy(void)
{
    DWORD       status;

    while(VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_STATUS)!=NV_PGRAPH_STATUS_NOT_BUSY)
    {
        status=VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_0);
        if (status&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PGRAPH_PENDING) pb_gr_handler();
        if (status&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PCRTC_PENDING) pb_vbl_handler();
    }
}




static void pb_load_gr_ctx(int ctx_id)
{
    DWORD           old_fifo_access;
    DWORD           dummy;
    int         i;

    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)!=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_NOT_PENDING) pb_gr_handler();

    old_fifo_access=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FIFO);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FIFO)=NV_PGRAPH_FIFO_ACCESS_DISABLE;

    pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

    if ((ctx_id!=pb_GrCtxID)&&(ctx_id!=NONE))
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_POINTER)=pb_GrCtxInst[ctx_id]&NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_POINTER_INST;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_STATUS)=NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_STATUS_UNLOADED;

        pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL)=NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL_DEVICE_ENABLED;
    }

    pb_GrCtxID=ctx_id;

    if (ctx_id==NONE)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL)=NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL_DEVICE_ENABLED|NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL_TIME_NOT_EXPIRED;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FFINTFC_ST2)=NV_PGRAPH_FFINTFC_ST2_CHID_STATUS_VALID;

        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FIFO)=old_fifo_access|NV_PGRAPH_FIFO_ACCESS_ENABLE;
    }
    else
    {
        if (pb_3DGrCtxInst[ctx_id])
        {
            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0) =   NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0_IDX_STATE_RESET|
                            NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0_VTX_STATE_RESET|
                            NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0_CAS_STATE_RESET;
            dummy=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0);
            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0)=NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0_NO_RESET;
            dummy=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0);

            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((0x00)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0x3D<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
            for(i=0;i<15;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=0;
        }

        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1)|=NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1_CACHE_INVALIDATE;

        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_USER)=(ctx_id<<24)&NV_PGRAPH_CTX_USER_CHID;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_POINTER)=pb_GrCtxInst[ctx_id]&NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_POINTER_INST;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_STATUS)=NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_STATUS_LOADED;

        pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_USER)=(VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_USER)&~NV_PGRAPH_CTX_USER_CHID)|((ctx_id<<24)&NV_PGRAPH_CTX_USER_CHID);

        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL) =   NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL_TIME_NOT_EXPIRED|
                            NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL_CHID_VALID|
                            NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL_DEVICE_ENABLED;

        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FFINTFC_ST2)&=(NV_PGRAPH_FFINTFC_ST2_CHSWITCH_CLEAR&NV_PGRAPH_FFINTFC_ST2_FIFOHOLD_CLEAR);
    }
}



static DWORD pb_fifo_handler(void)
{
    DWORD       i;
    DWORD       status;
    DWORD       pull;
    DWORD       get_address;
    int     skip_waiting;

    skip_waiting=0;

    status=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0);

    if (status&NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_SEMAPHORE_PENDING)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)=NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_SEMAPHORE_RESET;
    }

    if (status&NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_ACQUIRE_TIMEOUT_PENDING)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)=NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_ACQUIRE_TIMEOUT_RESET;
    }

    status=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0);

    if (status&NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_CACHE_ERROR_PENDING)
    {
        pull=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0);
        get_address=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_GET);  //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_GET_ADDRESS (0x3FC)
        get_address>>=2;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_ALL_DISABLE;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)=NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_CACHE_ERROR_RESET;

        for(i=0;i<65535;i++)
        {
            if ((pull&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_HASH_STATE_BUSY)==0) break;
            pull=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0);
        }

        if (    (pull&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_DEVICE_SOFTWARE)||
            (pull&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_HASH_FAILED)    )
        {
            VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_GET)=((get_address+1)<<2)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_GET_ADDRESS;
        }

        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_HASH)=0;   //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_HASH_INSTANCE
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_ENABLE;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_REASSIGN_ENABLED;
    }

    if (status&NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_DMA_PUSHER_PENDING)
    {
        pb_show_debug_screen();
        debugPrint("Software Put=%08lx\n",(DWORD)pb_Put);
        debugPrint("Hardware Put=%08x\n",VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT));
        debugPrint("Hardware Get=%08x\n",VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET));
        debugPrint("Dma push buffer engine encountered invalid data at these addresses.\n");

        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)=NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_DMA_PUSHER_RESET;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_STATE)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_STATE_METHOD_COUNT_0;

        if (VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT)!=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET))
            VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET)+=(1<<2);
    }

    if (status&NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_DMA_PT_PENDING)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)=NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_DMA_PT_RESET;
    }

    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_STATE_BUSY)
    {
        if ((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS_LOW_MARK_EMPTY)==0)
        do
        {
            if (VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)==NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_NOT_PENDING)
            {
                if (VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)) pb_fifo_handler();

                if (VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_0)&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PCRTC_PENDING) pb_vbl_handler();

                if ((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS_LOW_MARK_EMPTY)==0)
                    continue; //jump to loop start
            }

            if ((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS_LOW_MARK_EMPTY)==0)
            {
                skip_waiting=1;
                break;
            }

        }while(VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS_LOW_MARK_EMPTY);

        if (skip_waiting==0)
        {
            //wait
            while(VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)&NV_PFIFO_CACHES_DMA_SUSPEND_BUSY);
            VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)&=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_STATUS_RUNNING;
        }
    }

    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)==NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_NOT_PENDING)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_ENABLE;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_REASSIGN_ENABLED;
    }

    return VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)|(VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_DEBUG_0)&NV_PFIFO_DEBUG_0_CACHE_ERROR0_PENDING);
}


static void pb_set_fifo_channel(int channel)
{
    DWORD       old_caches,old_push,old_pull,old_channel;

    DWORD       *p;

    DWORD       pending_flags;

    old_caches=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES);
    old_push=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0);
    old_pull=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_ALL_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_DISABLE;

    old_channel=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1_CHID;

    //backup old channel details into PRAMIN area
    p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+pb_FifoFCAddr+old_channel*64);
    *(p+0)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT);   //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT_OFFSET
    *(p+1)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET);   //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET_OFFSET
    *(p+2)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_REF);       //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_REF_CNT
    *(p+3)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_INSTANCE);  //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_INSTANCE_ADDRESS
    *(p+4)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_STATE);
    *(p+5)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH);
    *(p+6)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ENGINE);
    *(p+7)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL1);
    *(p+8)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_2); //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_2_VALUE
    *(p+9)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_1); //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_1_TIMESTAMP
    *(p+10)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_0);    //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_0_TIMEOUT
    *(p+11)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_SEMAPHORE);
    *(p+12)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_SUBROUTINE);

    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1_MODE_DMA)
    {
        pending_flags=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_DMA);
        pending_flags&=~(1<<old_channel);
        if (VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT)!=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET))
            pending_flags|=(1<<old_channel);
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_DMA)=pending_flags;
    }

    //let's switch from old_channel to channel

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1)=channel&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1_CHID;

    if (channel!=1)
    if (pb_FifoChannelsMode&(1<<channel)) //Channel mode was DMA?
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1)|=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1_MODE_DMA;

    //restore channel details from VRAM
    p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+pb_FifoFCAddr+channel*64);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT)=*(p+0);   //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT_OFFSET
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET)=*(p+1);   //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET_OFFSET
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_REF)=*(p+2);       //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_REF_CNT
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_INSTANCE)=*(p+3);  //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_INSTANCE_ADDRESS
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_STATE)=*(p+4);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH)=*(p+5);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ENGINE)=*(p+6);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL1)=*(p+7);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_2)=*(p+8); //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_2_VALUE
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_1)=*(p+9); //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_1_TIMESTAMP
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_0)=*(p+10);    //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ACQUIRE_0_TIMEOUT
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_SEMAPHORE)=*(p+11);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_SUBROUTINE)=*(p+12);

    if (channel!=1)
    if (pb_FifoChannelsMode&(1<<channel)) //Channel mode was DMA?
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_ACCESS_ENABLE;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_TIMESLICE)=NV_PFIFO_TIMESLICE_TIMER_EXPIRED;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=old_pull;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=old_push;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=old_caches;
}





static void __stdcall DPC(PKDPC Dpc, PVOID DeferredContext, PVOID SystemArgument1, PVOID SystemArgument2)
{
    //Deferred Procedure Call (delayed treatment, triggered by ISR)
    //DPCs avoid crashes inside non reentrant user callbacks called by nested ISRs.
    //CAUTION : if you use fpu in DPC you have to save & restore yourself fpu state!!!
    //(fpu=floating point unit, i.e the coprocessor executing floating point opcodes)

    DWORD           more;
    DWORD           status;

    do
    {
        more=0;
        status=VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_0);

        if (status&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PTIMER_PENDING)
        {
            VIDEOREG(NV_PTIMER_INTR_0)=NV_PTIMER_INTR_0_ALARM_RESET;
            more=VIDEOREG(NV_PTIMER_INTR_0);
        }

        if (status&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PCRTC_PENDING) pb_vbl_handler();

        if (status&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PGRAPH_PENDING) more|=pb_gr_handler();

        if (    (VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_DEBUG_0)&NV_PFIFO_DEBUG_0_CACHE_ERROR0_PENDING)||
            (status&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PFIFO_PENDING)    ) more|=pb_fifo_handler();

        if (    (VIDEOREG8(NV_PVIDEO_INTR)&NV_PVIDEO_INTR_BUFFER_0_PENDING)||
            (status&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PVIDEO_PENDING)   ) VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_INTR)=NV_PVIDEO_INTR_BUFFER_0_RESET;
    }while(more);

    VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_EN_0)=NV_PMC_INTR_EN_0_INTA_HARDWARE;

    return;
}

static BOOLEAN __stdcall ISR(PKINTERRUPT Interrupt, PVOID ServiceContext)
{
    //Interruption Service Routine (triggered by interrupt signal IRQ3)
    int         next;

    if (pb_running==0) return FALSE;

    //really, not for us at all
    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_0)==NV_PMC_INTR_0_NOT_PENDING) return FALSE;

    //is it the VBlank event? (if so, proceed screen swapping immediately & in DPC)
    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_0)&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PCRTC_PENDING)
    {
        //Need to show next back buffer to show up? (do it now, it's urgent)
        if (pb_debug_screen_active==0)
        if (pb_BackBufferbReady[pb_BackBufferNxtVBL]==1) VIDEOREG(PCRTC_START)=pb_FBAddr[pb_BackBufferIndex[pb_BackBufferNxtVBL]]&0x03FFFFFF;
    }

    VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_EN_0)=NV_PMC_INTR_EN_0_INTA_DISABLED;

    //handle longer & non urgent stuff later with the Dpc
    KeInsertQueueDpc(&pb_DPCObject,NULL,NULL);

    return TRUE;
}



static int pb_install_gpu_interrupt(void)
{
    int r;
    KIRQL irql;
    ULONG vector;

    vector = HalGetInterruptVector(GPU_IRQ, &irql);

    KeInitializeDpc(&pb_DPCObject,&DPC,NULL);

    KeInitializeInterrupt(&pb_InterruptObject,
                &ISR,
                NULL,
                vector,
                irql,
                LevelSensitive,
                TRUE);

    r=KeConnectInterrupt(&pb_InterruptObject);

    return r;
}

static void pb_uninstall_gpu_interrupt(void)
{
    KeDisconnectInterrupt(&pb_InterruptObject);
}



DWORD pb_wait_until_tiles_not_busy(void)
{
    DWORD old_dma_push;

    while (((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS_LOW_MARK_EMPTY)==0)||
        ((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_RUNOUT_STATUS)&NV_PFIFO_RUNOUT_STATUS_LOW_MARK_EMPTY)==0)||
        ((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_STATE_BUSY)!=0)  )
    {
        pb_fifo_handler();
        if (VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)!=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_NOT_PENDING) pb_gr_handler();
        if (VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_0)&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PCRTC_PENDING) pb_vbl_handler();
    }

    old_dma_push=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    while((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_STATE_BUSY)!=0);

    return old_dma_push;
}


static void pb_release_tile(int index,int clear_offset)
{
    volatile DWORD *pTile;
    volatile DWORD *pZcomp;
    volatile DWORD *p;

    DWORD       addr;
    DWORD       data;

    DWORD       old_dma_push;

    old_dma_push=pb_wait_until_tiles_not_busy();

    //points tile in NV_PFB
    pTile=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PFB_TILE+index*16);

    //points tile in NV_PGRAPH
    p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PGRAPH_TILE_XBOX+index*16);

    //points tile in NV_PGRAPH_RDI(0x10)
    addr=((index*4+0x10)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
    data=0;

    do
    {
        pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

        *(pTile+0)=0;
        *(p+0)=0;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=addr; VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=data;
    }while(*(pTile+0)!=*(p+0));

    //points tile Zcomp in NV_PFB
    pZcomp=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PFB_ZCOMP+index*4);

    //points tile Zcomp in NV_PGRAPH
    p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PGRAPH_ZCOMP_XBOX+index*4);

    //points tile Zcomp in NV_PGRAPH_RDI(0x90)
    addr=((index*4+0x90)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
    data=0;

