diff --git a/.github/workflows/vagrant-box-archivematica.yml b/.github/workflows/vagrant-box-archivematica.yml
index 37030210..fefbecb7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/vagrant-box-archivematica.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/vagrant-box-archivematica.yml
@@ -24,15 +24,11 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         echo "USER=$USER" >> $GITHUB_ENV
         echo "LOGNAME=$USER" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-    - name: Install packer plugins
-      run: |
-        packer plugins install github.com/hashicorp/virtualbox
-        packer plugins install github.com/hashicorp/ansible
-        packer plugins install github.com/hashicorp/vagrant
     - name: Build
       run: |
         cd ${{ github.workspace }}/packer/templates/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64
-        packer build -on-error=abort template.json
+        packer init template.json.pkr.hcl
+        packer build -on-error=abort template.json.pkr.hcl
     - name: Upload base image
       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
diff --git a/packer/templates/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64/template.json b/packer/templates/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64/template.json
deleted file mode 100644
index faee6afc..00000000
--- a/packer/templates/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64/template.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "builders": [
-    {
-      "boot_command": [
-        "<enter><wait><f6><esc><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
-        "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
-        "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
-        "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
-        "/install/vmlinuz<wait>",
-        " auto<wait>",
-        " console-setup/ask_detect=false<wait>",
-        " console-setup/layoutcode=us<wait>",
-        " console-setup/modelcode=pc105<wait>",
-        " debconf/frontend=noninteractive<wait>",
-        " debian-installer=en_US.UTF-8<wait>",
-        " fb=false<wait>",
-        " initrd=/install/initrd.gz<wait>",
-        " kbd-chooser/method=us<wait>",
-        " keyboard-configuration/layout=USA<wait>",
-        " keyboard-configuration/variant=USA<wait>",
-        " locale=en_US.UTF-8<wait>",
-        " netcfg/get_domain=vm<wait>",
-        " netcfg/get_hostname=vagrant<wait>",
-        " grub-installer/bootdev=/dev/sda<wait>",
-        " noapic<wait>",
-        " preseed/url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed.cfg<wait>",
-        " -- <wait>",
-        "<enter><wait>"
-      ],
-      "boot_wait": "10s",
-      "disk_size": "{{user `disk_size`}}",
-      "guest_os_type": "Ubuntu_64",
-      "hard_drive_interface": "sata",
-      "headless": "{{ user `headless` }}",
-      "http_directory": "../../http/ubuntu-20.04",
-      "iso_checksum": "{{user `iso_checksum`}}",
-      "iso_urls": [
-        "iso/ubuntu-20.04.1-legacy-server-amd64.iso",
-        "http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-legacy-server/releases/20.04/release/ubuntu-20.04.1-legacy-server-amd64.iso"
-       ],
-      "output_directory": "../../builds/virtualbox/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64",
-      "shutdown_command": "echo 'vagrant' | sudo -S shutdown -P now",
-      "ssh_password": "vagrant",
-      "ssh_port": 22,
-      "ssh_username": "vagrant",
-      "ssh_wait_timeout": "10000s",
-      "type": "virtualbox-iso",
-      "vboxmanage": [
-        [
-          "modifyvm",
-          "{{.Name}}",
-          "--memory",
-          "{{ user `memory` }}"
-        ],
-        [
-          "modifyvm",
-          "{{.Name}}",
-          "--cpus",
-          "{{ user `cpus` }}"
-        ]
-      ],
-      "virtualbox_version_file": ".vbox_version",
-      "vm_name": "{{ user `template` }}"
-    }
-  ],
-  "provisioners": [
-     {
-      "environment_vars": [
-        "HOME_DIR=/home/vagrant",
-        "http_proxy={{user `http_proxy`}}",
-        "https_proxy={{user `https_proxy`}}",
-        "no_proxy={{user `no_proxy`}}"
-      ],
-      "execute_command": "echo 'vagrant' | {{.Vars}} sudo -S -E sh -eux '{{.Path}}'",
-      "expect_disconnect": true,
-      "scripts": [
-        "../../scripts/ubuntu/update.sh",
-        "../../scripts/common/sshd.sh",
-        "../../scripts/ubuntu/networking.sh",
-        "../../scripts/ubuntu/sudoers.sh",
-        "../../scripts/ubuntu/vagrant.sh",
-        "../../scripts/common/virtualbox.sh",
-        "../../scripts/ubuntu/cleanup.sh",
-        "../../scripts/common/minimize.sh"
-      ],
-      "type": "shell"
-    }
-  ],
-  "variables": {
-    "box_basename": "ubuntu-20.04",
-    "build_timestamp": "{{isotime}}",
-    "cpus": "2",
-    "disk_size": "20960",
-    "git_revision": "__unknown_git_revision__",
-    "headless": "true",
-    "http_proxy": "{{env `http_proxy`}}",
-    "https_proxy": "{{env `https_proxy`}}",
-    "iso_checksum": "f11bda2f2caed8f420802b59f382c25160b114ccc665dbac9c5046e7fceaced2",
-    "iso_name": "ubuntu-20.04.1-legacy-server-amd64.iso",
-    "memory": "4096",
-    "metadata": "floppy/dummy_metadata.json",
-    "mirror": "http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-legacy-server/releases",
-    "mirror_directory": "20.04.1/release/",
-    "name": "ubuntu-20.04",
-    "no_proxy": "{{env `no_proxy`}}",
-    "preseed_path": "../../http/ubuntu-20.04/preseed.cfg",
-    "template": "vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64",
