diff --git a/resource-managers/kubernetes/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/k8s/features/MountVolumesFeatureStep.scala b/resource-managers/kubernetes/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/k8s/features/MountVolumesFeatureStep.scala
index 78dd6ec21ed34..76e79024e715d 100644
--- a/resource-managers/kubernetes/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/k8s/features/MountVolumesFeatureStep.scala
+++ b/resource-managers/kubernetes/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/k8s/features/MountVolumesFeatureStep.scala
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model._
 
 import org.apache.spark.deploy.k8s._
 import org.apache.spark.deploy.k8s.Constants.{ENV_EXECUTOR_ID, SPARK_APP_ID_LABEL}
+import org.apache.spark.internal.config.EXECUTOR_INSTANCES
 
 private[spark] class MountVolumesFeatureStep(conf: KubernetesConf)
   extends KubernetesFeatureConfigStep {
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ private[spark] class MountVolumesFeatureStep(conf: KubernetesConf)
         case KubernetesPVCVolumeConf(claimNameTemplate, storageClass, size) =>
           val claimName = conf match {
             case c: KubernetesExecutorConf =>
+              checkPVCOnDemandWhenMultiExecutors(claimNameTemplate)
               claimNameTemplate
                 .replaceAll(PVC_ON_DEMAND,
                   s"${conf.resourceNamePrefix}-exec-${c.executorId}$PVC_POSTFIX-$i")
@@ -120,6 +122,16 @@ private[spark] class MountVolumesFeatureStep(conf: KubernetesConf)
   override def getAdditionalKubernetesResources(): Seq[HasMetadata] = {
     additionalResources.toSeq
   }
+
+  private def checkPVCOnDemandWhenMultiExecutors(claimName: String): Unit = {
+    val executorInstances = conf.get(EXECUTOR_INSTANCES)
+    if (executorInstances.isEmpty) return
+    if (claimName != PVC_ON_DEMAND && executorInstances.get > 1) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException("ClaimName of PVC must be " +
+        PVC_ON_DEMAND +
+        " when multiple executors are required")
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 private[spark] object MountVolumesFeatureStep {
diff --git a/resource-managers/kubernetes/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/k8s/features/MountVolumesFeatureStepSuite.scala b/resource-managers/kubernetes/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/k8s/features/MountVolumesFeatureStepSuite.scala
index 468d1dde9fb6d..d09b44dbb2c2f 100644
--- a/resource-managers/kubernetes/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/k8s/features/MountVolumesFeatureStepSuite.scala
+++ b/resource-managers/kubernetes/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/k8s/features/MountVolumesFeatureStepSuite.scala
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ package org.apache.spark.deploy.k8s.features
 
 import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
 
-import org.apache.spark.SparkFunSuite
+import org.apache.spark.{SparkConf, SparkFunSuite}
 import org.apache.spark.deploy.k8s._
+import org.apache.spark.internal.config.EXECUTOR_INSTANCES
 
 class MountVolumesFeatureStepSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
   test("Mounts hostPath volumes") {
@@ -148,6 +149,26 @@ class MountVolumesFeatureStepSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
     assert(executorPVC.getClaimName.endsWith("-exec-1-pvc-0"))
   }
 
+  test("SPARK-39006 PVC claimName must be onDemand when multiple executors") {
+    val volumeConf = KubernetesVolumeSpec(
+      "testVolume",
+      "/tmp",
+      "",
+      mountReadOnly = true,
+      KubernetesPVCVolumeConf("testClaimName")
+    )
+    val conf = new SparkConf().set(EXECUTOR_INSTANCES, 2)
+    val executorConf =
+      KubernetesTestConf.createExecutorConf(sparkConf = conf, volumes = Seq(volumeConf))
+    val executorStep = new MountVolumesFeatureStep(executorConf)
+    assertThrows[IllegalArgumentException] {
+      executorStep.configurePod(SparkPod.initialPod())
+    }
+    assert(intercept[IllegalArgumentException] {
+      executorStep.configurePod(SparkPod.initialPod())
+    }.getMessage.contains("ClaimName of PVC must be OnDemand"))
+  }
+
   test("Mounts emptyDir") {
     val volumeConf = KubernetesVolumeSpec(
       "testVolume",