    *(pZcomp+0)=0;
    *(p+0)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=addr; VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=data;

    if (clear_offset)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_ZCOMP_OFFSET)=0;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_ZCOMP_OFFSET_XBOX)=0;
    }

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)=old_dma_push;
}



void pb_assign_tile(    int tile_index,
                DWORD   tile_addr,
                DWORD   tile_size,
                DWORD   tile_pitch,
                DWORD   tile_z_start_tag,
                DWORD   tile_z_offset,
                DWORD   tile_flags  )
{
    DWORD               old_dma_push;

    DWORD               addr10;
    DWORD               addr30;
    DWORD               addr50;
    DWORD               addr90;

    DWORD               tile_tail;

    DWORD               *pTile;
    DWORD               *pZcomp;
    DWORD               *p;

    DWORD               EncodedZStartTag;
    DWORD               EncodedZOffset;
#ifdef DBG
    if ((tile_addr&0x3fff)||(tile_size&0x3fff)) debugPrint("pb_assign_tile: addr & size not well aligned\n");
#endif
    old_dma_push=pb_wait_until_tiles_not_busy();

    //points at tile in NV_PGRAPH_RDI(0x10(Addr),0x30(Tail) & 0x50(Pitch))
    addr10=((tile_index*4+0x10)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
    addr30=((tile_index*4+0x30)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
    addr50=((tile_index*4+0x50)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);

    tile_tail=tile_addr+tile_size-1;

    //points tile in NV_PFB
    pTile=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PFB_TILE+tile_index*16);

    //points tile in NV_PGRAPH
    p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PGRAPH_TILE_XBOX+tile_index*16);


    do
    {
        pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

        *(pTile+0)=tile_addr|2|(tile_flags&1);
        *(p+0)=tile_addr|2|(tile_flags&1);
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=addr10; VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=tile_addr|2|(tile_flags&1);

        *(pTile+1)=tile_tail;
        *(p+1)=tile_tail;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=addr30; VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=tile_tail;

        *(pTile+2)=tile_pitch;
        *(p+2)=tile_pitch;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=addr50; VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=tile_pitch;
    }
    while   (   (*(pTile+0)!=*(p+0))||
            (((*(pTile+1))&0xFFFFC000)!=((*(p+1))&0xFFFFC000))||
            (*(pTile+2)!=*(p+2))    );

    if (tile_flags&0x80000000)  //Tag in use?
    {
        EncodedZStartTag=(tile_z_start_tag>>2)|0x80000000;

        if (tile_flags&0x04000000) EncodedZStartTag|=0x04000000;

        //points tile Zcomp in NV_PFB
        pZcomp=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PFB_ZCOMP+tile_index*4);

        //points tile Zcomp in NV_PGRAPH
        p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PGRAPH_ZCOMP_XBOX+tile_index*4);

        //points tile Zcomp in NV_PGRAPH_RDI(0x90)
        addr90=((tile_index*4+0x90)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);

        do
        {
            pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

            *(pZcomp+0)=EncodedZStartTag;
            *(p+0)=EncodedZStartTag;
            VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=addr90; VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=EncodedZStartTag;
        }while (*(pZcomp+0)!=*(p+0));

        if (tile_z_offset)
        {
            EncodedZOffset=tile_z_offset|tile_index|0x80000000;

            do
            {
                pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

                VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_ZCOMP_OFFSET)=EncodedZOffset;
                VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_ZCOMP_OFFSET_XBOX)=EncodedZOffset;
            }while(VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_ZCOMP_OFFSET)!=VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_ZCOMP_OFFSET_XBOX));
        }
    }

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)=old_dma_push;
}



static void pb_prepare_tiles(void)
{
    DWORD           *pTile;
    DWORD           *pTlimit;
    DWORD           *pTsize;
    DWORD           *pZcomp;

    DWORD           Tile;
    DWORD           Tlimit;
    DWORD           Tsize;
    DWORD           Zcomp;
    DWORD           Zcomp_offset;
    DWORD           Config0;
    DWORD           Config1;

    DWORD           *p;

    int         i;

    p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PGRAPH_TILE_XBOX);
    pTlimit=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PFB_TLIMIT);
    pTsize=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PFB_TSIZE);
    pTile=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PFB_TILE);

    //Copy 8 Tiles details from NV_PFB to NV_PGRAPH and to NV_PGRAPH_RDI(0x10)
    for(i=0x10;i<0x30;i+=4)
    {
        Tile=*(pTile+0);
        *(p+0)=Tile;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((i+0x00)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=Tile;

        Tlimit=*(pTlimit+0);
        *(p+1)=Tlimit;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((i+0x20)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=Tlimit;

        Tsize=*(pTsize+0);
        *(p+2)=Tsize;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((i+0x40)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=Tsize;

        p+=4; //move 16 bytes forward
        pTile+=4;
        pTlimit+=4;
        pTsize+=4;
    }

    p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PGRAPH_ZCOMP_XBOX);
    pZcomp=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PFB_ZCOMP);

    //Copy 8 Tiles Zcomp from NV_PFB to NV_PGRAPH and to NV_PGRAPH_RDI(0x90)
    for(i=0x90;i<0x110;i+=4)
    {
        Zcomp=*(pZcomp+0);
        *(p+0)=Zcomp;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((i+0x00)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=Tsize;

        p++; //move 4 bytes forward
        pZcomp++;
    }

    //Copy 3 parameters from NV_PFB to NV_PGRAPH and to NV_PGRAPH_RDI(sel 0xEA : 0xC, 0 & 4)

    Zcomp_offset=VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_ZCOMP_OFFSET);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_ZCOMP_OFFSET_XBOX)=Zcomp_offset;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((0x0C)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=Zcomp_offset;

    Config0=VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_CFG0);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CFG0_XBOX)=Config0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((0x00)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=Config0;

    Config1=VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_CFG1);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CFG1_XBOX)=Config1;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX)=((0x04)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_ADDRESS)|((0xEA<<16)&NV_PGRAPH_RDI_INDEX_SELECT);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_RDI_DATA)=Config1;
}



static void pb_create_dma_ctx(  DWORD ChannelID,
                DWORD Class,
                DWORD Base,
                DWORD Limit,
                struct s_CtxDma *pDmaObject )
{
    DWORD           Addr;
    DWORD           AddrSpace;
    DWORD           Inst;
    DWORD           dma_flags;

    Addr=0;
    AddrSpace=0;

    if ((Base&0xF0000000)!=0x80000000)
    {
        Addr=Base;
        AddrSpace=ADDR_FBMEM;
    }
    else
    {
        Addr=Base&0x03FFFFFF;
        AddrSpace=ADDR_SYSMEM;
    }

    Inst=pb_FreeInst; pb_FreeInst+=1; //reserve 1 block (16 bytes)

    dma_flags=Class;
    dma_flags|=0x00003000;
    if (AddrSpace==ADDR_AGPMEM) dma_flags|=0x00030000;
    if (AddrSpace==ADDR_SYSMEM) dma_flags|=0x00020000;
    dma_flags|=0x00008000;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x08)=Addr|3;  //0x00000003|Addr
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x0C)=Addr|3;  //0x00000003|Addr
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x00)=dma_flags;   //0x???sB0cl ???=Addr&0xFFF
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x04)=Limit;   //0x03FFAFFF (MAXRAM)

    memset(pDmaObject,0,sizeof(struct s_CtxDma));

    pDmaObject->ChannelID=ChannelID;
    pDmaObject->Inst=Inst;
    pDmaObject->Class=Class;
    pDmaObject->isGr=0;
}




static void pb_bind_channel(struct s_CtxDma *pCtxDmaObject)
{
    DWORD       entry;
    DWORD       *p;

    //entry in hash table
    entry=(((pCtxDmaObject->ChannelID>>11)^pCtxDmaObject->ChannelID)>>11)^pCtxDmaObject->ChannelID;

    //entry*8 max valid value is 0x1000

    //points at entry in hash table (table element size is 8 bytes = 2 dwords)
    p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+pb_FifoHTAddr+entry*8);

    *(p+0)= pCtxDmaObject->ChannelID;
    *(p+1)= (0x80000000)|
        (pb_FifoChannelID<<24)|
        (pCtxDmaObject->isGr<<16)|
        (pCtxDmaObject->Inst&0xFFFF);
}



static void pb_3D_init(void)
{
    DWORD           Inst;

    int             channel;

    int         i;

    DWORD           offset;

    DWORD           offset_cmn;

    DWORD           offset_pipe;

    DWORD           offset_4dwords;

    DWORD           offset_20dwords;

    //Initialization of 3 big structures in PRAMIN area
    //At offset 0x0000 size=0x231C bytes=0x1A9C+0x0880
    //At offset 0x231C size=0x0C00 bytes
    //At offset 0x2F1C size=0x0784 bytes
    //Padding 4 dwords (at offset 0x36A0 size=0x0010 bytes?)

    channel=pb_FifoChannelID;

    Inst=pb_GrCtxInst[channel];

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x000)|=1;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x33C)=0xFFFF0000;
    for(i=0x340;i<=0x39C;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x3A0)=0x0FFF0000;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x3A4)=0x0FFF0000;
    for(i=0x3A8;i<=0x478;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x47C)=0x00000101;
    for(i=0x480;i<=0x48C;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x490)=0x00000111;
    for(i=0x494;i<=0x4A4;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x4A8)=0x44400000;
    for(i=0x4AC;i<=0x4D0;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    for(i=0x4D4;i<=0x4E0;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0x00030303;
    for(i=0x4E4;i<=0x4F0;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    for(i=0x4F4;i<=0x500;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0x00080000;
    for(i=0x504;i<=0x508;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    for(i=0x50C;i<=0x518;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0x01012000;
    for(i=0x51C;i<=0x528;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0x000105B8;
    for(i=0x52C;i<=0x538;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0x00080008;
    for(i=0x53C;i<=0x558;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    for(i=0x55C;i<=0x578;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0x07FF0000; //8 dwords
    for(i=0x57C;i<=0x598;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0x07FF0000; //8 dwords
    for(i=0x59C;i<=0x5A0;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x5A4)=0x4B7FFFFF;
    for(i=0x5A8;i<=0x5F8;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x5FC)=0x00000001;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x600)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x604)=0x00004000;
    for(i=0x608;i<=0x60C;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x610)=0x00000001;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x614)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x618)=0x00040000;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x61C)=0x00010000;
    for(i=0x620;i<=0x628;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;
    for(i=0x62C;i<=0x6B4;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;   //35 dwords
    for(i=0x6B8;i<=0x728;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;   //26 dwords
    for(i=0x72C;i<=0x79C;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;   //26 dwords
    for(i=0x7A0;i<=0x810;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;   //26 dwords
    for(i=0x814;i<=0x818;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;   //2 dwords
    for(i=0x81C;i<=0xA18;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;   //128 dwords
    for(i=0xA1C;i<=0xC18;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;   //128 dwords
    for(i=0xC1C;i<=0xE18;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;   //128 dwords
    for(i=0xE1C;i<=0x1018;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0;  //128 dwords
    for(i=0x101C;i<=0x1318;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0; //192 dwords
    for(i=0x131C;i<=0x1A98;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+i)=0; //224 dwords

    offset=0x1A9C/4;    //number of dwords initialized so far = 0x6A7

    for(i=0;i<0x88;i++) //136 blocks (unit=16 bytes=4 dwords)
    {
        VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*16+0x00)=0x10700FF9;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*16+0x04)=0x0436086C;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*16+0x08)=0x000C001B;
        VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*16+0x0C)=0;
        offset+=4;
    }

    offset_cmn=offset;  //0x231C/4

    for(i=0;i<0x300;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//768 dwords
    offset+=0x300;  //0xC00 bytes

    offset_pipe=offset; //0x2F1C/4

    for(i=0;i<0x68;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//104 dwords
    offset+=0x68;
    for(i=0;i<0xD0;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//208 dwords
    offset+=0xD0;
    offset_4dwords=offset;

    for(i=0;i<0x04;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//004 dwords
    offset+=0x04;
    offset_20dwords=offset;
    for(i=0;i<0x14;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//020 dwords
    offset+=0x14;
    for(i=0;i<0x0F;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//015 dwords
    offset+=0x0F;

    for(i=0;i<0x0E;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//014 dwords
    offset+=0x0E;
    for(i=0;i<0x44;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//068 dwords
    offset+=0x44;
    for(i=0;i<0x20;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//032 dwords
    offset+=0x20;
    for(i=0;i<0x0F;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4+i*4)=0;//015 dwords
    offset+=0x0F;

    //total: +0x1E0
    //theoretically, offset=0x369C/4=0xDA7

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset*4)=0;
    offset++;

    //total: +0x1E1
    //theoretically, offset=0x36A0/4=0xDA8

    //Padding : 4 dwords?

