day6.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "21f60df5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Read json to csv"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "id": "1d52c092",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = '{\"employee_name\":\"james\", \"email\":\"james@gmail.com\", \"job_profile\":[{\"title1\":\"team lead\", \"title\":\"sr.developer\"}]}'\n",
    "pd.read_json(data)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "id": "f49f76f7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'{\"employee_name\":\"james\", \"email\":\"james@gmail.com\", \"job_profile\":[{\"title1\":\"team lead\", \"title\":\"sr.developer\"}]}'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 66,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "id": "effc5a36",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "\n",
    "json = pd.read_json('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/chrisalbon/simulated_datasets/master/data.json')\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "id": "027e7c9b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>integer</th>\n",
       "      <th>datetime</th>\n",
       "      <th>category</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:00:00</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:00:01</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:00:02</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:00:03</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:00:04</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>95</th>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:01:35</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>96</th>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:01:36</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>97</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:01:37</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>98</th>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:01:38</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>99</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2015-01-01 00:01:39</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>100 rows × 3 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "    integer            datetime  category\n",
       "0         5 2015-01-01 00:00:00         0\n",
       "1         5 2015-01-01 00:00:01         0\n",
       "2         9 2015-01-01 00:00:02         0\n",
       "3         6 2015-01-01 00:00:03         0\n",
       "4         6 2015-01-01 00:00:04         0\n",
       "..      ...                 ...       ...\n",
       "95        9 2015-01-01 00:01:35         0\n",
       "96        8 2015-01-01 00:01:36         0\n",
       "97        6 2015-01-01 00:01:37         0\n",
       "98        8 2015-01-01 00:01:38         0\n",
       "99        1 2015-01-01 00:01:39         0\n",
       "\n",
       "[100 rows x 3 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "json\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "id": "cc649bb7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "## read HTML content"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "id": "eee9010e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "url='https://www.fdic.gov/resources/resolutions/bank-failures/failed-bank-list/'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "id": "d92133c0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df1=pd.read_html(url)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "id": "ccc1cc40",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[                         Bank NameBank           CityCity StateSt  CertCert  \\\n",
       " 0                  First Republic Bank      San Francisco      CA     59017   \n",
       " 1                       Signature Bank           New York      NY     57053   \n",
       " 2                  Silicon Valley Bank        Santa Clara      CA     24735   \n",
       " 3                    Almena State Bank             Almena      KS     15426   \n",
       " 4           First City Bank of Florida  Fort Walton Beach      FL     16748   \n",
       " ..                                 ...                ...     ...       ...   \n",
       " 561                 Superior Bank, FSB           Hinsdale      IL     32646   \n",
       " 562                Malta National Bank              Malta      OH      6629   \n",
       " 563    First Alliance Bank & Trust Co.         Manchester      NH     34264   \n",
       " 564  National State Bank of Metropolis         Metropolis      IL      3815   \n",
       " 565                   Bank of Honolulu           Honolulu      HI     21029   \n",
       " \n",
       "                  Acquiring InstitutionAI Closing DateClosing  FundFund  \n",
       " 0              JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.         May 1, 2023     10543  \n",
       " 1                    Flagstar Bank, N.A.      March 12, 2023     10540  \n",
       " 2    First–Citizens Bank & Trust Company      March 10, 2023     10539  \n",
       " 3                            Equity Bank    October 23, 2020     10538  \n",
       " 4              United Fidelity Bank, fsb    October 16, 2020     10537  \n",
       " ..                                   ...                 ...       ...  \n",
       " 561                Superior Federal, FSB       July 27, 2001      6004  \n",
       " 562                    North Valley Bank         May 3, 2001      4648  \n",
       " 563  Southern New Hampshire Bank & Trust    February 2, 2001      4647  \n",
       " 564              Banterra Bank of Marion   December 14, 2000      4646  \n",
       " 565                   Bank of the Orient    October 13, 2000      4645  \n",
       " \n",
       " [566 rows x 7 columns]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df1\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "id": "a8788cc5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Requirement already satisfied: lxml in c:\\users\\ankit\\anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages (4.6.3)\n",
      "Requirement already satisfied: html5lib in c:\\users\\ankit\\anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages (1.1)\n",
      "Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.9 in c:\\users\\ankit\\anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages (from html5lib) (1.16.0)\n",
      "Requirement already satisfied: webencodings in c:\\users\\ankit\\anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages (from html5lib) (0.5.1)\n",
      "Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pip install lxml html5lib"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "id": "45c107c0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): ...working... done\n",
      "Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\n",
      "The environment is inconsistent, please check the package plan carefully\n",
      "The following packages are causing the inconsistency:\n",
      "\n",
      "  - conda-forge/win-64::aiohttp==3.8.1=py39hb82d6ee_1\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::anaconda==custom=py39_1\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::anaconda-navigator==2.2.0=py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::async-timeout==4.0.2=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::black==19.10b0=py_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::bleach==4.0.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::conda-token==0.3.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::dask==2021.10.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::dask-core==2021.10.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::datashader==0.14.1=pyh6c4a22f_1\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::distributed==2021.10.0=py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::google-api-core==2.8.2=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::google-auth==2.9.0=pyh6c4a22f_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::google-cloud-core==2.3.1=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::google-cloud-storage==2.4.0=pyh6c4a22f_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::holoviews==1.14.9=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::hvplot==0.8.0=pyh6c4a22f_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::intake==0.6.5=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::ipywidgets==7.6.5=pyhd3eb1b0_1\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::jupyter==1.0.0=py39haa95532_7\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::jupyterlab==3.2.1=pyhd3eb1b0_1\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::jupyterlab_server==2.8.2=pyhd3eb1b0_0\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::jupyter_server==1.4.1=py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::nbclassic==0.2.6=pyhd3eb1b0_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::nbconvert==7.0.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::nbconvert-core==7.0.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::nbconvert-pandoc==7.0.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::nbconvert-webpdf==7.0.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::notebook==6.4.5=py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::numpydoc==1.1.0=pyhd3eb1b0_1\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::pytest==6.2.4=py39haa95532_2\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::python-lsp-black==1.0.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::scikit-image==0.18.3=py39hf11a4ad_0\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::scrapy==2.6.1=py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::sphinx==4.2.0=pyhd3eb1b0_1\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::spyder==5.1.5=py39haa95532_1\n",
