diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/regexpExpressions.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/regexpExpressions.scala
index 2e4f9873de280..30b7305a0af9b 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/regexpExpressions.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/regexpExpressions.scala
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ abstract class RegExpExtractBase
   override def children: Seq[Expression] = subject :: regexp :: idx :: Nil
 
   protected def getLastMatcher(s: Any, p: Any): Matcher = {
-    if (!p.equals(lastRegex)) {
+    if (p != lastRegex) {
       // regex value changed
       lastRegex = p.asInstanceOf[UTF8String].clone()
       pattern = Pattern.compile(lastRegex.toString)
@@ -472,10 +472,9 @@ abstract class RegExpExtractBase
           if the config is enabled, the `regexp` that can match "\abc" is "^\abc$".
       * idx - an integer expression that representing the group index. The regex maybe contains
           multiple groups. `idx` indicates which regex group to extract. The group index should
-          be non-negative. If `idx` is not specified, the default group index value is 1. The
-          `idx` parameter is the Java regex Matcher group() method index. See
-          docs/api/java/util/regex/Matcher.html for more information on the `idx` or Java regex
-          group() method.
+          be non-negative. The minimum value of `idx` is 0, which means matching the entire
+          regular expression. If `idx` is not specified, the default group index value is 1. The
+          `idx` parameter is the Java regex Matcher group() method index.
   """,
   examples = """
     Examples:
@@ -521,6 +520,7 @@ case class RegExpExtract(subject: Expression, regexp: Expression, idx: Expressio
     } else {
       ""
     }
+
     nullSafeCodeGen(ctx, ev, (subject, regexp, idx) => {
       s"""
       if (!$regexp.equals($termLastRegex)) {
@@ -572,17 +572,16 @@ case class RegExpExtract(subject: Expression, regexp: Expression, idx: Expressio
           if the config is enabled, the `regexp` that can match "\abc" is "^\abc$".
       * idx - an integer expression that representing the group index. The regex may contains
           multiple groups. `idx` indicates which regex group to extract. The group index should
-          be non-negative. If `idx` is not specified, the default group index value is 1. The
-          `idx` parameter is the Java regex Matcher group() method index. See
-          docs/api/java/util/regex/Matcher.html for more information on the `idx` or Java regex
-          group() method.
+          be non-negative. The minimum value of `idx` is 0, which means matching the entire
+          regular expression. If `idx` is not specified, the default group index value is 1. The
+          `idx` parameter is the Java regex Matcher group() method index.
   """,
   examples = """
     Examples:
       > SELECT _FUNC_('100-200, 300-400', '(\\d+)-(\\d+)', 1);
        ["100","300"]
   """,
-  since = "3.0.0")
+  since = "3.1.0")
 case class RegExpExtractAll(subject: Expression, regexp: Expression, idx: Expression)
   extends RegExpExtractBase {
   def this(s: Expression, r: Expression) = this(s, r, Literal(1))
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/functions.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/functions.scala
index b9abb85fbdce1..653fe5bf7c9b3 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/functions.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/functions.scala
@@ -2495,7 +2495,7 @@ object functions {
    * will be thrown.
    *
    * @group string_funcs
-   * @since 3.0.0
+   * @since 3.1.0
    */
   def regexp_extract_all(e: Column, exp: String, groupIdx: Int): Column = withExpr {
     RegExpExtractAll(e.expr, lit(exp).expr, lit(groupIdx).expr)
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/regexp-functions.sql b/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/regexp-functions.sql
index 573f6edc40897..1f74d7ef4d1be 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/regexp-functions.sql
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/regexp-functions.sql
@@ -16,8 +16,10 @@ SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '\\d+');
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '\\d+', 0);
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '\\d+', 1);
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '\\d+', 2);
+SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '\\d+', -1);
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)');
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)', 0);
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)', 1);
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)', 2);
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)', 3);
+SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)', -1);
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/regexp-functions.sql.out b/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/regexp-functions.sql.out
index f0596856dab96..0bfd5118864ef 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/regexp-functions.sql.out
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/regexp-functions.sql.out
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 -- Automatically generated by SQLQueryTestSuite
--- Number of queries: 20
+-- Number of queries: 22
 
 
 -- !query
@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ a
 
 
 -- !query
-
 SELECT regexp_extract('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)', 3)
 -- !query schema
 struct<>
@@ -132,6 +131,15 @@ java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
 Regex group count is 0, but the specified group index is 2
 
 
+-- !query
+SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '\\d+', -1)
+-- !query schema
+struct<>
+-- !query output
+java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
+The specified group index cannot be less than zero
+
+
 -- !query
 SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)')
 -- !query schema
@@ -171,3 +179,12 @@ struct<>
 -- !query output
 java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
 Regex group count is 2, but the specified group index is 3
+
+
+-- !query
+SELECT regexp_extract_all('1a 2b 14m', '(\\d+)([a-z]+)', -1)
+-- !query schema
+struct<>
+-- !query output
+java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
+The specified group index cannot be less than zero
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/StringFunctionsSuite.scala b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/StringFunctionsSuite.scala
index a67685c461517..8d5166b5398cc 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/StringFunctionsSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/StringFunctionsSuite.scala
@@ -167,19 +167,6 @@ class StringFunctionsSuite extends QueryTest with SharedSparkSession {
       Row(Seq("100", "300"), Seq("200", "400")) ::
         Row(Seq("101", "301"), Seq("201", "401")) ::
         Row(Seq("102", "302"), Seq("202", "402")) :: Nil)
-
-    // for testing the mutable state of the expression in code gen.
-    // This is a hack way to enable the codegen, thus the codegen is enable by default,
-    // it will still use the interpretProjection if projection followed by a LocalRelation,
-    // hence we add a filter operator.
-    // See the optimizer rule `ConvertToLocalRelation`
-    checkAnswer(
-      df.filter("isnotnull(a)").selectExpr(
-        "regexp_extract_all(a, b, 0)",
-        "regexp_extract_all(a, b, 1)"),
-      Row(Seq("100-200", "300-400"), Seq("100", "300")) ::
-        Row(Seq("101-201", "301-401"), Seq("101", "301")) ::
-        Row(Seq("102", "202", "302", "402"), Seq("102", "202", "302", "402")) :: Nil)
   }
 
   test("non-matching optional group") {