    //total: +0x1E5
    //theoretically, offset=0x36B0/4=0xDAC

#ifdef DBG
    if (offset+4!=0x36B0/4) debugPrint("pb_3D_init: bad final value for offset\n");
#endif
    //floating point post-initializations in cmn structure

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x380)=0x3F800000; //1.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x384)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x388)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x38C)=0x00000000; //0.0f

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3C0)=0x40000000; //2.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3C4)=0x3F800000; //1.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3C8)=0x3F000000; //0.5f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3CC)=0x00000000; //0.0f

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3D0)=0x40000000; //2.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3D4)=0x3F800000; //1.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3D8)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3DC)=0xBF800000; //-1.0f

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3E0)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3E4)=0xBF800000; //-1.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3E8)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3EC)=0x00000000; //0.0f

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x390)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x394)=0x3F800000; //1.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x398)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x39C)=0x00000000; //0.0f

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3F0)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3F4)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3F8)=0x00000000; //0.0f
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_cmn*4+0x3FC)=0x00000000; //0.0f

    //post-initializations in pipe structure

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x160)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x164)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x168)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x16C)=0;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x100)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x104)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x108)=0x000FE000;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x10C)=0;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x110)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x114)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x118)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x11C)=0;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x130)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x134)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x138)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x13C)=0;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x180)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x184)=0x000003F8;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x188)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_pipe*4+0x18C)=0;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_4dwords*4)=0x002FE000;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_20dwords*4+0x010)=0x001C527C;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_20dwords*4+0x014)=0x001C527C;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_20dwords*4+0x018)=0x001C527C;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_20dwords*4+0x01C)=0x001C527C;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_20dwords*4+0x020)=0x001C527C;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_20dwords*4+0x024)=0x001C527C;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_20dwords*4+0x028)=0x001C527C;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+offset_20dwords*4+0x02C)=0x001C527C;

#ifdef DBG
    //at this point pb_GrCtxID and pb_FifoChannelID must be different
    //debugPrint("pb_3D_init: gr=%d fifo=%d\n",pb_GrCtxID,pb_FifoChannelID);
#endif
}





static void pb_create_gr_ctx(   int ChannelID,
                int Class,
                struct s_CtxDma *pGrObject  )
{
    DWORD           flags;
    DWORD           flags3D;

    int         size;

    DWORD           Inst;

    flags3D=0;

    if (    (Class!=GR_CLASS_30)&&
        (Class!=GR_CLASS_39)&&
        (Class!=GR_CLASS_62)&&
        (Class!=GR_CLASS_97)&&
        (Class!=GR_CLASS_9F)    )
    {
        //"CreateGrObject invalid class number"
        size=Class;
    }
    else
    {
        size=16;        //16 bytes
        if (Class==GR_CLASS_97)
        {
            size=0x330; //816 bytes
            flags3D=1;
        }
    }

    Inst=pb_FreeInst; pb_FreeInst+=(size>>4);

    if (flags3D)
    {
        pb_3DGrCtxInst[pb_FifoChannelID]=Inst;
        pb_3D_init();
    }


    flags=Class&0x000000FF;
    flags3D=0x00000000;

    if (Class==GR_CLASS_39) flags|=0x01000000;

    if (Class==GR_CLASS_97) flags3D=0x00000A00;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x00)=flags;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x04)=flags3D;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x08)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(Inst<<4)+0x0C)=0;


    memset(pGrObject,0,sizeof(struct s_CtxDma));

    pGrObject->ChannelID=ChannelID;
    pGrObject->Class=Class;
    pGrObject->isGr=1;
    pGrObject->Inst=Inst;
}


static void pb_start(void)
{
    if (pb_disable_gpu==0) //do we really want to send data to GPU?
    {
        //asks push buffer Dma engine to detect incoming Dma data (written at pb_Put)

        pb_cache_flush();
        *(pb_DmaUserAddr+0x40/4)=((DWORD)pb_Put)&0x03FFFFFF;
        //from now any write will be detected

#ifdef DBG
        if ((*(pb_DmaUserAddr+0x44/4))>0x04000000)
        {
            debugPrint("pb_start: wrong GetAddr\n");
            return;
        }
#endif
    }
}




static void pb_jump_to_head(void)
{
    //Have Dma engine pointer point at push buffer head again.
    //(so we don't run into the tail of push buffer)
    //The best method would be to call this once per frame since it costs time.
    //Of course, avoid writing more data than push buffer size in 1 frame time.
    //If it happens you will get a message suggesting to call pb_reset more often
    //or to enlarge push buffer (with pb_size, before calling pb_init).
    //Default size is 512Kb (128*1024 dwords)

    uint32_t        *pGetAddr;

    DWORD           TimeStampTicks;

#ifdef DBG
    if (pb_BeginEndPair)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_reset musn't be called inside a begin-end block.\n");
        return;
    }
#endif

    //writes a jump command
    //forces GPU to jump at push buffer head address at next fetch
    *(pb_Put+0)=1+(((DWORD)pb_Head)&0x0FFFFFFF);
    pb_Put=pb_Head;
    pb_start();

    TimeStampTicks=KeTickCount;

    //wait for arrival of Gpu Get to push buffer head
    do
    {
        if ((*(pb_DmaUserAddr+0x44/4))>0x04000000)
        {
#ifdef DBG
            debugPrint("pb_reset: bad getaddr\n");
#endif
            return;
        }


        if (KeTickCount-TimeStampTicks>TICKSTIMEOUT)
        {
            debugPrint("pb_reset: too long\n");
            break;
        }

        //converts physical address into virtual address
        pGetAddr=(uint32_t *)((*(pb_DmaUserAddr+0x44/4))|0x80000000);
    }while (pGetAddr!=pb_Head);

}








//public functions

int pb_busy(void)
{
    DWORD           PutAddr;
    DWORD           GetAddr;

    GetAddr=*(pb_DmaUserAddr+0x44/4);
#ifdef DBG
    if (GetAddr>0x04000000)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_busy: wrong GetAddr\n");
        return 0;
    }
#endif
    PutAddr=(DWORD)pb_Put;

    if ((GetAddr^PutAddr)&0x0FFFFFFF) return 1; //means different addresses

    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_STATUS)) return 1;

    return 0;
}

DWORD pb_back_buffer_width(void)
{
    return  pb_FrameBuffersWidth;
}

DWORD pb_back_buffer_height(void)
{
    return pb_FrameBuffersHeight;
}

DWORD pb_back_buffer_pitch(void)
{
    return pb_FrameBuffersPitch;
}

DWORD *pb_back_buffer(void)
{
    return (DWORD *)pb_FBAddr[pb_back_index];
}

DWORD *pb_extra_buffer(int buffer_index)
{
    if (buffer_index>=pb_ExtraBuffersCount)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_extra_buffer: buffer index out of range\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    return (DWORD *)pb_EXAddr[buffer_index];
}


static void set_draw_buffer(DWORD buffer_addr)
{
    uint32_t        *p;

    DWORD           width;
    DWORD           height;
    DWORD           pitch;
    DWORD           pitch_depth_stencil;

    DWORD           dma_flags;
    DWORD           dma_addr;
    DWORD           dma_limit;

    int         flag;
    int         depth_stencil;

    width=pb_FrameBuffersWidth;
    height=pb_FrameBuffersHeight;
    pitch=pb_FrameBuffersPitch;
    pitch_depth_stencil=pb_DepthStencilPitch;

    //DMA channel 9 is used by GPU in order to render pixels
    dma_addr=buffer_addr;
    dma_limit=height*pitch-1; //(last byte)
    dma_flags=DMA_CLASS_3D|0x0000B000;
    dma_addr|=3;

    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_WAIT_MAKESPACE,0);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID9Inst<<4)+0x08,dma_addr); //set params addr,data
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER); //calls subprogID PB_SETOUTER: does VIDEOREG(addr)=data
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID9Inst<<4)+0x0C,dma_addr);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID9Inst<<4)+0x00,dma_flags);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID9Inst<<4)+0x04,dma_limit);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT3,9);
    pb_end(p);

    //DMA channel 11 is used by GPU in order to bitblt images
    dma_addr=buffer_addr;
    dma_limit=height*pitch-1; //(last byte)
    dma_flags=DMA_CLASS_3D|0x0000B000;
    dma_addr|=3;

    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_WAIT_MAKESPACE,0);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID11Inst<<4)+0x08,dma_addr); //set params addr,data
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER); //calls subprogID PB_SETOUTER: does VIDEOREG(addr)=data
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID11Inst<<4)+0x0C,dma_addr);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID11Inst<<4)+0x00,dma_flags);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID11Inst<<4)+0x04,dma_limit);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
    p=pb_push1_to(SUBCH_4,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT2,11);
    pb_end(p);

    depth_stencil=1;

    if (depth_stencil != -1 && pb_DepthStencilLast != depth_stencil) // stencil changed?
    {
        //DMA channel 10 is used by GPU in order to render depth stencil
        if (depth_stencil)
        {
            dma_addr=pb_DSAddr&0x03FFFFFF;
            dma_limit=height*pitch_depth_stencil-1; //(last byte)
            dma_flags=DMA_CLASS_3D|0x0000B000;
            dma_addr|=3;
            flag=1;
        }
        else
        {
            dma_addr=0;
            dma_limit=0;
            dma_flags=DMA_CLASS_3D|0x0000B000;
            dma_addr|=3;
            flag=0;
            pitch_depth_stencil=pitch;
        }

        p=pb_begin();
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_WAIT_MAKESPACE,0);
        p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID10Inst<<4)+0x08,dma_addr); //set params addr,data
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER); //calls subprogID PB_SETOUTER: does VIDEOREG(addr)=data
        p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID10Inst<<4)+0x0C,dma_addr);
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
        p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID10Inst<<4)+0x00,dma_flags);
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
        p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PRAMIN+(pb_DmaChID10Inst<<4)+0x04,dma_limit);
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER);
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT4,10);
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_DEPTH_TEST_ENABLE,flag); //ZEnable=TRUE or FALSE (But don't use W, see below)
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STENCIL_ENABLE,1);   //StencilEnable=TRUE
        pb_end(p);

        pb_DepthStencilLast=depth_stencil;
    }

    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push3(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_BUFFER_PITCH,(pitch_depth_stencil<<16)|(pitch&0xFFFF),0,0);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VIEWPORT_HORIZ,width<<16,height<<16);
    //Default (0x00100001)
    //We use W (0x00010000)
    //We don't enable YUV (0x10000000)
    //We don't use floating point depth (0x00001000)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_W_YUV_FPZ_FLAGS,0x00110001);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_BUFFER_FORMAT,pb_GPUFrameBuffersFormat|pb_FBVFlag);
    pb_end(p);
}


void pb_target_back_buffer(void)
{
    set_draw_buffer(pb_FBAddr[pb_back_index]&0x03FFFFFF);
}

void pb_target_extra_buffer(int buffer_index)
{
    if (buffer_index>=pb_ExtraBuffersCount)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_target_extra_buffer: buffer index out of range\n");
        return;
    }

    set_draw_buffer(pb_EXAddr[buffer_index]&0x03FFFFFF);
}

DWORD pb_get_vbl_counter(void)
{
    return pb_vbl_counter; //allows caller to know if a frame has been missed
}


DWORD pb_wait_for_vbl(void)
{
    NtWaitForSingleObject(pb_VBlankEvent, FALSE, NULL);
    return pb_vbl_counter; //allows caller to know if a frame has been missed
}


void pb_print(const char *format, ...)
{
    char    buffer[512];
    int     i;

    va_list argList;
    va_start(argList, format);
    vsprintf(buffer, format, argList);
    va_end(argList);

    for(i=0;i<strlen(buffer);i++) pb_print_char(buffer[i]);
}

void pb_printat(int row, int col, char *format, ...)
{
    char    buffer[512];
    int     i;

    if ((row>=0)&&(row<ROWS)) pb_next_row=row;
    if ((col>=0)&&(col<COLS)) pb_next_col=col;

    va_list argList;
    va_start(argList, format);
    vsprintf(buffer, format, argList);
    va_end(argList);

    for(i=0;i<strlen(buffer);i++) pb_print_char(buffer[i]);
}



void pb_erase_text_screen(void)
{
    pb_next_row=0;
    pb_next_col=0;
    memset(pb_text_screen,0,sizeof(pb_text_screen));
}

void pb_draw_text_screen(void)
{
    int i,j,k,l,m,x1,x2,y;
    unsigned char c;

    for(i=0;i<ROWS;i++)
    for(j=0;j<COLS;j++)
    {
        c=pb_text_screen[i][j];
        if ((c==' ')||(c=='\t')) pb_text_screen[i][j]=0;
    }