      "  - conda-forge/win-64::twisted==22.4.0=py39hb82d6ee_1\n",
      "  - defaults/noarch::typing-extensions==3.10.0.2=hd3eb1b0_0\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::widgetsnbextension==3.5.1=py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  - conda-forge/noarch::xarray==2022.3.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::_anaconda_depends==2022.05=py39_0\n",
      "  - defaults/win-64::_ipyw_jlab_nb_ext_conf==0.1.0=py39haa95532_0\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "==> WARNING: A newer version of conda exists. <==\n",
      "  current version: 4.14.0\n",
      "  latest version: 23.3.1\n",
      "\n",
      "Please update conda by running\n",
      "\n",
      "    $ conda update -n base -c defaults conda\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\n",
      "Solving environment: ...working... done\n",
      "\n",
      "## Package Plan ##\n",
      "\n",
      "  environment location: C:\\Users\\ankit\\anaconda3\n",
      "\n",
      "  added / updated specs:\n",
      "    - html5lib\n",
      "    - lxml\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "The following packages will be downloaded:\n",
      "\n",
      "    package                    |            build\n",
      "    ---------------------------|-----------------\n",
      "    bokeh-2.4.3                |   py39haa95532_0         7.6 MB\n",
      "    ca-certificates-2023.01.10 |       haa95532_0         121 KB\n",
      "    certifi-2023.5.7           |   py39haa95532_0         153 KB\n",
      "    openssl-1.1.1t             |       h2bbff1b_0         5.5 MB\n",
      "    packaging-23.0             |   py39haa95532_0          69 KB\n",
      "    panel-0.14.3               |   py39haa95532_0        12.6 MB\n",
      "    statsmodels-0.13.5         |   py39h080aedc_1         9.6 MB\n",
      "    typing-extensions-4.5.0    |   py39haa95532_0           9 KB\n",
      "    typing_extensions-4.5.0    |   py39haa95532_0          48 KB\n",
      "    ------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "                                           Total:        35.8 MB\n",
      "\n",
      "The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:\n",
      "\n",
      "  bokeh              pkgs/main/win-64::bokeh-2.4.3-py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  packaging          pkgs/main/win-64::packaging-23.0-py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  panel              pkgs/main/win-64::panel-0.14.3-py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  statsmodels        pkgs/main/win-64::statsmodels-0.13.5-py39h080aedc_1\n",
      "  typing_extensions  pkgs/main/win-64::typing_extensions-4.5.0-py39haa95532_0\n",
      "\n",
      "The following packages will be UPDATED:\n",
      "\n",
      "  ca-certificates    conda-forge/label/broken::ca-certific~ --> pkgs/main::ca-certificates-2023.01.10-haa95532_0\n",
      "  certifi            conda-forge/noarch::certifi-2022.6.15~ --> pkgs/main/win-64::certifi-2023.5.7-py39haa95532_0\n",
      "  openssl                                 1.1.1q-h2bbff1b_0 --> 1.1.1t-h2bbff1b_0\n",
      "  typing-extensions  pkgs/main/noarch::typing-extensions-3~ --> pkgs/main/win-64::typing-extensions-4.5.0-py39haa95532_0\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "Downloading and Extracting Packages\n",
      "\n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    |            |   0% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    |            |   0% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | 5          |   6% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | #4         |  14% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | ##5        |  25% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | ###7       |  38% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | #####      |  50% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | ######2    |  62% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | #######5   |  75% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | ########6  |  87% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | #########8 |  99% \n",
      "statsmodels-0.13.5   | 9.6 MB    | ########## | 100% \n",
      "\n",
      "ca-certificates-2023 | 121 KB    |            |   0% \n",
      "ca-certificates-2023 | 121 KB    | ########## | 100% \n",
      "ca-certificates-2023 | 121 KB    | ########## | 100% \n",
      "\n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    |            |   0% \n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    | 5          |   6% \n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    | ##3        |  24% \n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    | ###9       |  40% \n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    | #####4     |  54% \n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    | ######8    |  69% \n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    | ########4  |  84% \n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    | #########8 |  99% \n",
      "bokeh-2.4.3          | 7.6 MB    | ########## | 100% \n",
      "\n",
      "certifi-2023.5.7     | 153 KB    |            |   0% \n",
      "certifi-2023.5.7     | 153 KB    | ########## | 100% \n",
      "certifi-2023.5.7     | 153 KB    | ########## | 100% \n",
      "\n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   |            |   0% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | 4          |   5% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | #4         |  14% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | ##6        |  26% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | ###8       |  38% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | ####7      |  48% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | #####7     |  57% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | ######5    |  66% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | #######4   |  74% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | ########5  |  86% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | #########4 |  95% \n",
      "panel-0.14.3         | 12.6 MB   | ########## | 100% \n",
      "\n",
      "packaging-23.0       | 69 KB     |            |   0% \n",
      "packaging-23.0       | 69 KB     | ########## | 100% \n",
      "packaging-23.0       | 69 KB     | ########## | 100% \n",
      "\n",
      "typing_extensions-4. | 48 KB     |            |   0% \n",
      "typing_extensions-4. | 48 KB     | ########## | 100% \n",
      "typing_extensions-4. | 48 KB     | ########## | 100% \n",
      "\n",
      "openssl-1.1.1t       | 5.5 MB    |            |   0% \n",
      "openssl-1.1.1t       | 5.5 MB    | 7          |   8% \n",
      "openssl-1.1.1t       | 5.5 MB    | ##9        |  29% \n",
      "openssl-1.1.1t       | 5.5 MB    | ####7      |  48% \n",
      "openssl-1.1.1t       | 5.5 MB    | #######3   |  74% \n",
      "openssl-1.1.1t       | 5.5 MB    | #########3 |  94% \n",
      "openssl-1.1.1t       | 5.5 MB    | ########## | 100% \n",
      "\n",
      "typing-extensions-4. | 9 KB      |            |   0% \n",
      "typing-extensions-4. | 9 KB      | ########## | 100% \n",
      "typing-extensions-4. | 9 KB      | ########## | 100% \n",
      "Preparing transaction: ...working... done\n",
      "Verifying transaction: ...working... done\n",
      "Executing transaction: ...working... done\n",
      "Retrieving notices: ...working... done\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "conda install lxml html5lib"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "id": "44eaf09d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.read_html('https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic', index_col=0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "id": "e744a26d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[                                                                                  COVID-19 pandemic.1\n",
