Not working for uWSGI

[Jonney]

[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from uwsgi.ini
2025-02-17 11:50 - *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.28 (64bit) on [Mon Feb 17 11:50:52 2025] ***
2025-02-17 11:50 - compiled with version: 12.2.0 on 17 February 2025 03:28:29
2025-02-17 11:50 - os: Linux-6.1.0-31-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.1.128-1 (2025-02-07)
2025-02-17 11:50 - nodename: bridge
2025-02-17 11:50 - machine: x86_64
2025-02-17 11:50 - clock source: unix
2025-02-17 11:50 - pcre jit enabled
2025-02-17 11:50 - detected number of CPU cores: 2
2025-02-17 11:50 - current working directory: /data/website
2025-02-17 11:50 - writing pidfile to /dev/shm/website.pid
2025-02-17 11:50 - detected binary path: /data/website/python-3.12.9/bin/uwsgi
2025-02-17 11:50 - setgid() to 1002
2025-02-17 11:50 - setuid() to 1002
2025-02-17 11:50 - chdir() to /data/website/
2025-02-17 11:50 - your processes number limit is 6750
2025-02-17 11:50 - your memory page size is 4096 bytes
2025-02-17 11:50 -  *** WARNING: you have enabled harakiri without post buffering. Slow upload could be rejected on post-unbuffered webservers ***
2025-02-17 11:50 - detected max file descriptor number: 65535
2025-02-17 11:50 - lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
2025-02-17 11:50 - thunder lock: enabled
2025-02-17 11:50 - uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /dev/shm/website.socket fd 3
2025-02-17 11:50 - Python version: 3.12.9 (main, Feb 15 2025, 13:28:13) [GCC 12.2.0]
Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Python path configuration:
  PYTHONHOME = (not set)
  PYTHONPATH = '.:.:'
  program name = '/data/website/python-3.12.9/bin/uwsgi'
  isolated = 0
  environment = 1
  user site = 1
  safe_path = 0
  import site = 1
  is in build tree = 0
  stdlib dir = '/opt/python-3.12.9/lib/python3.12'
  sys._base_executable = '/root/.local/share/uv/python/cpython-3.12.9-linux-x86_64-gnu/bin/uwsgi'
  sys.base_prefix = '/opt/python-3.12.9'
  sys.base_exec_prefix = '/opt/python-3.12.9'
  sys.platlibdir = 'lib'
  sys.executable = '/data/website/python-3.12.9/bin/uwsgi'
  sys.prefix = '/opt/python-3.12.9'
  sys.exec_prefix = '/opt/python-3.12.9'
  sys.path = [
    '/data/website',
    '/data/website',
    '/data/website',
    '/opt/python-3.12.9/lib/python312.zip',
    '/opt/python-3.12.9/lib/python3.12',
    '/opt/python-3.12.9/lib/python3.12/lib-dynload',
  ]
Fatal Python error: init_fs_encoding: failed to get the Python codec of the filesystem encoding
Python runtime state: core initialized
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'encodings'

Current thread 0x00007ff1e2713040 (most recent call first):
  <no Python frame>
2025-02-17 11:50 - VACUUM: unix socket /dev/shm/website.socket removed.

Note this error:

Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>

I tried compiling and installing Python 3.12.9 from source without any issues, everything went well. However, when installing via uv python install, I encountered the above error, and the same happens with other versions of Python. And only uwsgi had this issue, the other libraries are all fine.

[zbynekwinkler]

See possibly related issue unbit/uwsgi#2525

[Jonney]

Finally, I found the root of the problem.

• The default installation path for uv python install is ~/.local/share/uv/python/*
• Run uwsgi using the root account and specified --user nobody

When these two conditions are met simultaneously, a ModuleNotFoundError occurs.

The master process of uwsgi runs as root, so it can read the Python built-in library normally. However, when starting the worker process, it dynamically loads modules and does not have permission to access /root/.local/share/uv/python/*, leading to a ModuleNotFoundError.

The same issue occurs with gunicorn. When gunicorn starts the worker process, it throws an exception just like uwsgi does.

If I compile Python from source and the installation path is /opt/python/*, the nobody user has access permission, so it goes well.

Solution:

Set the environment variable UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR to install Python in a directory outside of /root, allowing normal users to have access permission.