    //convert pb_text_screen characters into push buffer commands
    //TODO: replace rectangle fill with texture copy when available!
    for(i=0;i<ROWS;i++)
    for(j=0;j<COLS;j++)
    {
        c=pb_text_screen[i][j];
        if (c)
        {
            for(l=0,x1=-1,x2=-1;l<8;l++,x1=-1,x2=-1)
            for(k=0,m=0x80;k<8;k++,m>>=1)
            if (systemFont[c*8+l]&m)
            {
                if (x1>=0)
                    x2=20+j*10+k;
                else
                    x1=20+j*10+k;
            }
            else
            {
                if (x2>=0)
                {
                    y=25+i*25+l*2;
                    pb_fill(x1,y,x2-x1+1,2,0xFFFFFF);
                    x1=x2=-1;
                }
                else
                if (x1>=0)
                {
                    y=25+i*25+l*2;
                    pb_fill(x1,y,1,2,0xFFFFFF);
                    x1=-1;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}


void pb_extra_buffers(int n)
{
    if (n>MAX_EXTRA_BUFFERS)
        debugPrint("Too many extra buffers\n");
    else
        pb_ExtraBuffersCount=n;
}

void pb_size(DWORD size)
{
    if (pb_running)
        debugPrint("Can't set size while push buffer Dma engine is running.\n");
    else
    {
        if (size<64*1024)
            debugPrint("Push buffer size must be equal or larger than 64Kb.\n");
        else
        if ((size-1)&size)
            debugPrint("Push buffer size must be a power of 2.\n");
        else
        pb_Size=size;
    }
}


void pb_reset(void)
{
    pb_jump_to_head();
}


uint32_t *pb_begin(void)
{
#ifdef DBG
    if (pb_Put>=pb_Tail) debugPrint("ERROR! Push buffer overflow! Use pb_reset more often or enlarge push buffer!\n");

    if (pb_BeginEndPair==1) debugPrint("pb_begin without a pb_end earlier\n");
    pb_BeginEndPair=1;
    pb_PushIndex=0;
    pb_PushNext=pb_Put;
    pb_PushStart=pb_Put;
#endif
    return pb_Put;
}

#ifdef LOG
static FILE *fd;
static int logging=0;


void pb_start_log(void)
{
    if (logging) return;

    logging=1;

    fd=fopen("pbkit_record.txt","w");
}

void pb_stop_log(void)
{
    if (logging==0) return;

    logging=0;
    fclose(fd);
}
#endif


void pb_end(uint32_t *pEnd)
{
    DWORD           TimeStamp1;
    DWORD           TimeStamp2;

    int         i;

#ifdef LOG
    uint32_t    *p;
    int         n;

    if (logging)
    {
        p=pb_PushStart;
        while (p!=pEnd)
        {
            n=(*p>>18)&0x7FF;
            fprintf(fd,"0x%08x, ",*(p++));
            for(i=0;i<n;i++) fprintf(fd,"0x%x, ",*(p++));
            fprintf(fd,"\n");
        }

    }
#endif

#ifdef DBG
    if (pEnd!=pb_PushNext)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_end: input pointer invalid or not following previous write addresses\n");
        assert(false);
    }
    if (pb_BeginEndPair==0)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_end without a pb_begin\n");
        assert(false);
    }
    pb_BeginEndPair=0;
#endif

    pb_Put=pEnd;

    pb_start(); //start (or continue) reading and sending data to GPU

    if (pb_trace_mode) //do we want to wait until block data has been sent (for debugging GPU errors)?
    {

        TimeStamp1=KeTickCount;

        //wait until all begin-end block has been sent to GPU
        while(pb_busy())
        {
            TimeStamp2=KeTickCount;
            if (TimeStamp2-TimeStamp1>TICKSTIMEOUT)
            {
                debugPrint("pb_end: Busy for too long (%lu) (%08x)\n",
                    ((DWORD)(pb_Put)-(DWORD)(pb_Head)),
                    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET)
                    );
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}


void pb_push_to(DWORD subchannel, uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD nparam)
{
#ifdef DBG
    if (p!=pb_PushNext)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_push_to: new write address invalid or not following previous write addresses\n");
        assert(false);
    }
    if (pb_BeginEndPair==0)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_push_to: missing pb_begin earlier\n");
        assert(false);
    }
    pb_PushIndex += 1 + nparam;
    pb_PushNext += 1 + nparam;
    if (pb_PushIndex>128)
    {
        debugPrint("pb_push_to: begin-end block musn't exceed 128 dwords\n");
        assert(false);
    }
#endif

    *(p+0)=EncodeMethod(subchannel,command,nparam);
}

uint32_t *pb_push1_to(DWORD subchannel, uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD param1)
{
    pb_push_to(subchannel,p,command,1);
    *(p+1)=param1;
    return p+2;
}

uint32_t *pb_push2_to(DWORD subchannel, uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD param1, DWORD param2)
{
    pb_push_to(subchannel,p,command,2);
    *(p+1)=param1;
    *(p+2)=param2;
    return p+3;
}

uint32_t *pb_push3_to(DWORD subchannel, uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD param1, DWORD param2, DWORD param3)
{
    pb_push_to(subchannel,p,command,3);
    *(p+1)=param1;
    *(p+2)=param2;
    *(p+3)=param3;
    return p+4;
}

uint32_t *pb_push4_to(DWORD subchannel, uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD param1, DWORD param2, DWORD param3, DWORD param4)
{
    pb_push_to(subchannel,p,command,4);
    *(p+1)=param1;
    *(p+2)=param2;
    *(p+3)=param3;
    *(p+4)=param4;
    return p+5;
}

uint32_t *pb_push4f_to(DWORD subchannel, uint32_t *p, DWORD command, float param1, float param2, float param3, float param4)
{
    pb_push_to(subchannel,p,command,4);
    *((float *)(p+1))=param1;
    *((float *)(p+2))=param2;
    *((float *)(p+3))=param3;
    *((float *)(p+4))=param4;
    return p+5;
}

void pb_push(uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD nparam)
{
    pb_push_to(SUBCH_3D,p,command,nparam);
}

uint32_t *pb_push1(uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD param1)
{
    return pb_push1_to(SUBCH_3D,p,command,param1);
}

uint32_t *pb_push2(uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD param1, DWORD param2)
{
    return pb_push2_to(SUBCH_3D,p,command,param1,param2);
}

uint32_t *pb_push3(uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD param1, DWORD param2, DWORD param3)
{
    return pb_push3_to(SUBCH_3D,p,command,param1,param2,param3);
}

uint32_t *pb_push4(uint32_t *p, DWORD command, DWORD param1, DWORD param2, DWORD param3, DWORD param4)
{
    return pb_push4_to(SUBCH_3D,p,command,param1,param2,param3,param4);
}

uint32_t *pb_push4f(uint32_t *p, DWORD command, float param1, float param2, float param3, float param4)
{
    return pb_push4f_to(SUBCH_3D,p,command,param1,param2,param3,param4);
}

uint32_t *pb_push_transposed_matrix(uint32_t *p, DWORD command, float *m)
{
    pb_push_to(SUBCH_3D,p++,command,16);

    *((float *)p++)=m[_11];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_21];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_31];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_41];

    *((float *)p++)=m[_12];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_22];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_32];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_42];

    *((float *)p++)=m[_13];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_23];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_33];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_43];

    *((float *)p++)=m[_14];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_24];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_34];
    *((float *)p++)=m[_44];

    return p;
}



void pb_show_front_screen(void)
{
    VIDEOREG(PCRTC_START)=pb_FBAddr[pb_front_index]&0x03FFFFFF;
    pb_debug_screen_active=0;
}

void pb_show_debug_screen(void)
{
    VIDEOREG(PCRTC_START)=((DWORD)XVideoGetFB())&0x0FFFFFFF;
    pb_debug_screen_active=1;
}

void pb_show_depth_screen(void)
{
    VIDEOREG(PCRTC_START)=pb_DSAddr&0x0FFFFFFF;
    pb_debug_screen_active=1;
}







void pb_set_viewport(int dwx,int dwy,int width,int height,float zmin,float zmax)
{
    uint32_t        *p;
    DWORD           dwzminscaled;
    DWORD           dwzmaxscaled;
    float           x,y,w,h;

    if (dwx<0) dwx=0;
    if (dwy<0) dwy=0;
    if (dwx+width>pb_FrameBuffersWidth) width=pb_FrameBuffersWidth-dwx;
    if (dwy+height>pb_FrameBuffersHeight) height=pb_FrameBuffersHeight-dwy;

    pb_Viewport_x=dwx;
    pb_Viewport_y=dwy;
    pb_Viewport_width=width;
    pb_Viewport_height=height;
    pb_Viewport_zmin=zmin;
    pb_Viewport_zmax=zmax;

    x=0.53125f+(float)dwx;
    y=0.53125f+(float)dwy;
    w=0.5f*((float)pb_Viewport_width);
    h=-0.5f*((float)pb_Viewport_height);
    *((float *)&dwzminscaled)=zmin*pb_ZScale;
    *((float *)&dwzmaxscaled)=zmax*pb_ZScale;
/*
    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push4f(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VIEWPORT_OX,x+0.53125f,y+0.53125f,0.0f,0.0f);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_DEPTH_RANGE_NEAR,dwzminscaled,dwzmaxscaled);
    pb_end(p);
*/
    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push4f(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VIEWPORT_OX,x+w,y-h,zmin*pb_ZScale,0.0f);
    p=pb_push4f(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VIEWPORT_PX_DIV2,w,h,(zmax-zmin)*pb_ZScale,0.0f);
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_DEPTH_RANGE_NEAR,dwzminscaled,dwzmaxscaled);
    pb_end(p);
}



void pb_fill(int x, int y, int w, int h, DWORD color)
{
    uint32_t    *p;

    int     x1,y1,x2,y2;

    x1=x;
    y1=y;
    x2=x+w;
    y2=y+h;

    switch(pb_ColorFmt) {
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_X1R5G5B5_Z1R5G5B5:
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_X1R5G5B5_O1R5G5B5:
        color=((color>>16)&0x8000)|((color>>7)&0x7C00)|((color>>5)&0x03E0)|((color>>3)&0x001F);
        break;
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_R5G6B5:
        color=((color>>8)&0xF800)|((color>>5)&0x07E0)|((color>>3)&0x001F);
        break;
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_A8R8G8B8:
        // Nothing to do, input is A8R8G8B8
        break;
    default:
        assert(false);
        break;
    }

    p=pb_begin();
    pb_push(p++,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLEAR_VALUE_HORIZ,2);     //sets rectangle coordinates
    *(p++)=((x2-1)<<16)|x1;
    *(p++)=((y2-1)<<16)|y1;
    pb_push(p++,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLEAR_VALUE_DEPTH,3);     //sets data used to fill in rectangle
    *(p++)=0;           //(depth<<8)|stencil
    *(p++)=color;           //color
    *(p++)=0xF0;            //triggers the HW rectangle fill (0x03 for D&S)
    pb_end(p);
}





//ALWAYS use this at beginning of frame or you may lose one third of performance because
//automatic compression algorithm for tile #1 can't afford any garbage left behind...
//Also, try to draw from closest distance to farest distance to help algorithm
//Depth is set to max and stencil is set to 0. We assume D24S8 format is used.
//Implies that depth test function is set to "less or equal"
void pb_erase_depth_stencil_buffer(int x, int y, int w, int h)
{
    uint32_t    *p;

    int     x1,y1,x2,y2;

    x1=x;
    y1=y;
    x2=x+w;
    y2=y+h;

    p=pb_begin();
    pb_push(p++,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLEAR_VALUE_HORIZ,2);     //sets rectangle coordinates
    *(p++)=((x2-1)<<16)|x1;
    *(p++)=((y2-1)<<16)|y1;
    pb_push(p++,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLEAR_VALUE_DEPTH,3);     //sets data used to fill in rectangle
    *(p++)=0xffffff00;      //(depth<<8)|stencil
    *(p++)=0;           //color
    *(p++)=0x03;            //triggers the HW rectangle fill (only on D&S)
    pb_end(p);
}




//returns 1 if we have to retry later (means no free buffer, draw more details next time)
int pb_finished(void)
{
    uint32_t        *p;

    if (pb_BackBufferbReady[pb_BackBufferNxt]) return 1; //table is full, retry later

    //insert in push buffer the commands to trigger screen swapping at next VBlank
    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_ASK_FOR_IDLE,0); //ask for idle
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_NOP,0); //wait for idle
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_WAIT_MAKESPACE,0); //wait/makespace (obtains null status)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,pb_back_index); //set param=back buffer index to show up
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_FINISHED); //subprogID PB_FINISHED: gets frame ready to show up soon
//  p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STALL_PIPELINE,0); //stall gpu pipeline (not sure it's needed in triple buffering technic)
    pb_end(p);

    //insert in push buffer the commands to trigger selection of next back buffer
    //(because previous ones may not have finished yet, so need to use 0x0100 call)
    pb_back_index=(pb_back_index+1)%3;
    pb_target_back_buffer();

    return 0;
}




void pb_kill(void)
{
    void            *pSavedData;
    int         i;
    DWORD           old_caches,old_push,old_pull;
    DWORD           *p;

    DWORD           TimeStampTicks;

    int         counter;

    HalRegisterShutdownNotification(&pb_shutdown_registration, FALSE);

#ifdef DBG
//  debugPrint("Waiting until Dma is not busy\n");
#endif
    if (pb_Put)
    {
        pb_start();
        pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

        *(pb_Put)=(((DWORD)pb_Head)&0x0FFFFFFF)+1; //writes a jump to push buffer head
        pb_Put=pb_Head;
        pb_start();