       " COVID-19 pandemic                                                                                    \n",
       " Medical professionals treating a COVID-19 patie...  Medical professionals treating a COVID-19 pati...\n",
       " Confirmed deaths per 100,000 populationas of 19...  Confirmed deaths per 100,000 populationas of 1...\n",
       " Cases per capita Cumulative percentage of popul...  Cases per capita Cumulative percentage of popu...\n",
       " Cases per capita                                                                     Cases per capita\n",
       " NaN                                                                                               NaN\n",
       " Cumulative percentage of population infectedas ...  Cumulative percentage of population infectedas...\n",
       " Disease                                                           Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)\n",
       " Virus strain                                        Severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2...\n",
       " Source                                                                  Bats,[1] likely indirectly[2]\n",
       " Location                                                                                    Worldwide\n",
       " Index case                                          Wuhan, China.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw...\n",
       " Date                                                First case of COVID-19: 17 November 2019 Publi...\n",
       " Confirmed cases                                                                        766,440,032[3]\n",
       " Deaths                                              6,932,578[3] (reported) 16.9–30 million[4] (es...\n",
       " Fatality rate                                                                                     [5],\n",
       "                                                                                    Cases per capita.1\n",
       " Cases per capita                                                                                     \n",
       " NaN                                                                                               NaN\n",
       " Cumulative percentage of population infectedas ...  Cumulative percentage of population infectedas...,\n",
       " Empty DataFrame\n",
       " Columns: []\n",
       " Index: [Part of a series on the, COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 (disease) SARS-CoV-2 (virus) Cases Deaths, Timeline 2019 2020 January responses February responses March responses April responses May responses June responses July responses August responses September responses October responses November responses December responses 2021 January responses February responses March responses April responses May responses June responses July responses August responses September responses October responses November responses December responses 2022 January responses February responses March responses April responses May responses June responses July responses August responses September responses October responses November December 2023 January February March April May, Locations By country and territory Africa Antarctica Asia Europe North America Oceania South America By conveyance Cruise ships Naval ships, International response Endemic phase Evacuations Face masks International aid Investigations into origin Lockdowns by country Misinformation by governments Fake treatments Social distancing Software Travel United Nations World Health Organization WTO IP waiver Undercounting of deaths COVID-19 apps Zero-COVID National responses Africa China European Union Germany Ghana India Ireland Netherlands New Zealand Nigeria Philippines Russia Sweden UK government US federal government Vietnam, Medical response Disease testing Breathalyzer Development Drug development Drug repurposing Public health mitigation Vaccines History Research VITT Deployment Authorizations Operation Warp Speed Misinformation and hesitancy US Vaccine card Vaccine passports Current vaccines CoronaVac Covaxin Convidecia Janssen Medigen Moderna Novavax Oxford–AstraZeneca Pfizer–BioNTech Sinopharm BIBP Sputnik V, Variants Variants of concern Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Omicron Other variants Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Cluster 5 Lineage B.1.617, Economic impact and recession Arts and culture Aviation Cannabis Cinema films Disney Fashion Financial markets Food industry Food security Journalism Music Performing arts Retail Shipping Television US sportscasting programs Tourism Video games By country Canada India Ireland Malaysia New Zealand Russia UK US By sport Association football Baseball Basketball Combat sports Cricket Disc golf Gaelic games Gridiron football Ice hockey Motorsport Rugby league, Impacts Animals Black people Crime Death rates by country Disability Domestic violence Emergency evacuations Education Female Environment Hospitals Language LGBT community Long-term care Media coverage Mental health symptoms Migration Military Notable deaths Other health issues Politics diplomacy Popular culture Protests Pregnancy Prisons Religion Catholic Church Hajj Science and technology Social media Strikes Suicides Telehealth Xenophobia and racism Society Ireland Malaysia New Zealand Russia UK US, COVID-19 portal, .mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:\"[ \"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:\" ]\"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}vte],\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " For country-level data, see:                                             For country-level data, see:\n",
       " COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory                 COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory\n",
       " NaN                                                                                               NaN\n",
       " Cases766,440,032[3]Deaths6,932,578[3] As of 24 ...  Cases766,440,032[3]Deaths6,932,578[3] As of 24...,\n",
       "               IFR\n",
       " Age group        \n",
       " 0–34       0.004%\n",
       " 35–44      0.068%\n",
       " 45–54       0.23%\n",
       " 55–64       0.75%\n",
       " 65–74        2.5%\n",
       " 75–84        8.5%\n",
       " 85 +        28.3%,\n",
       "            Lineage      Detected  Countries Priority\n",
       " Name                                                \n",
       " Alpha      B.1.1.7            UK        190      VoC\n",
       " Beta       B.1.351  South Africa        140      VoC\n",
       " Delta    B.1.617.2         India        170      VoC\n",
       " Gamma          P.1        Brazil         90      VoC\n",
       " Lambda        C.37          Peru         30      VoI\n",
       " Mu         B.1.621      Colombia         57      VoI\n",
       " Omicron  B.1.1.529      Botswana        149      VoC,\n",
       "                                                                                vteCOVID-19 pandemic.1\n",
       " vteCOVID-19 pandemic                                                                                 \n",
       " COVID-19 (disease) SARS-CoV-2 (virus)                           COVID-19 (disease) SARS-CoV-2 (virus)\n",
       " TimelinePre-pandemic Severe acute respiratory s...  TimelinePre-pandemic Severe acute respiratory ...\n",
       " Timeline                                                                                     Timeline\n",
       " Pre-pandemic Severe acute respiratory syndrome ...  Pre-pandemic Severe acute respiratory syndrome...\n",
       " Pre-pandemic                                        Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Middl...\n",
       " ...                                                                                               ...\n",
       " Deaths                                                                                           List\n",
       " Data (templates) Cases, deaths, recoveries by c...  Data (templates) Cases, deaths, recoveries by ...\n",
       " Data (templates)                                                                     Data (templates)\n",
       " Cases, deaths, recoveries by country WHO situat...  Cases, deaths, recoveries by country WHO situa...\n",
       " Category  COVID-19 portal                                                   Category  COVID-19 portal\n",
       " \n",
       " [116 rows x 1 columns],\n",
       "                                                                                            Timeline.1\n",
       " Timeline                                                                                             \n",
       " Pre-pandemic Severe acute respiratory syndrome ...  Pre-pandemic Severe acute respiratory syndrome...\n",
       " Pre-pandemic                                        Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Middl...\n",
