config_firewall.html.md.erb

---
title: Preparing Your Firewall for Deploying PCF
owner: Ops Manager
---

<strong><%= modified_date %></strong>

This topic describes how to configure your firewall for [Pivotal Cloud Foundry](https://network.pivotal.io/products/pivotal-cf) (PCF) and how to verify that PCF resolves DNS entries behind your firewall.

## <a id='firewall_configuration'></a>Configure Your Firewall for PCF ##

Ops Manager and Pivotal Application Service (PAS) require the following open TCP ports:

- **25555**: Routes from Ops Manager to the Ops Manager Director.
- **443**: Routes to HAProxy or, if configured, your own load balancer
- **80**: Routes to HAProxy or, if configured, your own load balancer
- **2222**: Necessary in order to connect using Application SSH. For details, see the [Diego Architecture Diagram](https://docs.pivotal.io/pivotalcf/2-0/concepts/diego/diego-architecture.html#diagram)


UDP port **123** must be open if you want to use an external NTP server.

For more information about required ports for additional installed products,
refer to the product documentation.

The following example procedure uses iptables commands to configure a firewall.

<p class="note"><strong>Note</strong>: <code>GATEWAY_EXTERNAL_IP</code> is a
placeholder. Replace this value with your <code>PUBLIC_IP</code>.</p>

1. Open `/etc/sysctl.conf`, a file that contains configurations for Linux kernel
settings, with the command below:
  <pre class='terminal'>
  $ sudo vi /etc/sysctl.conf
  </pre>

1. Add the line `net.ipv4.ip_forward=1` to `/etc/sysctl.conf` and save the file.

1. If you want to remove all existing filtering or Network Address Translation
(NAT) rules, run the following commands:
    <pre class='terminal'>
    $ iptables --flush
    $ iptables --flush -t nat
    </pre>

1. Add environment variables to use when creating the IP rules:
    <pre class='terminal'>
    $ export INTERNAL\_NETWORK\_RANGE=10.0.0.0/8
    $ export GATEWAY\_INTERNAL\_IP=10.0.0.1
    $ export GATEWAY\_EXTERNAL\_IP=203.0.113.242
    $ export PIVOTALCF\_IP=10.0.0.2
    $ export HA\_PROXY\_IP=10.0.0.254
    </pre>

1. Run the following commands to configure IP rules for the specified chains:
  * **FORWARD**:

    <pre class='terminal'>
    $ iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -j ACCEPT
    $ iptables -A FORWARD -o eth1 -j ACCEPT
    </pre>
  * **POSTROUTING**:

    <pre class='terminal'>
    $ iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
    $ iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -d $HA_PROXY_IP -s $INTERNAL_NETWORK_RANGE \
            -p tcp --dport 80 -j SNAT --to $GATEWAY_INTERNAL_IP
    $ iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -d $HA_PROXY_IP -s $INTERNAL_NETWORK_RANGE \
            -p tcp --dport 443 -j SNAT --to $GATEWAY_INTERNAL_IP
	  </pre>
  * **PREROUTING**:

    <pre class='terminal'>
    $ iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d $GATEWAY_EXTERNAL_IP -p tcp --dport \
             25555 -j DNAT --to $PIVOTALCF_IP
    $ iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d $GATEWAY_EXTERNAL_IP -p tcp --dport \
             443 -j DNAT --to $HA_PROXY_IP
    $ iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d $GATEWAY_EXTERNAL_IP -p tcp --dport \
             80 -j DNAT --to $HA_PROXY_IP
    $ iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 8443 -j DNAT \
          --to $PIVOTALCF_IP:443
    $ iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT \
          --to $HA_PROXY_IP:80
    $ iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 8022 -j DNAT \
          --to $PIVOTALCF_IP:22
    $ iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 8080 -j DNAT \
          --to $PIVOTALCF_IP:80
	  </pre>

1. Run the following command to save the iptables:
    <pre class='terminal'>
    $ service iptables save
    </pre>

For more information about administering IP tables with `iptables`, refer to the
[iptables documentation](http://ipset.netfilter.org/iptables.man.html).

## <a id='DNS_fails'></a>Verify PCF Resolves DNS Entries Behind a Firewall ##

When you install PCF in an environment that uses a strong firewall, the firewall
might block DNS resolution.
For example, if you use [xip.io](http://xip.io/) to test your DNS configuration,
the tests will fail without warning if the firewall prevents PAS
from accessing `*.xip.io`.

To verify that PAS can correctly resolve DNS entries:

1. SSH into the Pivotal Ops Manager VM.

    For more information, refer to the [SSH into Ops
    Manager](./trouble-advanced.html#ssh) section of the Advanced
    Troubleshooting with the BOSH CLI topic.

1. Run any of the following network administration commands with the IP address
of the VM:
  * `nslookup`
  * `dig`
  * `host`
  * The appropriate `traceroute` command for your OS

1. Review the output of the command and fix any blocked routes.

    If the output displays an error message, review the firewall logs to
    determine which blocked route or routes you need to clear.

1. Repeat steps 1-3 with the Ops Manager Director VM and the HAProxy VM.