        TimeStampTicks=KeTickCount;

        while(1)
        {
            if ((*(pb_DmaUserAddr+0x44/4))>0x04000000)
            {
                debugPrint("pb_kill: Bad get addr\n");
                break;
            }

            //did GetAddr reach push buffer head as planned?
            if (((*(pb_DmaUserAddr+0x44/4))&0x0FFFFFFF)==(((DWORD)pb_Head)&0x0FFFFFFF)) break;

            if (KeTickCount-TimeStampTicks>TICKSTIMEOUT)
            {
                debugPrint("pb_kill: Dma busy for too long\n");
                break;
            }
        }
    }
#ifdef DBG
//  if (KeTickCount-TimeStampTicks<=TICKSTIMEOUT) debugPrint("Dma not busy. All is ok.\n");
#endif

    //wait until screen swapping is finished (if one is on its way)
    while(pb_BackBufferbReady[pb_BackBufferNxt]);

    pb_running=0;

    if (pb_ExtraBuffersCount) MmFreeContiguousMemory((PVOID)pb_EXAddr[0]);
    if (pb_DepthStencilAddr) MmFreeContiguousMemory((PVOID)pb_DepthStencilAddr);
    if (pb_FrameBuffersAddr) MmFreeContiguousMemory((PVOID)pb_FrameBuffersAddr);

    if (pb_DmaBuffer8) MmFreeContiguousMemory(pb_DmaBuffer8);
    if (pb_DmaBuffer2) MmFreeContiguousMemory(pb_DmaBuffer2);
    if (pb_DmaBuffer7) MmFreeContiguousMemory(pb_DmaBuffer7);

    if (pb_Head) MmFreeContiguousMemory(pb_Head);


    //eventually restore a previously saved video mode

    pSavedData=AvGetSavedDataAddress();
    if (pSavedData==0) AvSendTVEncoderOption((PVOID)VIDEO_BASE,VIDEO_ENC_VIDEOENABLE,1,NULL);


    //restore system completely

    for(i=0;i<8;i++) pb_release_tile(i,1);

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_DMA_TIMESLICE)=NV_PFIFO_DMA_TIMESLICE_ALL_DISABLE;

    while ( ((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_STATUS_LOW_MARK_EMPTY)==0)||
        ((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_RUNOUT_STATUS)&NV_PFIFO_RUNOUT_STATUS_LOW_MARK_EMPTY)==0)||
        ((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_STATE_BUSY)!=0)  )
    {
        pb_fifo_handler();
        if (VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)!=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_NOT_PENDING) pb_gr_handler();
        if (VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_0)&NV_PMC_INTR_0_PCRTC_PENDING) pb_vbl_handler();
    }

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    while((VIDEOREG8(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_STATE_BUSY)!=0);

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_ALL_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_PUSH0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_PULL0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_DISABLE;

    pb_set_fifo_channel(1);

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUT)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_GET)=0;

    old_caches=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES);
    old_push=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0);
    old_pull=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_ALL_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_DISABLE;

    //Neutralize DMA (for channels 0 and 1)
    for(i=0;i<2;i++)
    {
        if (pb_FifoChannelsReady) //any active channel?
        {
            p=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+pb_FifoFCAddr+i*64);
            *(p+1)=*(p+0);  //DMA_GET=DMA_PUT
            *(p+4)=0;   //DMA_STATE=0
        }
    }

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=old_pull;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=old_push;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=old_caches;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_DMA)=NV_PFIFO_DMA_NOT_PENDING;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_EN_0)=NV_PFIFO_INTR_EN_0_ALL_DISABLE;

    pb_load_gr_ctx(NONE);

    //restore most essential outer registers
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_CFG0)=pb_OldFBConfig0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_CFG1)=pb_OldFBConfig1;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_ENABLE)=pb_OldMCEnable;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_EN_0)=pb_OldMCInterrupt;
    VIDEOREG(PCRTC_START)=pb_OldVideoStart;

    pb_uninstall_gpu_interrupt();

    NtClose(pb_VBlankEvent);
}


void pb_set_color_format(unsigned int fmt, bool swizzled) {
    pb_ColorFmt = fmt;
    assert(swizzled == false);
}

int pb_init(void)
{
    DWORD           old;
    DWORD           mdiv,ndiv,odiv,pdiv,result;

    BYTE            old_color_31;
    BYTE            old_color_82;

    uint32_t        baseaddr,baseaddr2;

    int         i,j,k;

    uint32_t        *p;

    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject2;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject3;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject4;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject5;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject6;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject7;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject8;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject9;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject10;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject11;
    struct s_CtxDma sDmaObject12;

    struct s_CtxDma sGrObject13;
    struct s_CtxDma sGrObject14;
    struct s_CtxDma sGrObject16;
    struct s_CtxDma sGrObject17;

    DWORD           UserAddr;

    DWORD           TimeStamp1;
    DWORD           TimeStamp2;
    DWORD           GetAddr;
    DWORD           PutAddr;
                        //Dma channel properties
    int             dma_trig=128;   //min 8     max 256
    int         dma_size=128;   //min 32    max 256
    int         dma_max_reqs=8; //min 0     max 15

    DWORD           dummy;

    DWORD           channel;

    DWORD           *pGrCtxTable;

    VIDEO_MODE      vm;

    DWORD           format;

    DWORD           BackBufferCount;
    DWORD           BackBufferFormat;
    DWORD           DepthStencilFormat;

    DWORD           Width;
    DWORD           Height;

    DWORD           FrameBufferCount;

    DWORD           HScale;
    DWORD           VScale;

    DWORD           HSize;
    DWORD           VSize;

    DWORD           Pitch;

    DWORD           Addr;
    DWORD           Size;

    DWORD           FBAddr;
    DWORD           FBSize;

    DWORD           DSAddr;
    DWORD           DSSize;

    DWORD           EXAddr;
    DWORD           EXSize;

    int         n;

    DWORD           value;

    if (pb_running) return -8;

    //reset global vars (except pb_Size)

    pb_3DGrCtxInst[0]=0;
    pb_3DGrCtxInst[1]=0;

    pb_FifoChannelsReady=0;
    pb_FifoChannelsMode=NV_PFIFO_MODE_ALL_PIO;
    pb_FifoChannelID=0;

    pb_GammaRampIdx=0;
    for(i=0;i<3;i++) pb_GammaRampbReady[i]=0;
    for(k=0;k<3;k++) for(i=0;i<3;i++) for(j=0;j<256;j++) pb_GammaRamp[k][i][j]=j;

    pb_BackBufferNxt=0;
    for(i=0;i<5;i++) pb_BackBufferbReady[i]=0;

    pb_Put=NULL;

    pb_PutRunSize=0;

    pb_FrameBuffersAddr=0;


    pb_DmaBuffer8=MmAllocateContiguousMemoryEx(32,0,MAXRAM,0,4);
    pb_DmaBuffer2=MmAllocateContiguousMemoryEx(32,0,MAXRAM,0,4);
    pb_DmaBuffer7=MmAllocateContiguousMemoryEx(32,0,MAXRAM,0,4);
        //NumberOfBytes,LowestAcceptableAddress,HighestAcceptableAddress,Alignment,ProtectionType
    if ((pb_DmaBuffer8==NULL)||(pb_DmaBuffer2==NULL)||(pb_DmaBuffer7==NULL)) return -2;
    memset(pb_DmaBuffer8,0,32);
    memset(pb_DmaBuffer2,0,32);
    memset(pb_DmaBuffer7,0,32);

    pb_Head=MmAllocateContiguousMemoryEx(pb_Size+8*1024,0,MAXRAM,0,0x404);
        //NumberOfBytes,LowestAcceptableAddress,HighestAcceptableAddress,Alignment OPTIONAL,ProtectionType
    if (pb_Head==NULL) return -3;

    memset(pb_Head,0,pb_Size+8*1024);

    pb_Tail=pb_Head+pb_Size/4;

    pb_Put=pb_Head;

    pb_BackBufferNxt=0;     //increments when we finish drawing a frame
    pb_BackBufferbReady[0]=0;
    pb_BackBufferbReady[1]=0;
    pb_BackBufferbReady[2]=0;

    pb_BackBufferNxtVBL=0;      //increments when VBlank event fires

    //initialize push buffer DMA engine
    //DMA=Direct Memory Access (means CPU is not involved in the data transfert)

    NtCreateEvent(&pb_VBlankEvent, NULL, NotificationEvent, FALSE);

    VIDEOREG(NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_1)|=NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_1_BUS_MASTER_ENABLED;
    VIDEOREG(PCRTC_INTR_EN)=PCRTC_INTR_EN_VBLANK_DISABLED;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PTIMER_INTR_EN_0)=NV_PTIMER_INTR_EN_0_ALARM_DISABLED;

    if (pb_install_gpu_interrupt()==0)
    {
        if (pb_DmaBuffer8) MmFreeContiguousMemory(pb_DmaBuffer8);
        if (pb_DmaBuffer2) MmFreeContiguousMemory(pb_DmaBuffer2);
        if (pb_DmaBuffer7) MmFreeContiguousMemory(pb_DmaBuffer7);
        if (pb_Head) MmFreeContiguousMemory(pb_Head);
        NtClose(pb_VBlankEvent);
        return -4; //OpenXDK probably hooked IRQ3 already
    }

    //backup of the most essential outer registers (pb_kill will restore them)
    pb_OldMCEnable=VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_ENABLE);
    pb_OldMCInterrupt=VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_EN_0);
    pb_OldFBConfig0=VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_CFG0);
    pb_OldFBConfig1=VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_CFG1);
    pb_OldVideoStart=((DWORD)XVideoGetFB())&0x03FFFFFF;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_12)=NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_12_ROM_DECODE_DISABLED;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_3)=NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_3_LATENCY_TIMER_248_CLOCKS;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_ENABLE)=NV_PMC_ENABLE_ALL_ENABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_INTR_EN_0)=NV_PMC_INTR_EN_0_INTA_HARDWARE;

    mdiv=(VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMDAC_NVPLL_COEFF)&NV_PRAMDAC_NVPLL_COEFF_MDIV);
    ndiv=(VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMDAC_NVPLL_COEFF)&NV_PRAMDAC_NVPLL_COEFF_NDIV)>>8;
    odiv=1;
    pdiv=(VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMDAC_NVPLL_COEFF)&NV_PRAMDAC_NVPLL_COEFF_PDIV)>>16;

    if (mdiv)
    {
        //Xtal in Xbox is at 16.666 Mhz but we want 31.25Mhz for GPU...
        if (((DW_XTAL_16MHZ*ndiv)/(odiv<<pdiv))/mdiv!=233333324)
        {
            //This PLL configuration doesn't create a 233.33 Mhz freq from Xtal
            //Have this issure reported so we can update source for that case
            debugPrint("PLL=%lu\n",((DW_XTAL_16MHZ*ndiv)/(odiv<<pdiv))/mdiv);
            return -5;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        pb_kill();
        return -5; //invalid GPU internal PLL (Phase Locked Loop=GPU freq generator)
    }

    //program GPU timer in order to obtain 31.25Mhz (we assume PLL creates 233.33Mhz)
    VIDEOREG(NV_PTIMER_NUMERATOR)=56968; //233333324/56968*7629=31247365 (31.25Mhz)
    VIDEOREG(NV_PTIMER_DENOMINATOR)=7629;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PTIMER_ALARM_0)=0xFFFFFFFF;


    //The Gpu instance memory is a special place in PRAMIN area (VRAM attached to RAM?)
    //Essential Gpu data will be stored there, for, I guess, top speed access.

    if ((VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_CFG0)&NV_PFB_CFG0_PART_3)!=3)
    {
        pb_kill();
        return -6;
    }

    pb_GpuInstMem=(DWORD)MmClaimGpuInstanceMemory(0xFFFFFFFF,&baseaddr);
        //returns 0x83FF0000            //0x10000
        //physical_memory(0x83FF0000)=0x03FF0000

    if (pb_GpuInstMem==0)
    {
        pb_kill();
        return -7;
    }

    pb_GpuInstMem-=INSTANCE_MEM_MAXSIZE;    //-0x5000=-20480=-20Kb
        // =0x83FEB000

    //a hash table
    pb_FifoHTAddr=baseaddr+NV_PRAMIN;   //0x10000+NV_PRAMIN(0x700000)

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_RAMHT)=((baseaddr>>8)&NV_PFIFO_RAMHT_BASE_ADDRESS)|NV_PFIFO_RAMHT_SEARCH_128;
            //      =NV_PFIFO_RAMHT_BASE_ADDRESS_10000

    //FC (size 0x80)
    pb_FifoFCAddr=baseaddr+NV_PRAMIN+0x1000;//=0x11000+NV_PRAMIN

    //U1 (size 0x20) Unknown1
    pb_FifoU1Addr=baseaddr+NV_PRAMIN+0x1080;//=0x11080+NV_PRAMIN

    //FC (dwFifoFCAddr, but 128 bytes aligned, with flag 0x200)
    baseaddr2=((pb_FifoFCAddr+0x80)&0x1FC00)|0x200; //0x11200