       " 2020                                                January responses February responses March res...\n",
       " 2021                                                January responses February responses March res...\n",
       " 2022                                                January responses February responses March res...\n",
       " 2023                                                                 January February March April May,\n",
       "                                                               1\n",
       " 0                                                              \n",
       " Pre-pandemic  Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Middl...\n",
       " 2020          January responses February responses March res...\n",
       " 2021          January responses February responses March res...\n",
       " 2022          January responses February responses March res...\n",
       " 2023                           January February March April May,\n",
       "                                                                                           Locations.1\n",
       " Locations                                                                                            \n",
       " Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania South ...  Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania South...,\n",
       "                                                                                              Impact.1\n",
       " Impact                                                                                               \n",
       " Culture andentertainment Arts and cultural heri...  Culture andentertainment Arts and cultural her...\n",
       " Culture andentertainment                            Arts and cultural heritage references in popul...\n",
       " Arts and cultural heritage references in popula...  Arts and cultural heritage references in popul...\n",
       " Education                                           Female education Homeschooling By country Ghan...\n",
       " Female education Homeschooling                                         Female education Homeschooling\n",
       " By country                                          Ghana Ireland United Kingdom exam grading cont...\n",
       " Sports                                              Bio-secure bubble By country Ireland Philippin...\n",
       " Bio-secure bubble                                                                   Bio-secure bubble\n",
       " By country                                                                        Ireland Philippines\n",
       " By sport                                            Association football Baseball Basketball NBA C...\n",
       " Society and rights                                  Social impact Social media Stigma COVID-19 par...\n",
       " Social impact                                       Social media Stigma COVID-19 parties Children ...\n",
       " Labor                                               Healthcare workers Indian migrant workers Grea...\n",
       " Human rights                                        Argentina Hong Kong Myanmar North Korea Turkme...\n",
       " Legal                                               Abortion in the U.S. Crime Ireland Domestic vi...\n",
       " Minority                                            Gender LGBT community African-American communi...\n",
       " Religion                                                                         Catholic Church Hajj\n",
       " Economic                                            Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel rest...\n",
       " Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel restr...  Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel rest...\n",
       " By country                                          Canada India Ireland COVID-19 Pandemic Unemplo...\n",
       " By industry                                         Aviation Airlines Cannabis industry Food indus...\n",
       " Supply and trade                                    Shortages Chip supply Energy Global supply cha...\n",
       " Financial markets                                   Global stock market crash COVID-19 recession I...\n",
       " Information                                         Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response...\n",
       " Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response         Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response\n",
       " Misinformation                                      Governments Canada China United States By coun...\n",
       " Politics                                            National responses Legislation European Union ...\n",
       " National responses Legislation European Union           National responses Legislation European Union\n",
       " Political impact                                                              Ireland Malaysia Russia\n",
       " Protests                                            Canada convoy protest China Italy Germany Idar...\n",
       " International relations                             Aid Italy Moldovan–Romanian collaboration Resp...\n",
       " Language                                            Anthropause Doomscrolling Flattening the curve...\n",
       " Others                                              Animals Cluster 5 Environment Military Pregnan...,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Culture andentertainment                            Arts and cultural heritage references in popul...\n",
       " Arts and cultural heritage references in popula...  Arts and cultural heritage references in popul...\n",
       " Education                                           Female education Homeschooling By country Ghan...\n",
       " Female education Homeschooling                                         Female education Homeschooling\n",
       " By country                                          Ghana Ireland United Kingdom exam grading cont...\n",
       " Sports                                              Bio-secure bubble By country Ireland Philippin...\n",
       " Bio-secure bubble                                                                   Bio-secure bubble\n",
       " By country                                                                        Ireland Philippines\n",
       " By sport                                            Association football Baseball Basketball NBA C...\n",
       " Society and rights                                  Social impact Social media Stigma COVID-19 par...\n",
       " Social impact                                       Social media Stigma COVID-19 parties Children ...\n",
       " Labor                                               Healthcare workers Indian migrant workers Grea...\n",
       " Human rights                                        Argentina Hong Kong Myanmar North Korea Turkme...\n",
       " Legal                                               Abortion in the U.S. Crime Ireland Domestic vi...\n",
       " Minority                                            Gender LGBT community African-American communi...\n",
       " Religion                                                                         Catholic Church Hajj\n",
       " Economic                                            Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel rest...\n",
       " Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel restr...  Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel rest...\n",
       " By country                                          Canada India Ireland COVID-19 Pandemic Unemplo...\n",
       " By industry                                         Aviation Airlines Cannabis industry Food indus...\n",
       " Supply and trade                                    Shortages Chip supply Energy Global supply cha...\n",
       " Financial markets                                   Global stock market crash COVID-19 recession I...\n",
       " Information                                         Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response...\n",
       " Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response         Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response\n",
       " Misinformation                                      Governments Canada China United States By coun...\n",
       " Politics                                            National responses Legislation European Union ...\n",
       " National responses Legislation European Union           National responses Legislation European Union\n",
       " Political impact                                                              Ireland Malaysia Russia\n",
       " Protests                                            Canada convoy protest China Italy Germany Idar...\n",