-    "version": "2.1.TIMESTAMP"
-  }
-}
diff --git a/packer/templates/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64/template.json.pkr.hcl b/packer/templates/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64/template.json.pkr.hcl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3cc7f68d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packer/templates/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64/template.json.pkr.hcl
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+packer {
+  required_plugins {
+    virtualbox = {
+      source  = "github.com/hashicorp/virtualbox"
+      version = "~> 1"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+variable "box_basename" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "ubuntu-20.04"
+}
+
+variable "cpus" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "2"
+}
+
+variable "disk_size" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "20960"
+}
+
+variable "git_revision" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "__unknown_git_revision__"
+}
+
+variable "headless" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "true"
+}
+
+variable "http_proxy" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "${env("http_proxy")}"
+}
+
+variable "https_proxy" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "${env("https_proxy")}"
+}
+
+variable "iso_checksum" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "f11bda2f2caed8f420802b59f382c25160b114ccc665dbac9c5046e7fceaced2"
+}
+
+variable "iso_name" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "ubuntu-20.04.1-legacy-server-amd64.iso"
+}
+
+variable "memory" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "4096"
+}
+
+variable "metadata" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "floppy/dummy_metadata.json"
+}
+
+variable "mirror" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-legacy-server/releases"
+}
+
+variable "mirror_directory" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "20.04.1/release/"
+}
+
+variable "name" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "ubuntu-20.04"
+}
+
+variable "no_proxy" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "${env("no_proxy")}"
+}
+
+variable "preseed_path" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "../../http/ubuntu-20.04/preseed.cfg"
+}
+
+variable "template" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64"
+}
+
+variable "version" {
+  type    = string
+  default = "2.1.TIMESTAMP"
+}
+
+locals {
+  build_timestamp = "${timestamp()}"
+}
+
+source "virtualbox-iso" "ubuntu" {
+  boot_command            = [
+    "<enter><wait><f6><esc><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
+    "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
+    "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
+    "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
+    "/install/vmlinuz<wait>",
+    " auto<wait>",
+    " console-setup/ask_detect=false<wait>",
+    " console-setup/layoutcode=us<wait>",
+    " console-setup/modelcode=pc105<wait>",
+    " debconf/frontend=noninteractive<wait>",
+    " debian-installer=en_US.UTF-8<wait>",
+    " fb=false<wait>",
+    " initrd=/install/initrd.gz<wait>",
+    " kbd-chooser/method=us<wait>",
+    " keyboard-configuration/layout=USA<wait>",
+    " keyboard-configuration/variant=USA<wait>",
+    " locale=en_US.UTF-8<wait>",
+    " netcfg/get_domain=vm<wait>",
+    " netcfg/get_hostname=vagrant<wait>",
+    " grub-installer/bootdev=/dev/sda<wait>",
+    " noapic<wait>",
+    " preseed/url=http://{{ .HTTPIP }}:{{ .HTTPPort }}/preseed.cfg<wait>",
+    " -- <wait>",
+    "<enter><wait>"
+  ]
+  boot_wait               = "10s"
+  disk_size               = "${var.disk_size}"
+  guest_os_type           = "Ubuntu_64"
+  hard_drive_interface    = "sata"
+  headless                = "${var.headless}"
+  http_directory          = "../../http/ubuntu-20.04"
+  iso_checksum            = "${var.iso_checksum}"
+  iso_urls                = [
+    "iso/ubuntu-20.04.1-legacy-server-amd64.iso",
+    "http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-legacy-server/releases/20.04/release/ubuntu-20.04.1-legacy-server-amd64.iso"
+  ]
+  output_directory        = "../../builds/virtualbox/vagrant-base-ubuntu-20.04-amd64"
+  shutdown_command        = "echo 'vagrant' | sudo -S shutdown -P now"
+  ssh_password            = "vagrant"
+  ssh_port                = 22
+  ssh_username            = "vagrant"
+  ssh_wait_timeout        = "10000s"
+  vboxmanage              = [
+    ["modifyvm", "{{ .Name }}", "--memory", "${var.memory}"],
+    ["modifyvm", "{{ .Name }}", "--cpus", "${var.cpus}"]
+  ]
+  virtualbox_version_file = ".vbox_version"
+  vm_name                 = "${var.template}"
+}
+
+build {
+  sources = [
+    "source.virtualbox-iso.ubuntu"
+  ]
+
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    environment_vars  = [
+      "HOME_DIR=/home/vagrant",
+      "http_proxy=${var.http_proxy}",
+      "https_proxy=${var.https_proxy}",
+      "no_proxy=${var.no_proxy}"
+    ]
+    execute_command   = "echo 'vagrant' | {{ .Vars }} sudo -S -E sh -eux '{{ .Path }}'"
+    expect_disconnect = true
+    scripts           = [
+      "../../scripts/ubuntu/update.sh",
+      "../../scripts/common/sshd.sh",
+      "../../scripts/ubuntu/networking.sh",
+      "../../scripts/ubuntu/sudoers.sh",
+      "../../scripts/ubuntu/vagrant.sh",
+      "../../scripts/common/virtualbox.sh",
+      "../../scripts/ubuntu/cleanup.sh",
+      "../../scripts/common/minimize.sh"
+    ]
+  }
+
+}