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_RAMFC)=baseaddr2<<7|((pb_FifoFCAddr>>8)&NV_PFIFO_RAMFC_BASE_ADDRESS);
                    //   |NV_PFIFO_RAMFC_BASE_ADDRESS_11000
    //=0x00890110 (theoretical value)
    //=0x008A0110 (current value read under openxdk : |0x400 instead of |0x200)

    pb_FreeInst=(pb_FifoU1Addr-NV_PRAMIN+0x20)>>4;
            //     =0x110A (unit=16 bytes block)

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_NVM)=VIDEOREG(NV_PFB_NVM)&NV_PFB_NVM_MODE_DISABLE;

    //zeroes whole GPU instance memory
    for(i=0;i<INSTANCE_MEM_MAXSIZE;i+=4) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+baseaddr+i)=0;

    //reserve 8 blocks (128 bytes) for GrCtxTable
    //(2 first dwords will point at the 2 graphic contexts for the 2 channels)
    pb_GrCtxTableInst=pb_FreeInst; pb_FreeInst+=8;






    VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR)=31; old_color_31=VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CR__COLOR);
    VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR)=31; VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CR__COLOR)=87;

    VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR)=82; old_color_82=VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CR__COLOR);
    VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR)=82; VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CR__COLOR)=old_color_82+4;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_2)=(VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_2)&NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_2_BURST1_CLEAR)|NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_2_BURST1_INIT;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_2)=(VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_2)&NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_2_BURST2_CLEAR)|NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_2_BURST2_INIT;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_3)=(VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_3)&NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_3_WATER_MARK1_CLEAR)|NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_3_WATER_MARK1_INIT;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_3)=(VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_3)&NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_3_WATER_MARK2_CLEAR)|NV_PVIDEO_DEBUG_3_WATER_MARK2_INIT;

    VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR)=32; VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CR__COLOR)=41;
    VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR)=27; VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CR__COLOR)=5;

    if (old_color_31==0)
    {
        VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CRX__COLOR)=31; VIDEOREG8(NV_PRMCIO_CR__COLOR)=153;
    }

    VIDEOREG(NV_PCRTC_CONFIG)=(VIDEOREG(NV_PCRTC_CONFIG)&~NV_PCRTC_CONFIG_START_ADDRESS)|NV_PCRTC_CONFIG_START_ADDRESS_HSYNC;
    //3 replaced with 2=(3&~7)|2




    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_LUMINANCE_0)=NV_PVIDEO_LUMINANCE_CONTRAST_UNITY|NV_PVIDEO_LUMINANCE_BRIGHTNESS_UNITY;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_LUMINANCE_1)=NV_PVIDEO_LUMINANCE_CONTRAST_UNITY|NV_PVIDEO_LUMINANCE_BRIGHTNESS_UNITY;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_CHROMINANCE_0)=NV_PVIDEO_CHROMINANCE_SAT_COS_UNITY|NV_PVIDEO_CHROMINANCE_SAT_SIN_UNITY;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_CHROMINANCE_1)=NV_PVIDEO_CHROMINANCE_SAT_COS_UNITY|NV_PVIDEO_CHROMINANCE_SAT_SIN_UNITY;

//maybe let's preserve previous setting
//VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_OFFSET_0)=NV_PVIDEO_OFFSET_VALUE_ZERO;
//VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_OFFSET_1)=NV_PVIDEO_OFFSET_VALUE_ZERO;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_SIZE_IN_0)=NV_PVIDEO_SIZE_IN_UNKNOWN_WIDTH|NV_PVIDEO_SIZE_IN_UNKNOWN_HEIGHT;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_SIZE_IN_1)=NV_PVIDEO_SIZE_IN_UNKNOWN_WIDTH|NV_PVIDEO_SIZE_IN_UNKNOWN_HEIGHT;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_POINT_IN_0)=NV_PVIDEO_POINT_IN_S_ORIGIN|NV_PVIDEO_POINT_IN_T_ORIGIN;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_POINT_IN_1)=NV_PVIDEO_POINT_IN_S_ORIGIN|NV_PVIDEO_POINT_IN_T_ORIGIN;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DS_DX_0)=NV_PVIDEO_DS_DX_RATIO_UNITY;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DS_DX_1)=NV_PVIDEO_DS_DX_RATIO_UNITY;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DT_DY_0)=NV_PVIDEO_DT_DY_RATIO_UNITY;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PVIDEO_DT_DY_1)=NV_PVIDEO_DT_DY_RATIO_UNITY;


    pb_GrCtxID=NONE;



    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_TABLE)=pb_GrCtxTableInst&NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_TABLE_INST;

    p=(uint32_t *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PRAMIN+(pb_GrCtxTableInst<<4));
    *(p+0)=0; //we don't point at the 2 graphic contexts yet
    *(p+1)=0;




    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUT)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_GET)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_HASH)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_HASH)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_MODE)=NV_PFIFO_MODE_ALL_PIO;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_DMA)=NV_PFIFO_DMA_NOT_PENDING;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_SIZE)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_STATE)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_RUNOUT_PUT)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_RUNOUT_GET)=0;


    pb_running=1;


    old=VIDEOREG(NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_19);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_19)=old&NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_19_AGP_COMMAND_SBA_ENABLE_OFF&NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_19_AGP_COMMAND_AGP_ENABLE_OFF;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PBUS_PCI_NV_19)=old;

    VIDEOREG(PCRTC_INTR)=PCRTC_INTR_VBLANK_RESET;
    VIDEOREG(PCRTC_INTR_EN)=PCRTC_INTR_EN_VBLANK_ENABLED;

//VIDEOREG(NV_PTIMER_TIME_0)=0;
//VIDEOREG(NV_PTIMER_TIME_1)=ticks; //time & date in ticks (nasty calculation, let's skip it for now)

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FIFO)=NV_PGRAPH_FIFO_ACCESS_DISABLE;



    VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_ENABLE)=VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_ENABLE)&NV_PMC_ENABLE_PGRAPH_DISABLED;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_ENABLE)=VIDEOREG(NV_PMC_ENABLE)|NV_PMC_ENABLE_PGRAPH_ENABLED;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0) =   NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_0_NO_RESET;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1) =   NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1_VTX_PTE_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1_VTX_CACHE_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1_VTX_FILE_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1_DRAWDIR_Y_INCR|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1_INSTANCE_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_1_CTX_ENABLED;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_7) =   NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_7_UNKNOWN_OPTIONS;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3) =   NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_FLUSHING_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_SYNC_TO_CRTC_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_FAST_DATA_STRTCH_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_FAST_3D_SHADOW_DATA_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_FAST_DMA_READ_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_IDLE_FILTER_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_SINGLE_CYCLE_LOAD_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_BILINEAR_3D_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_VOLATILE_RESET_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_DATA_CHECK_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_FORMAT_CHECK_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_DMA_CHECK_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_STATE_CHECK_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_IMAGE_64BIT_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_XFMODE_COALESCE_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_CTX_METHODS_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_OP_METHODS_ENABLED|
                    NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_3_IGNORE_PATCHVALID_ENABLED;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_4) = NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_4_ALL_DISABLE;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_5) = NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_5_ZCULL_SPARE2_ENABLED;

    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PBUS_ROM_VERSION)&NV_PBUS_ROM_VERSION_MASK)
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_UNKNOWN_400B80)=0x45EAD10F;
    else
        VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_UNKNOWN_400B80)=0x45EAD10E;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_UNKNOWN_400B84)=0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_UNKNOWN_400B88)=0;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_UNKNOWN_400098)=0x78;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_UNKNOWN_40009C)=0x40;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_TABLE)=pb_GrCtxTableInst&NV_PGRAPH_CHANNEL_CTX_TABLE_INST;

    pb_wait_until_gr_not_busy();

    pb_prepare_tiles();

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH1)=NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH1_ALL_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH2)=NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH2_ALL_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH3)=NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH3_ALL_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH4)=NV_PGRAPH_CTX_SWITCH4_ALL_DISABLE;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL)=NV_PGRAPH_CTX_CONTROL_DEVICE_ENABLED;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_FFINTFC_ST2)=NV_PGRAPH_FFINTFC_ST2_CHID_STATUS_VALID;

    pb_load_gr_ctx(pb_GrCtxID);


    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR)=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_ALL_ENABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PGRAPH_INTR_EN)=NV_PGRAPH_INTR_EN_ALL_ENABLE;


    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH) =   NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH_TRIG_128_BYTES|
                        NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH_SIZE_32_BYTES|
                        NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH_MAX_REQS_15;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_DMA_TIMESLICE) =  NV_PFIFO_DMA_TIMESLICE_SELECT_128K|
                        NV_PFIFO_DMA_TIMESLICE_TIMEOUT_ENABLED;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_DELAY_0)=255&NV_PFIFO_DELAY_0_WAIT_RETRY;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_ALL_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_PUSH0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE0_PULL0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_ACCESS_DISABLE;

    pb_set_fifo_channel(1);

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUT)=0;    //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUT_ADDRESS
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_GET)=0;    //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_GET_ADDRESS

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_ENABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0_ACCESS_ENABLE;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_REASSIGN_ENABLED;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_ALL_DISABLE;


    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_0)=NV_PFIFO_INTR_0_ALL_RESET;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_INTR_EN_0)=NV_PFIFO_INTR_EN_0_ALL_ENABLE;;


    //calculate number of CPU cycles per second
    HalReadWritePCISpace(0,0x60,0x6C,&value,4,FALSE);
        //BusNumber,SlotNumber,RegisterNumber,pBuffer,Length,bWritePCISpace
    if (value&0xFF)
        pb_CpuFrequency=5.5f*((float)((value>>8)&0xFF))*(XTAL_16MHZ/((float)(value&0xFF)));
    else
        pb_CpuFrequency=733.33f; //Mhz, theoretically


    pb_create_dma_ctx(3,DMA_CLASS_3D,0,MAXRAM,&sDmaObject3);
    pb_create_dma_ctx(5,DMA_CLASS_2,0,MAXRAM,&sDmaObject5);
    pb_create_dma_ctx(4,DMA_CLASS_3,0,MAXRAM,&sDmaObject4);

    pb_create_dma_ctx(9,DMA_CLASS_3D,0,MAXRAM,&sDmaObject9);
    pb_create_dma_ctx(10,DMA_CLASS_3D,0,MAXRAM,&sDmaObject10);
    pb_create_dma_ctx(11,DMA_CLASS_3D,0,MAXRAM,&sDmaObject11);
    pb_DmaChID9Inst=sDmaObject9.Inst;
    pb_DmaChID10Inst=sDmaObject10.Inst;
    pb_DmaChID11Inst=sDmaObject11.Inst;

    pb_create_dma_ctx(2,DMA_CLASS_3,(DWORD)pb_DmaBuffer2,0x1F,&sDmaObject2);
    pb_create_dma_ctx(7,DMA_CLASS_3D,(DWORD)pb_DmaBuffer7,0x1F,&sDmaObject7);
    //this one is damn important. memory address 0x80000000 acts as a trigger.
    pb_create_dma_ctx(12,DMA_CLASS_3D,0x80000000,0x10000000,&sDmaObject12);
    pb_create_dma_ctx(8,DMA_CLASS_3D,(DWORD)pb_DmaBuffer8,0x20,&sDmaObject8);
    pb_create_dma_ctx(6,DMA_CLASS_2,0,MAXRAM,&sDmaObject6);

    //we initialized channel 0 first, that will match graphic context 0
    pb_FifoChannelID=0;
    pb_FifoChannelsMode=NV_PFIFO_MODE_ALL_PIO;

    pb_FifoBigInst=pb_FreeInst; pb_FreeInst+=0x37F; //895 blocks=14320 bytes=0x37F0 bytes

    dummy=VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES);

    channel=pb_FifoChannelID;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_ALL_DISABLE;

    //zeroes 0x37F0 bytes (0xDFC/4=0x37F blocks, 4 dwords in 1 block)
    for(i=0;i<0xDFC;i++) VIDEOREG(NV_PRAMIN+(pb_FifoBigInst<<4)+i*4)=0;

    //here we go, we initialize first graphic context pointer
    pGrCtxTable=(DWORD *)(VIDEO_BASE+NV_PRAMIN+(pb_GrCtxTableInst<<4));
    *(pGrCtxTable+channel)=pb_FifoBigInst;
    pb_GrCtxInst[channel]=pb_FifoBigInst;

    //points at channel details in PRAMIN area
    p=(uint32_t *)(VIDEO_BASE+pb_FifoFCAddr+channel*64);

    //zeroes details
    for(i=0;i<16;i++) *(p+i)=0;

    //set dma instance, future value for VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_INSTANCE)
    *(p+3)=sDmaObject6.Inst;

    //encode trig & size
    dma_trig=(dma_trig>>3)-1;
    dma_size=(dma_size>>5)-1;