       " International relations                             Aid Italy Moldovan–Romanian collaboration Resp...\n",
       " Language                                            Anthropause Doomscrolling Flattening the curve...\n",
       " Others                                              Animals Cluster 5 Environment Military Pregnan...,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Arts and cultural heritage references in popula...  Arts and cultural heritage references in popul...\n",
       " Education                                           Female education Homeschooling By country Ghan...\n",
       " Female education Homeschooling                                         Female education Homeschooling\n",
       " By country                                          Ghana Ireland United Kingdom exam grading cont...\n",
       " Sports                                              Bio-secure bubble By country Ireland Philippin...\n",
       " Bio-secure bubble                                                                   Bio-secure bubble\n",
       " By country                                                                        Ireland Philippines\n",
       " By sport                                            Association football Baseball Basketball NBA C...,\n",
       "                                                                                 1\n",
       " 0                                                                                \n",
       " Female education Homeschooling                     Female education Homeschooling\n",
       " By country                      Ghana Ireland United Kingdom exam grading cont...,\n",
       "                                                                    1\n",
       " 0                                                                   \n",
       " Bio-secure bubble                                  Bio-secure bubble\n",
       " By country                                       Ireland Philippines\n",
       " By sport           Association football Baseball Basketball NBA C...,\n",
       "                                                                1\n",
       " 0                                                               \n",
       " Social impact  Social media Stigma COVID-19 parties Children ...\n",
       " Labor          Healthcare workers Indian migrant workers Grea...\n",
       " Human rights   Argentina Hong Kong Myanmar North Korea Turkme...\n",
       " Legal          Abortion in the U.S. Crime Ireland Domestic vi...\n",
       " Minority       Gender LGBT community African-American communi...\n",
       " Religion                                    Catholic Church Hajj,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel restr...  Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel rest...\n",
       " By country                                          Canada India Ireland COVID-19 Pandemic Unemplo...\n",
       " By industry                                         Aviation Airlines Cannabis industry Food indus...\n",
       " Supply and trade                                    Shortages Chip supply Energy Global supply cha...\n",
       " Financial markets                                   Global stock market crash COVID-19 recession I...,\n",
       "                                                                                                 1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                \n",
       " Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response     Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response\n",
       " Misinformation                                  Governments Canada China United States By coun...,\n",
       "                                                                                                1\n",
       " 0                                                                                               \n",
       " National responses Legislation European Union      National responses Legislation European Union\n",
       " Political impact                                                         Ireland Malaysia Russia\n",
       " Protests                                       Canada convoy protest China Italy Germany Idar...\n",
       " International relations                        Aid Italy Moldovan–Romanian collaboration Resp...,\n",
       "                                                                                       Health issues.1\n",
       " Health issues                                                                                        \n",
       " Medical topics Transmission Symptoms Cancer End...  Medical topics Transmission Symptoms Cancer En...\n",
       " Medical topics                                      Transmission Symptoms Cancer Endemic COVID-19 ...\n",
       " Testing andepidemiology                             Datasets Death rates by country Disease testin...\n",
       " Datasets Death rates by country Disease testing...  Datasets Death rates by country Disease testin...\n",
       " Apps                                                Aarogya Setu BlueTrace careFIJI Coronavirus Au...\n",
       " Prevention                                          Air purifier (Corsi–Rosenthal Box) Chloroquine...\n",
       " Vaccines                                            Topics Authorizations Clinical research Deploy...\n",
       " Topics                                              Authorizations Clinical research Deployment De...\n",
       " Authorized                                          DNA ZyCoV-D Inactivated Chinese Academy of Med...\n",
       " DNA                                                                                           ZyCoV-D\n",
       " Inactivated                                         Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences CoronaVac ...\n",
       " mRNA                                                                          Moderna Pfizer–BioNTech\n",
       " Subunit                                             Abdala Corbevax (Bio E COVID-19) COVAX-19 EpiV...\n",
       " Viral vector                                        Convidecia Janssen Oxford–AstraZeneca Sputnik ...\n",
       " Virus-like particles                                                                            CoVLP\n",
       " In trials                                           Attenuated COVI-VAC (United States) DNA AG0302...\n",
       " Attenuated                                                                   COVI-VAC (United States)\n",
       " DNA                                                                      AG0302-COVID‑19 GX-19 Inovio\n",
       " Inactivated                                                                          KD-414 NDV-HXP-S\n",
       " RNA                                                 ARCT-021 ARCT-154 Bangavax CureVac (terminated...\n",
       " Subunit                                             202-CoV AKS-452 EuCorVac-19 IVX-411 Nanocovax ...\n",
       " Viral vector                                        AdCLD-CoV19 BriLife COH04S1 DelNS1-2019-nCoV-R...\n",
       " Virus-like particles                                               ABNCoV2 LYB001 MigVax-101 VBI-2902\n",
       " Deploymentby location                               Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina F...\n",
       " Africa                                              Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Bur...\n",
       " Asia                                                Bangladesh Bhutan Mainland China India Indones...\n",
       " Europe                                              Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croati...\n",
       " North America                                       Canada Ontario Quebec Cuba Haiti Mexico United...\n",
       " Oceania                                                                    Australia Fiji New Zealand\n",
       " South America                                                          Argentina Brazil Colombia Peru\n",
       " Others                                                                                     Antarctica\n",
       " Treatment                                           Drug development Drug repurposing research Bar...\n",
       " Drug development Drug repurposing research Bari...  Drug development Drug repurposing research Bar...\n",
       " Monoclonal antibodies                               Bamlanivimab/etesevimab Bamlanivimab Etesevima...\n",
       " Small molecule antivirals                           Broad-spectrum Ensitrelvir Molnupiravir Remdes...,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Medical topics                                      Transmission Symptoms Cancer Endemic COVID-19 ...\n",
       " Testing andepidemiology                             Datasets Death rates by country Disease testin...\n",
       " Datasets Death rates by country Disease testing...  Datasets Death rates by country Disease testin...\n",
       " Apps                                                Aarogya Setu BlueTrace careFIJI Coronavirus Au...\n",
       " Prevention                                          Air purifier (Corsi–Rosenthal Box) Chloroquine...\n",
       " Vaccines                                            Topics Authorizations Clinical research Deploy...\n",
       " Topics                                              Authorizations Clinical research Deployment De...\n",
       " Authorized                                          DNA ZyCoV-D Inactivated Chinese Academy of Med...\n",
       " DNA                                                                                           ZyCoV-D\n",
       " Inactivated                                         Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences CoronaVac ...\n",
       " mRNA                                                                          Moderna Pfizer–BioNTech\n",
       " Subunit                                             Abdala Corbevax (Bio E COVID-19) COVAX-19 EpiV...\n",
       " Viral vector                                        Convidecia Janssen Oxford–AstraZeneca Sputnik ...\n",
       " Virus-like particles                                                                            CoVLP\n",
       " In trials                                           Attenuated COVI-VAC (United States) DNA AG0302...\n",
       " Attenuated                                                                   COVI-VAC (United States)\n",
       " DNA                                                                      AG0302-COVID‑19 GX-19 Inovio\n",
       " Inactivated                                                                          KD-414 NDV-HXP-S\n",
       " RNA                                                 ARCT-021 ARCT-154 Bangavax CureVac (terminated...\n",
       " Subunit                                             202-CoV AKS-452 EuCorVac-19 IVX-411 Nanocovax ...\n",
       " Viral vector                                        AdCLD-CoV19 BriLife COH04S1 DelNS1-2019-nCoV-R...\n",
       " Virus-like particles                                               ABNCoV2 LYB001 MigVax-101 VBI-2902\n",
       " Deploymentby location                               Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina F...\n",
       " Africa                                              Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Bur...\n",
       " Asia                                                Bangladesh Bhutan Mainland China India Indones...\n",
       " Europe                                              Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croati...\n",
       " North America                                       Canada Ontario Quebec Cuba Haiti Mexico United...\n",
       " Oceania                                                                    Australia Fiji New Zealand\n",
       " South America                                                          Argentina Brazil Colombia Peru\n",
       " Others                                                                                     Antarctica\n",
       " Treatment                                           Drug development Drug repurposing research Bar...\n",
       " Drug development Drug repurposing research Bari...  Drug development Drug repurposing research Bar...\n",
       " Monoclonal antibodies                               Bamlanivimab/etesevimab Bamlanivimab Etesevima...\n",
       " Small molecule antivirals                           Broad-spectrum Ensitrelvir Molnupiravir Remdes...,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Datasets Death rates by country Disease testing...  Datasets Death rates by country Disease testin...\n",
       " Apps                                                Aarogya Setu BlueTrace careFIJI Coronavirus Au...,\n",
       "                                                                        1\n",
       " 0                                                                       \n",
       " Topics                 Authorizations Clinical research Deployment De...\n",
       " Authorized             DNA ZyCoV-D Inactivated Chinese Academy of Med...\n",
       " DNA                                                              ZyCoV-D\n",
       " Inactivated            Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences CoronaVac ...\n",
       " mRNA                                             Moderna Pfizer–BioNTech\n",
       " Subunit                Abdala Corbevax (Bio E COVID-19) COVAX-19 EpiV...\n",
       " Viral vector           Convidecia Janssen Oxford–AstraZeneca Sputnik ...\n",
       " Virus-like particles                                               CoVLP\n",
       " In trials              Attenuated COVI-VAC (United States) DNA AG0302...\n",
       " Attenuated                                      COVI-VAC (United States)\n",
       " DNA                                         AG0302-COVID‑19 GX-19 Inovio\n",
       " Inactivated                                             KD-414 NDV-HXP-S\n",
       " RNA                    ARCT-021 ARCT-154 Bangavax CureVac (terminated...\n",
       " Subunit                202-CoV AKS-452 EuCorVac-19 IVX-411 Nanocovax ...\n",
       " Viral vector           AdCLD-CoV19 BriLife COH04S1 DelNS1-2019-nCoV-R...\n",
       " Virus-like particles                  ABNCoV2 LYB001 MigVax-101 VBI-2902\n",
       " Deploymentby location  Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina F...\n",
       " Africa                 Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Bur...\n",
       " Asia                   Bangladesh Bhutan Mainland China India Indones...\n",
       " Europe                 Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croati...\n",
       " North America          Canada Ontario Quebec Cuba Haiti Mexico United...\n",
       " Oceania                                       Australia Fiji New Zealand\n",
       " South America                             Argentina Brazil Colombia Peru\n",
       " Others                                                        Antarctica,\n",
       "                                                                       1\n",
       " 0                                                                      \n",
       " DNA                                                             ZyCoV-D\n",
       " Inactivated           Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences CoronaVac ...\n",
       " mRNA                                            Moderna Pfizer–BioNTech\n",
       " Subunit               Abdala Corbevax (Bio E COVID-19) COVAX-19 EpiV...\n",
       " Viral vector          Convidecia Janssen Oxford–AstraZeneca Sputnik ...\n",
       " Virus-like particles                                              CoVLP,\n",
       "                                                                       1\n",
       " 0                                                                      \n",
       " Attenuated                                     COVI-VAC (United States)\n",
       " DNA                                        AG0302-COVID‑19 GX-19 Inovio\n",
       " Inactivated                                            KD-414 NDV-HXP-S\n",
       " RNA                   ARCT-021 ARCT-154 Bangavax CureVac (terminated...\n",
       " Subunit               202-CoV AKS-452 EuCorVac-19 IVX-411 Nanocovax ...\n",
       " Viral vector          AdCLD-CoV19 BriLife COH04S1 DelNS1-2019-nCoV-R...\n",
       " Virus-like particles                 ABNCoV2 LYB001 MigVax-101 VBI-2902,\n",
       "                                                                1\n",
       " 0                                                               \n",
       " Africa         Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Bur...\n",
       " Asia           Bangladesh Bhutan Mainland China India Indones...\n",
       " Europe         Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croati...\n",
       " North America  Canada Ontario Quebec Cuba Haiti Mexico United...\n",
       " Oceania                               Australia Fiji New Zealand\n",
       " South America                     Argentina Brazil Colombia Peru\n",
       " Others                                                Antarctica,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Drug development Drug repurposing research Bari...  Drug development Drug repurposing research Bar...\n",
       " Monoclonal antibodies                               Bamlanivimab/etesevimab Bamlanivimab Etesevima...\n",
       " Small molecule antivirals                           Broad-spectrum Ensitrelvir Molnupiravir Remdes...,\n",
       "                                                                                            Variants.1\n",