    //set dma fetch, future value for VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH)
    *(p+5)= ((dma_trig<<3)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH_TRIG)|
        ((dma_size<<13)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH_SIZE)|
        ((dma_max_reqs<<16)&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH_MAX_REQS);

    pb_FifoChannelsMode|=(1<<channel);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_MODE)=pb_FifoChannelsMode;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0_ACCESS_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_DISABLE;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1)=channel&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1_CHID;

    if (pb_FifoChannelsMode&(1<<channel)) VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1)|=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH1_MODE_DMA;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT)=0;    //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUT_OFFSET
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET)=0;    //&NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_GET_OFFSET
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_INSTANCE)=*(p+3);
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_CTL)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_CTL_ALL_DISABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_STATE)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_STATE_METHOD_COUNT_0;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ENGINE)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_ENGINE_ALL_SW;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_FETCH)=*(p+5);

    if (pb_FifoChannelsMode&(1<<channel)) VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_DMA_PUSH_ACCESS_ENABLE;

    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PULL0_ACCESS_ENABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0)=NV_PFIFO_CACHE1_PUSH0_ACCESS_ENABLE;
    VIDEOREG(NV_PFIFO_CACHES)=NV_PFIFO_CACHES_REASSIGN_ENABLED;

    pb_FifoChannelsReady|=(1<<channel);


    UserAddr=VIDEO_BASE+NV_USER+(pb_FifoChannelID<<16);

    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject6);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject12);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject2);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject7);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject4);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject5);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject3);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject9);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject10);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject11);
    pb_bind_channel(&sDmaObject8);

    //These objects match the GPU sub channels (3D, 2, 3, 4, in that order)
    pb_create_gr_ctx(13,GR_CLASS_97,&sGrObject13);
    pb_create_gr_ctx(14,GR_CLASS_39,&sGrObject14);
    pb_create_gr_ctx(16,GR_CLASS_9F,&sGrObject16);
    pb_create_gr_ctx(17,GR_CLASS_62,&sGrObject17);
    pb_bind_channel(&sGrObject13);
    pb_bind_channel(&sGrObject14);
    pb_bind_channel(&sGrObject16);
    pb_bind_channel(&sGrObject17);

    pb_DmaUserAddr=(DWORD *)UserAddr;   //VIDEOBASE+NV_USER+(0<<16)

    pb_PushBase=(DWORD)pb_Head;
    pb_PushLimit=(DWORD)pb_Tail;

    //This is the magic part of the whole push buffer DMA engine thing...
    //Both these instructions are necessary, remove one, then no dma engine!
    *((DWORD *)0x80000000)=(((DWORD)pb_Head)&0x0FFFFFFF)+1;
    __asm__ __volatile__ ("wbinvd");
    //assembler instruction wbinvd : write back and invalidate cache

    pb_start(); //start checking if new data has been written and send it to GPU
    //(nothing will be sent, since we sent nothing yet)

    TimeStamp1=KeTickCount;

#ifdef DBG
//  debugPrint("Waiting undil DMA is ready\n");
#endif
    //wait until DMA is ready
    while(1)
    {
        GetAddr=*(pb_DmaUserAddr+0x44/4);

        if (GetAddr>0x04000000)
        {
            debugPrint("pb_init: Bad getaddr\n");
            pb_kill();
            return -9;
        }

        PutAddr=((DWORD)pb_Put);

        if (((GetAddr^PutAddr)&0x0FFFFFFF)==0) break; //means same addresses (Dma is ready)

        TimeStamp2=KeTickCount;

        if (TimeStamp2-TimeStamp1>TICKSTIMEOUT)
        {
            debugPrint("pb_init: Dma didn't get ready in time\n");
            pb_kill();
            return -10;
        }
    }
#ifdef DBG
//  debugPrint("Dma is ready!!!\n");
#endif

    *((DWORD *)0x80000000)=0xFFFFFFFF;

    //Let's start initializing inner GPU registers!!!

    //These commands assign DMA channels to push buffer subchannels
    //and associate some specific GPU parts to specific Dma channels
    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1_to(SUBCH_2,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_SET_MAIN_OBJECT,14);
    p=pb_push1_to(SUBCH_3,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_SET_MAIN_OBJECT,16);
    p=pb_push1_to(SUBCH_4,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_SET_MAIN_OBJECT,17);
    p=pb_push1_to(SUBCH_3D,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_SET_MAIN_OBJECT,13);
    p=pb_push1_to(SUBCH_2,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT0,7);
    p=pb_push1_to(SUBCH_3,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT5,17);
    p=pb_push1_to(SUBCH_3,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT_UNKNOWN,3);
    p=pb_push2_to(SUBCH_4,p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT1,3,11);
    pb_end(p); //calls pb_start() which will trigger the reading and sending to GPU (asynchronous, no waiting)

    //setup needed for color computations
    p=pb_begin();
    pb_push(p++,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT0,3);
    *(p++)=2;
    *(p++)=3;
    *(p++)=3;
    pb_push(p++,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT2A,6);
    *(p++)=4;
    *(p++)=9;
    *(p++)=10;
    *(p++)=3;
    *(p++)=3;
    *(p++)=8;
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SET_OBJECT8,12);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_ACTIVATE_COLORS,0);
    pb_end(p);

    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1(p,NV097_SET_FLAT_SHADE_OP,1); //FIRST_VTX
    p=pb_push4f(p,NV097_SET_EYE_POSITION,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_EDGE_FLAG,1);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_TX_SHADER_OP,0x00000000);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_TX_SHADER_PREVIOUS,0x00210000); //(PSTextureInput) What previous stage is used at each stage
    p=pb_push1(p,NV097_SET_COMPRESS_ZBUFFER_EN,0); //
    p=pb_push1(p,NV097_SET_SHADOW_ZSLOPE_THRESHOLD,0x7F800000);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV097_SET_ZMIN_MAX_CONTROL,1); //CULL_NEAR_FAR_EN_TRUE | ZCLAMP_EN_CULL | CULL_IGNORE_W_FALSE
    pb_end(p);

    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push_transposed_matrix(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLIP_PLANE_A(0),pb_IdentityMatrix);
    p=pb_push_transposed_matrix(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLIP_PLANE_A(4),pb_IdentityMatrix);
    p=pb_push_transposed_matrix(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLIP_PLANE_A(8),pb_IdentityMatrix);
    p=pb_push_transposed_matrix(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLIP_PLANE_A(12),pb_IdentityMatrix);
/*  p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLIP_PLANE_ENABLE(0),0x2202);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLIP_PLANE_ENABLE(1),0x2202);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLIP_PLANE_ENABLE(2),0x2202);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CLIP_PLANE_ENABLE(3),0x2202);
*/  p=pb_push4f(p,NV097_SET_FOG_PLANE,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VP_UPLOAD_CONST_ID,0x0000003C); //set shader constants cursor at C-36
    pb_push(p++,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VP_UPLOAD_CONST_X,12);        //loads C-36, C-35 & C-34
    memcpy(p,pb_FixedPipelineConstants,12*4); p+=12; //used by common xbox shaders, but I doubt we will use them.
    //(also usually C-37 is screen center offset Decals vector & c-38 is Scales vector)
    pb_end(p);

    //Frame buffers creation
    //So far, tested only with 640*480 32 bits (default openxdk res)
    //Even if it's a waste of memory, for now, we will leave the openxdk (& SDL)
    //default frame buffer untouched. debugPrint (& SDL) will still target it.
    //We will provide functions pb_show_debug_screen() and pb_show_front_screen()
    //in order to let user (developper) toggle between screens at will.

    pb_FrameBuffersAddr=0;
    pb_DepthStencilAddr=0;
    pb_DepthStencilLast=-2;

    vm=XVideoGetMode();

    int ColorBpp = 0;
    switch(pb_ColorFmt) {
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_X1R5G5B5_Z1R5G5B5:
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_X1R5G5B5_O1R5G5B5:
        assert(vm.bpp == 15);
        // The effective width, due to padding, is still 16 bpp
        ColorBpp = 16;
        break;
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_R5G6B5:
        assert(vm.bpp == 16);
        ColorBpp = 16;
        break;
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_X8R8G8B8_Z8R8G8B8:
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_X8R8G8B8_O8R8G8B8:
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_X1A7R8G8B8_Z1A7R8G8B8:
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_X1A7R8G8B8_O1A7R8G8B8:
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_A8R8G8B8:
        assert(vm.bpp == 32);
        ColorBpp = 32;
        break;
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_B8:
    case NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_COLOR_LE_G8B8:
        // These formats aren't suitable for display framebuffers
        assert(false);
        break;
    default:
        assert(false);
        break;
    }

    int DepthBpp = 32;
    assert(pb_DepthFmt == NV097_SET_SURFACE_FORMAT_ZETA_Z24S8);
    pb_ZScale = (float)0xFFFFFF;

    // Activate pitched surface with chosen format
    pb_GPUFrameBuffersFormat = 0x100 | (pb_DepthFmt << 4) | pb_ColorFmt;

    Width=vm.width;
    Height=vm.height;

    BackBufferCount=2;          //triple buffering technic!
                        //allows dynamic details adjustment

    pb_FrameBuffersCount=BackBufferCount+1; //front buffer + back buffers
    pb_FrameBuffersWidth=Width;
    pb_FrameBuffersHeight=Height;

    HScale=1;
    VScale=1;

    HSize=HScale*Width; //Total width
    VSize=VScale*Height;    //Total height

    //Front and back buffers (tile #0)

    FrameBufferCount=BackBufferCount+1;

    //pitch is the gap between start of a pixel line and start of next pixel line
    //(not necessarily the size of a pixel line, because of hardware optimization)

    Pitch=(((ColorBpp*HSize)>>3)+0x3F)&0xFFFFFFC0; //64 units aligned
    pb_FrameBuffersPitch=Pitch;

    //look for a standard listed pitch value greater or equal to theoretical one
    for(i=0;i<16;i++)
    {
        if (pb_TilePitches[i]>=Pitch)
        {
            Pitch=pb_TilePitches[i];
            break;
        }
    }

    Size=Pitch*VSize;

    //verify 64 bytes alignment for size of a frame buffer
    if (Size&(64-1)) debugPrint("pb_init: FBSize is not well aligned.\n");

    pb_FBSize=Size;

    //multiply size by number of physical frame buffers in order to obtain global size
    FBSize=Size*FrameBufferCount;

    //Huge alignment enforcement (16 Kb aligned!) for the global size
    FBSize=(FBSize+0x3FFF)&0xFFFFC000;

    FBAddr=(DWORD)MmAllocateContiguousMemoryEx(FBSize,0,0x03FFB000,0x4000,0x404);
        //NumberOfBytes,LowestAcceptableAddress,HighestAcceptableAddress,Alignment OPTIONAL,ProtectionType

    pb_FBGlobalSize=FBSize;

    pb_FrameBuffersAddr=FBAddr;
    if (!FBAddr)
    {
        pb_kill();
        return -11;
    }

    for(i=0;i<FrameBufferCount;i++)
    {
        pb_FBAddr[i]=FBAddr;
        FBAddr+=Size;
    }

    //8 separate memory contiguous memory zones can be assigned to 8 GPU 'tiles'
    //simultaneously. GPU will apply automatic optimizations or caching on tiles.
    //The most important one is the automatic compression of data (by chunk of
    //16 dwords) in the depth stencil buffer. This buffer reading and writing
    //consumes most of the GPU time. By replacing the 16 dwords by a few dwords
    //(2 or 4), potential performance gain is about one third of frame time (60fps).
    //It is necessary to clear depth stencil buffer entirely at beginning of
    //each frame and draw things from closest depth to farest depth in order to
    //take full benefit of this very important feature. All fast games use it.
    //Compression is calculated by picking up central value of 4x4 block and
    //coding global x & y variation, plus all needed adjustments necessary to
    //fully recover original values. Compression is aborted if the 16 dwords have
    //very different values (will occur at the edges of projected triangles).

    pb_assign_tile( 0,              //int   tile_index,
            pb_FrameBuffersAddr&0x03FFFFFF, //DWORD tile_addr,
            FBSize,             //DWORD tile_size,
            Pitch,              //DWORD tile_pitch,
            0,              //DWORD tile_z_start_tag,
            0,              //DWORD tile_z_offset,
            0               //DWORD tile_flags
            );


    //Depth stencil buffer (tile #1)

    //pitch is the gap between start of a pixel line and start of next pixel line
    //(not necessarily the size of a pixel line, because of hardware optimization)

    Pitch=(((DepthBpp*HSize)>>3)+0x3F)&0xFFFFFFC0; //64 units aligned
    pb_DepthStencilPitch=Pitch;

    //look for a standard listed pitch value greater or equal to theoretical one
    for(i=0;i<16;i++)
    {
        if (pb_TilePitches[i]>=Pitch)
        {
            Pitch=pb_TilePitches[i];
            break;
        }
    }

    Size=Pitch*VSize;

    //verify 64 bytes alignment for size of a frame buffer
    if (Size&(64-1)) debugPrint("pb_init: DSSize is not well aligned.\n");

    pb_DSSize=Size;

    // We use one shared depthbuffer
    DSSize=Size;

    //Huge alignment enforcement (16 Kb aligned!) for the global size
    DSSize=(DSSize+0x3FFF)&0xFFFFC000;