       " Variants                                                                                             \n",
       " Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta I...  Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta ...\n",
       " Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta I...  Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta ...\n",
       " Cluster 5 Lineage B.1.617 Lineage B.1.640.2 Var...  Cluster 5 Lineage B.1.617 Lineage B.1.640.2 Va...,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta I...  Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta ...\n",
       " Cluster 5 Lineage B.1.617 Lineage B.1.640.2 Var...  Cluster 5 Lineage B.1.617 Lineage B.1.640.2 Va...,\n",
       "                                                                                        Institutions.1\n",
       " Institutions                                                                                         \n",
       " Hospitals andmedical clinicsMainland China Cent...  Hospitals andmedical clinicsMainland China Cen...\n",
       " Hospitals andmedical clinics                        Mainland China Central Hospital of Wuhan Dabie...\n",
       " Mainland China                                      Central Hospital of Wuhan Dabie Mountain Regio...\n",
       " Others                                              Hospital ships Garran Surge Centre (Australia)...\n",
       " Organizations                                       Global Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Inn...\n",
       " Global                                              Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation...\n",
       " By location                                         National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (C...\n",
       " National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (Ca...  National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (C...\n",
       " Healthinstitutes                                    Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevent...\n",
       " Pandemicinstitutes                                  National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board (A...\n",
       " Relief funds                                        PM CARES Fund (India) SAARC COVID-19 Emergency...,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Hospitals andmedical clinics                        Mainland China Central Hospital of Wuhan Dabie...\n",
       " Mainland China                                      Central Hospital of Wuhan Dabie Mountain Regio...\n",
       " Others                                              Hospital ships Garran Surge Centre (Australia)...\n",
       " Organizations                                       Global Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Inn...\n",
       " Global                                              Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation...\n",
       " By location                                         National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (C...\n",
       " National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (Ca...  National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (C...\n",
       " Healthinstitutes                                    Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevent...\n",
       " Pandemicinstitutes                                  National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board (A...\n",
       " Relief funds                                        PM CARES Fund (India) SAARC COVID-19 Emergency...,\n",
       "                                                                 1\n",
       " 0                                                                \n",
       " Mainland China  Central Hospital of Wuhan Dabie Mountain Regio...\n",
       " Others          Hospital ships Garran Surge Centre (Australia)...,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " Global                                              Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation...\n",
       " By location                                         National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (C...\n",
       " National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (Ca...  National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (C...\n",
       " Healthinstitutes                                    Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevent...\n",
       " Pandemicinstitutes                                  National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board (A...\n",
       " Relief funds                                        PM CARES Fund (India) SAARC COVID-19 Emergency...,\n",
       "                                                                                                     1\n",
       " 0                                                                                                    \n",
       " National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (Ca...  National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (C...\n",
       " Healthinstitutes                                    Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevent...\n",
       " Pandemicinstitutes                                  National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board (A...\n",
       " Relief funds                                        PM CARES Fund (India) SAARC COVID-19 Emergency...,\n",
       "                                                                                              People.1\n",
       " People                                                                                               \n",
       " Medicalprofessionals Ai Fen Corona Rintawan Li ...  Medicalprofessionals Ai Fen Corona Rintawan Li...\n",
       " Medicalprofessionals                                Ai Fen Corona Rintawan Li Wenliang Liu Wen Xie...\n",
       " Researchers                                         Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud Roberto Burioni Che...\n",
       " Officials                                           WHO Tedros Adhanom (Director-General of the WH...\n",
       " WHO                                                 Tedros Adhanom (Director-General of the WHO) B...\n",
       " By location                                         Frank Atherton (Wales) Ashley Bloomfield (New ...\n",
       " Others                                              Chen Qiushi Brett Crozier Fang Bin Fang Fang J...\n",
       " Deaths                                                                                           List,\n",
       "                                                                       1\n",
       " 0                                                                      \n",
       " Medicalprofessionals  Ai Fen Corona Rintawan Li Wenliang Liu Wen Xie...\n",
       " Researchers           Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud Roberto Burioni Che...\n",
       " Officials             WHO Tedros Adhanom (Director-General of the WH...\n",
       " WHO                   Tedros Adhanom (Director-General of the WHO) B...\n",
       " By location           Frank Atherton (Wales) Ashley Bloomfield (New ...\n",
       " Others                Chen Qiushi Brett Crozier Fang Bin Fang Fang J...\n",
       " Deaths                                                             List,\n",
       "                                                              1\n",
       " 0                                                             \n",
       " WHO          Tedros Adhanom (Director-General of the WHO) B...\n",
       " By location  Frank Atherton (Wales) Ashley Bloomfield (New ...,\n",
       "                                                                                    Data (templates).1\n",
       " Data (templates)                                                                                     \n",
       " Cases, deaths, recoveries by country WHO situat...  Cases, deaths, recoveries by country WHO situa...,\n",
       "                                                    vtePandemics, epidemics and notable disease outbreaks.1\n",
       " vtePandemics, epidemics and notable disease out...                                                        \n",
       " List of epidemics and pandemics                                       List of epidemics and pandemics     \n",
       " Local                                               Ancient Hittite plague (c. 1320–1300 BC) Plagu...     \n",
       " Ancient                                             Hittite plague (c. 1320–1300 BC) Plague of Ath...     \n",
       " Post-classical                                      Plague of Justinian (541–542) Roman Plague (59...     \n",
       " Early modern                                        16th century Influenza pandemic (1510) Mexican...     \n",
       " 16th century                                        Influenza pandemic (1510) Mexican smallpox (15...     \n",
       " 17th century                                        London plague (1603) Maltese plague (1623) Ita...     \n",
       " 18th century                                        Great Northern War plague (1710–1712) Great Pl...     \n",
       " Modern                                              19th century Ottoman plague (1812–1819) Maltes...     \n",
       " 19th century                                        Ottoman plague (1812–1819) Maltese plague (181...     \n",
       " 20th century                                        San Francisco plague (1900–1904) Manchurian pl...     \n",
       " 21st century                                        SARS (2002–2004) Midwest monkeypox (2003) Bird...     \n",
       " Global                                              First plague pandemic (541–767) Second plague ...     ,\n",
       "                                                                 1\n",
       " 0                                                                \n",
       " Ancient         Hittite plague (c. 1320–1300 BC) Plague of Ath...\n",
       " Post-classical  Plague of Justinian (541–542) Roman Plague (59...\n",
       " Early modern    16th century Influenza pandemic (1510) Mexican...\n",
       " 16th century    Influenza pandemic (1510) Mexican smallpox (15...\n",
       " 17th century    London plague (1603) Maltese plague (1623) Ita...\n",
       " 18th century    Great Northern War plague (1710–1712) Great Pl...\n",
       " Modern          19th century Ottoman plague (1812–1819) Maltes...\n",
       " 19th century    Ottoman plague (1812–1819) Maltese plague (181...\n",
       " 20th century    San Francisco plague (1900–1904) Manchurian pl...\n",
       " 21st century    SARS (2002–2004) Midwest monkeypox (2003) Bird...,\n",
       "                                                               1\n",
       " 0                                                              \n",
       " 16th century  Influenza pandemic (1510) Mexican smallpox (15...,\n",
       "                                                               1\n",
       " 0                                                              \n",
       " 17th century  London plague (1603) Maltese plague (1623) Ita...,\n",
       "                                                               1\n",
       " 0                                                              \n",
       " 18th century  Great Northern War plague (1710–1712) Great Pl...,\n",
       "                                                               1\n",
       " 0                                                              \n",
       " 19th century  Ottoman plague (1812–1819) Maltese plague (181...,\n",
       "                                                               1\n",
       " 0                                                              \n",
       " 20th century  San Francisco plague (1900–1904) Manchurian pl...,\n",
       "                                                               1\n",
       " 0                                                              \n",
       " 21st century  SARS (2002–2004) Midwest monkeypox (2003) Bird...,\n",
       "                                                  vteHistory of infectious diseases.1\n",
       " vteHistory of infectious diseases                                                   \n",
       " Individual diseases                Cholera HIV/AIDS Leprosy Malaria Plague Polio ...\n",
       " People                             Alexander Fleming Maurice Hilleman Edward Jenn...\n",
       " Major epidemics                    Black Death (1346–1353) Spanish flu (1918–1920...\n",
       " Other                              Discovery of disease-causing pathogens Smallpo...,\n",
       "                                                      vte2020s articles.1\n",
       " vte2020s articles                                                       \n",
       " Overviews              History  Overview 2020s in political history A...\n",
       " History                Overview 2020s in political history Africa Eur...\n",
       " Lists                  List of current heads of state and government ...\n",
       " World history          Events COVID-19 pandemic Portal:COVID-19 2020 ...\n",
       " Events                 COVID-19 pandemic Portal:COVID-19 2020 stock m...\n",
       " Govt                   UN  UN Security Council NATO EU African Union ...\n",
       " Years                  General 2020 2021 2022 2023 By topic: Govt: 20...\n",
       " General                2020 2021 2022 2023 By topic: Govt: 2020 2021 ...\n",
       " Categories                                       Lists Timelines By year\n",
       " Categories             Historical 2020s By country Economics Politics...\n",
       " Historical             2020s By country Economics Politics Women's hi...\n",
       " Topical                Technology Transport Computing Science Health ...\n",
       " Portal:Current events                              Portal:Current events,\n",
       "                                                          1\n",
       " 0                                                         \n",
       " History  Overview 2020s in political history Africa Eur...\n",
       " Lists    List of current heads of state and government ...,\n",
       "                                                         1\n",
       " 0                                                        \n",
       " Events  COVID-19 pandemic Portal:COVID-19 2020 stock m...\n",
       " Govt    UN  UN Security Council NATO EU African Union ...,\n",
       "                                                             1\n",
       " 0                                                            \n",
       " General     2020 2021 2022 2023 By topic: Govt: 2020 2021 ...\n",
       " Categories                            Lists Timelines By year,\n",
       "                                                             1\n",
       " 0                                                            \n",
       " Historical  2020s By country Economics Politics Women's hi...\n",
       " Topical     Technology Transport Computing Science Health ...,\n",
       "                                                  vteOverviews of the 2020s.1\n",
       " vteOverviews of the 2020s                                                   \n",
       " Political                          World Europe United States United Kingdom\n",
       " Culture                                       Film Music Fashion Video games\n",
       " Societal                                                     Society Economy\n",
       " Science                    Science and technology Computing Sustainable e...\n",
       " Related                                      Year in topic List of timelines,\n",
       "                                                         1\n",
       " 0                                                        \n",
       " Authority control: National  Germany Israel United States]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 75,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "341c403a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Pickling\n",
    "###### all pandas objects are equipped with to_pickle methods which use python's cpickle module to save data structure to disk using the pickle format"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 82,
   "id": "7bc9dd52",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "   f1  b1\n",
       "0   0   6\n",
       "1   1   7\n",
       "2   2   8\n",
       "3   3   9\n",
       "4   4  10\n",
       "5   5  11"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 82,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "original_df = pd.DataFrame({\"f1\": range(6), \"b1\": range(6, 12)})\n",
    "original_df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 86,
   "id": "31f38644",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d=original_df.to_pickle(\"./dummy.pkl\")\n",
    "d"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 87,
   "id": "7dfdf2d5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
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      "text/plain": [
       "   f1  b1\n",
       "0   0   6\n",
       "1   1   7\n",
       "2   2   8\n",
       "3   3   9\n",
       "4   4  10\n",
       "5   5  11"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 87,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "unpickled_df = pd.read_pickle(\"./dummy.pkl\")\n",
    "unpickled_df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "048a2382",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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