    DSAddr=(DWORD)MmAllocateContiguousMemoryEx(DSSize,0,0x03FFB000,0x4000,0x404);
        //NumberOfBytes,LowestAcceptableAddress,HighestAcceptableAddress,Alignment OPTIONAL,ProtectionType

    pb_DepthStencilAddr=DSAddr;
    if (!DSAddr)
    {
        pb_kill();
        return -11;
    }

    pb_DSAddr=DSAddr;

    pb_assign_tile( 1,              //int   tile_index,
            pb_DepthStencilAddr&0x03FFFFFF, //DWORD tile_addr,
            DSSize,             //DWORD tile_size,
            Pitch,              //DWORD tile_pitch,
            0,              //DWORD tile_z_start_tag,
            0,              //DWORD tile_z_offset,
            0x84000001          //DWORD tile_flags (0x04000000 for 32 bits)
            );


    if (pb_ExtraBuffersCount)
    {
        //Extra back buffers (tile #2)

        //pitch is the gap between start of a pixel line and start of next pixel line
        //(not necessarily the size of a pixel line, because of hardware optimization)

        Pitch=(((ColorBpp*HSize)>>3)+0x3F)&0xFFFFFFC0; //64 units aligned

        //look for a standard listed pitch value greater or equal to theoretical one
        for(i=0;i<16;i++)
        {
            if (pb_TilePitches[i]>=Pitch)
            {
                Pitch=pb_TilePitches[i];
                break;
            }
        }

        Size=Pitch*VSize;

        //verify 64 bytes alignment for size of a frame buffer
        if (Size&(64-1)) debugPrint("pb_init: EXSize is not well aligned.\n");

        //multiply size by number of physical frame buffers in order to obtain global size
        EXSize=Size*pb_ExtraBuffersCount;

        //Huge alignment enforcement (16 Kb aligned!) for the global size
        EXSize=(EXSize+0x3FFF)&0xFFFFC000;

        EXAddr=(DWORD)MmAllocateContiguousMemoryEx(EXSize,0,0x03FFB000,0x4000,0x404);
        //NumberOfBytes,LowestAcceptableAddress,HighestAcceptableAddress,Alignment OPTIONAL,ProtectionType

        if (!EXAddr)
        {
            pb_kill();
            return -11;
        }

        for(i=0;i<pb_ExtraBuffersCount;i++)
        {
            pb_EXAddr[i]=EXAddr;
            EXAddr+=Size;
        }

        pb_assign_tile( 2,              //int   tile_index,
                pb_EXAddr[0]&0x03FFFFFF,    //DWORD tile_addr,
                EXSize,             //DWORD tile_size,
                Pitch,              //DWORD tile_pitch,
                0,              //DWORD tile_z_start_tag,
                0,              //DWORD tile_z_offset,
                0               //DWORD tile_flags
            );

    }




    pb_FBVFlag=0x0000; //Quincunx & Gaussian need special flags. We don't, for now.
    pb_XScale=(float)HScale;
    pb_YScale=(float)VScale;
    if (pb_YScale<pb_XScale) pb_GlobalScale=pb_YScale; else pb_GlobalScale=pb_XScale;

    i=(DWORD)(2.0f*(pb_GlobalScale)+0.5f);
    switch(i)
    {
        case 0:
            pb_Bias=-8.0f;
            break;
        case 1:
            pb_Bias=0.53125f;
            break;
        case 2: //0.0f
        case 3: //0.585f
        case 4: //1.0f
        case 5: //1.322f
        case 6: //1.585f
        case 7: //1.907f
        case 8: //2.0f
            pb_Bias=pb_BiasTable[i-2];
            break;
    }

    p=pb_begin();
    n=pb_FrameBuffersCount; //(BackBufferCount+1)
    p=pb_push3(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_MAIN_TILES_INDICES,0,1,n);
    pb_end(p);

    //set area where GPU is allowed to draw pixels
    pb_set_viewport(0,0,vm.width*HScale,vm.height*VScale,0.0f,1.0f);

    //set vertex shader type
    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SHADER_TYPE,SHADER_TYPE_INTERNAL);
    pb_end(p);

    //no scissors (accept pixels in 8 rectangles covering all screen)
    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VIEWPORT_CLIP_MODE,0);   //accept pixels inside scissor rectangles union (1=reject)
    for(i=0;i<8;i++)
    {
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VIEWPORT_CLIP_HORIZ(i),0|((vm.width*HScale-1)<<16));
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VIEWPORT_CLIP_VERT(i),0|((vm.height*VScale-1)<<16));
    }
    pb_end(p);

    //funcs: never(0x200), less(0x201), equal(0x202), less or equal(0x203)
    //greater(0x204), not equal(0x205), greater or equal(0x206), always(0x207)

    //various intial settings (simple states)
    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_DEPTH_FUNC,0x203); //Depth comparison function="less or equal"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_ALPHA_FUNC_FUNC,0x207); //Alpha comparison function="always"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_BLEND_FUNC_ENABLE,0); //AlphaBlendEnable=FALSE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_ALPHA_FUNC_ENABLE,0); //AlphaTestEnable=FALSE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_ALPHA_FUNC_REF,0); //AlphaRef=0
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_BLEND_FUNC_SRC,1); //SrcBlend=(1,1,1,1)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_BLEND_FUNC_DST,0); //DstBlend=(0,0,0,0)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_DEPTH_WRITE_ENABLE,1); //ZWriteEnable=TRUE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_DITHER_ENABLE,0); //DitherEnable=FALSE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SHADE_MODEL,0x1D01); //ShadeMode="gouraud"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_COLOR_MASK,0x01010101); // ColorWriteEnable=abgr
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STENCIL_OP_ZFAIL,0x1E00); //StencilZFail="keep"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STENCIL_OP_ZPASS,0x1E00); //StencilPass="keep"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STENCIL_FUNC_FUNC,0x207); // Stencil comparison function="always"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STENCIL_FUNC_REF,0); //StencilRef=0
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STENCIL_FUNC_MASK,0xFFFFFFFF); //StencilMask=0xFFFFFFFF
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STENCIL_MASK,0xFFFFFFFF); //StencilWriteMask=0xFFFFFFFF
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_BLEND_EQUATION,0x8006); //Blend operator="add"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_BLEND_COLOR,0); //BlendColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SWATHWIDTH,4); //SwathWidth=128
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_POLYGON_OFFSET_FACTOR,0); //PolygonOffZSlopeScale=0.0f (because ZBias=0.0f)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_POLYGON_OFFSET_UNITS,0); //PolygonOffZOffset=0.0f (because ZBias=0.0f)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_POLYGON_OFFSET_POINT_ENABLE,0); //PtOffEnable=FALSE (because ZBias=0.0f)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_POLYGON_OFFSET_LINE_ENABLE,0); //WireFrameOffEnable=FALSE (because ZBias=0.0f)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL_ENABLE,0); //SolidOffEnable=FALSE (because ZBias=0.0f)
    pb_end(p);

    //various intial settings (complex states)
    p=pb_begin();
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_VERTEX_BLEND_ENABLE,0); //VertexBlend="disable"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FOG_ENABLE,0); //FogEnable=FALSE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FOG_COLOR,0); //FogColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_POLYGON_MODE_FRONT,0x1B02,0x1B02); //FillMode="solid" BackFillMode="point"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_NORMALIZE_ENABLE,0); //NormalizeNormals=FALSE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_STENCIL_OP_FAIL,0x1E00); //StencilFail="keep"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FRONT_FACE,0x900); //FrontFace="clockwise"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CULL_FACE_ENABLE,1);//CullModeEnable=TRUE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CULL_FACE,0x405); //CullMode="FrontFace opposite" (counterclockwise)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_COLOR_LOGIC_OP_ENABLE,0); //Logic operator="none"
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_LINE_SMOOTH_ENABLE,0,0); //EdgeAntiAlias=0
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_MULTISAMPLE,0xFFFF0001); //MultiSampleAntiAliasing=TRUE & MultiSampleMask=0xFFFF
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_SHADOW_FUNC_FUNC,0); //Shadow comparison function="never"
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_LINE_WIDTH,(DWORD)(1.0f*8.0f*pb_GlobalScale+0.5f)); //LineWidth=1.0f =>8 (0-511)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_WAIT_MAKESPACE,0); //prepare subprogram call (wait/makespace, will obtain null status)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,1); //set parameter for subprogram (TRUE)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETNOISE); //call subprogID PB_SETNOISE: Dxt1NoiseEnable=TRUE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_CULL_ENABLE,3); //bit0:OcclusionCullEnable=TRUE & bit1:StencilCullEnable=TRUE
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_WAIT_MAKESPACE,0); //prepare subprogram call (wait/makespace, will obtain null status)
    p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_5,NV_PGRAPH_DEBUG_5_ZCULL_SPARE2_ENABLED); //set parameters A & B: DoNotCullUncompressed=FALSE (|8 otherwise)
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER); //calls subprogID PB_SETOUTER: does VIDEOREG(ParamA)=ParamB
    if (VIDEOREG(NV_PBUS_ROM_VERSION)&NV_PBUS_ROM_VERSION_MASK)
        p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PGRAPH_UNKNOWN_400B80,(0x45EAD10F&~0x18100000)); //RopZCmpAlwaysRead=FALSE (bit27) & RopZRead=FALSE (bit20)
    else
        p=pb_push2(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_PARAMETER_A,NV_PGRAPH_UNKNOWN_400B80,(0x45EAD10E&~0x18100000));
    p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_FIRE_INTERRUPT,PB_SETOUTER); //calls subprogID PB_SETOUTER: does VIDEOREG(ParamA)=ParamB
    pb_end(p);

    //various intial settings (texture stages states)
    p=pb_begin();
    for(i=0;i<4;i++)
    {
        p=pb_push1(p,NV20_TCL_PRIMITIVE_3D_TX_ENABLE(i),0); //texture enable flags
    }
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1b68,0); //texture stage 1 BumpEnvMat00=0.0f (stage +1 because no pixel shader used yet)
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1b6c,0); //texture stage 1 BumpEnvMat01=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1b70,0);//texture stage 1 BumpEnvMat11=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1b74,0); //texture stage 1 BumpEnvMat10=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1b78,0); //texture stage 1 BumpEnvMatLightScale=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1b7c,0); //texture stage 1 BumpEnvMatLightOffset=0.0f
    p=pb_push3(p,0x03c0,0,0,0); //texture stages 0 TexCoordIndex="passthru"
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1b24,0); //texture stage 0 BorderColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push1(p,0x0ae0,0); //texture stage 0 ColorKeyColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1ba8,0); //texture stage 2 BumpEnvMat00=0.0f (stage +1 because no pixel shader used yet)
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bac,0); //texture stage 2 BumpEnvMat01=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bb0,0);//texture stage 2 BumpEnvMat11=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bb4,0); //texture stage 2 BumpEnvMat10=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bb8,0); //texture stage 2 BumpEnvMatLightScale=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bbc,0); //texture stage 2 BumpEnvMatLightOffset=0.0f
    p=pb_push3(p,0x03d0,0,0,0); //texture stages 1 TexCoordIndex="passthru"
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1b64,0); //texture stage 1 BorderColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push1(p,0x0ae4,0); //texture stage 1 ColorKeyColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1be8,0); //texture stage 3 BumpEnvMat00=0.0f (stage +1 because no pixel shader used yet)
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bec,0); //texture stage 3 BumpEnvMat01=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bf0,0);//texture stage 3 BumpEnvMat11=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bf4,0); //texture stage 3 BumpEnvMat10=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bf8,0); //texture stage 3 BumpEnvMatLightScale=0.0f
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1bfc,0); //texture stage 3 BumpEnvMatLightOffset=0.0f
    p=pb_push3(p,0x03e0,0,0,0); //texture stages 2 TexCoordIndex="passthru"
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1ba4,0); //texture stage 2 BorderColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push1(p,0x0ae8,0); //texture stage 2 ColorKeyColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push3(p,0x03f0,0,0,0); //texture stages 3 TexCoordIndex="passthru"
    p=pb_push1(p,0x1be4,0); //texture stage 3 BorderColor=0x000000
    p=pb_push1(p,0x0aec,0); //texture stage 3 ColorKeyColor=0x000000
    pb_end(p);

    memset((DWORD *)pb_FBAddr[0],0,pb_FBSize);
    memset((DWORD *)pb_DSAddr,0,pb_DSSize);

    pb_back_index=1;        //frame buffer #1 is the back buffer for now
    pb_target_back_buffer();    //tells GPU what is the frame buffer target

    pb_front_index=0;       //frame buffer #0 is the front buffer for now
    pb_show_front_screen();     //show it

    pb_shutdown_registration.NotificationRoutine = pb_shutdown_notification_routine;
    pb_shutdown_registration.Priority = 0;
    HalRegisterShutdownNotification(&pb_shutdown_registration, TRUE);

    return 0;
}

static NTAPI VOID pb_shutdown_notification_routine (PHAL_SHUTDOWN_REGISTRATION ShutdownRegistration)
{
	pb_kill();
}