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netinfo.py
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# Copyright (C) 2012 Canonical Ltd.
# Copyright (C) 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
# Copyright (C) 2012 Yahoo! Inc.
#
# Author: Scott Moser <[email protected]>
# Author: Juerg Haefliger <[email protected]>
# Author: Joshua Harlow <[email protected]>
#
# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
import json
import logging
import re
from copy import copy, deepcopy
from ipaddress import IPv4Network
from typing import Dict, List, TypedDict
from cloudinit import lifecycle, subp, util
from cloudinit.net.network_state import net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask
from cloudinit.simpletable import SimpleTable
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# Example netdev format:
# {'eth0': {'hwaddr': '00:16:3e:16:db:54',
# 'ipv4': [{'bcast': '10.85.130.255',
# 'ip': '10.85.130.116',
# 'mask': '255.255.255.0',
# 'scope': 'global'}],
# 'ipv6': [{'ip': 'fd42:baa2:3dd:17a:216:3eff:fe16:db54/64',
# 'scope6': 'global'},
# {'ip': 'fe80::216:3eff:fe16:db54/64', 'scope6': 'link'}],
# 'up': True},
# 'lo': {'hwaddr': '',
# 'ipv4': [{'bcast': '',
# 'ip': '127.0.0.1',
# 'mask': '255.0.0.0',
# 'scope': 'host'}],
# 'ipv6': [{'ip': '::1/128', 'scope6': 'host'}],
# 'up': True}}
DEFAULT_NETDEV_INFO = {"ipv4": [], "ipv6": [], "hwaddr": "", "up": False}
class Interface(TypedDict):
up: bool
hwaddr: str
ipv4: List[dict]
ipv6: List[dict]
def _netdev_info_iproute_json(ipaddr_json):
"""Get network device dicts from ip route and ip link info.
ipaddr_json: Output string from 'ip --json addr' command.
Returns a dict of device info keyed by network device name containing
device configuration values.
Raises json.JSONDecodeError if json could not be decoded
"""
ipaddr_data = json.loads(ipaddr_json)
devs = {}
for dev in ipaddr_data:
flags = dev["flags"] if "flags" in dev else []
address = dev["address"] if dev.get("link_type") == "ether" else ""
dev_info = {
"hwaddr": address,
"up": bool("UP" in flags and "LOWER_UP" in flags),
"ipv4": [],
"ipv6": [],
}
for addr in dev.get("addr_info", []):
if addr.get("family") == "inet":
mask = (
str(IPv4Network(f'0.0.0.0/{addr["prefixlen"]}').netmask)
if "prefixlen" in addr
else ""
)
parsed_addr = {
"ip": addr.get("local", ""),
"mask": mask,
"bcast": addr.get("broadcast", ""),
"scope": addr.get("scope", ""),
}
dev_info["ipv4"].append(parsed_addr)
elif addr["family"] == "inet6":
ip = addr.get("local", "")
# address here refers to a peer address, and according
# to "man 8 ip-address":
# If a peer address is specified, the local address cannot
# have a prefix length. The network prefix is associated
# with the peer rather than with the local address.
if ip and not addr.get("address"):
ip = f"{ip}/{addr.get('prefixlen', 64)}"
parsed_addr = {
"ip": ip,
"scope6": addr.get("scope", ""),
}
dev_info["ipv6"].append(parsed_addr)
devs[dev["ifname"]] = dev_info
return devs
@lifecycle.deprecate_call(
deprecated_version="22.1",
extra_message="Required by old iproute2 versions that don't "
"support ip json output. Consider upgrading to a more recent version.",
)
def _netdev_info_iproute(ipaddr_out):
"""
@param ipaddr_out: Output string from 'ip addr show' command.
@returns: A dict of device info keyed by network device name containing
device configuration values.
@raise: TypeError if ipaddr_out isn't a string.
"""
devs = {}
dev_name = None
for num, line in enumerate(ipaddr_out.splitlines()):
m = re.match(r"^\d+:\s(?P<dev>[^:]+):\s+<(?P<flags>\S+)>\s+.*", line)
if m:
dev_name = m.group("dev").lower().split("@")[0]
flags = m.group("flags").split(",")
devs[dev_name] = {
"ipv4": [],
"ipv6": [],
"hwaddr": "",
"up": bool("UP" in flags and "LOWER_UP" in flags),
}
elif "inet6" in line:
m = re.match(
r"\s+inet6\s(?P<ip>\S+)"
r"(\s(peer\s\S+))?"
r"\sscope\s(?P<scope6>\S+).*",
line,
)
if not m:
LOG.warning(
"Could not parse ip addr show: (line:%d) %s", num, line
)
continue
devs[dev_name]["ipv6"].append(m.groupdict())
elif "inet" in line:
m = re.match(
r"\s+inet\s(?P<cidr4>\S+)"
r"(\smetric\s(?P<metric>\d+))?"
r"(\sbrd\s(?P<bcast>\S+))?"
r"\sscope\s(?P<scope>\S+).*",
line,
)
if not m:
LOG.warning(
"Could not parse ip addr show: (line:%d) %s", num, line
)
continue
match = m.groupdict()
cidr4 = match.pop("cidr4")
addr, _, prefix = cidr4.partition("/")
if not prefix:
prefix = "32"
devs[dev_name]["ipv4"].append(
{
"ip": addr,
"bcast": match["bcast"] if match["bcast"] else "",
"mask": net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask(prefix),
"scope": match["scope"],
}
)
elif "link" in line:
m = re.match(
r"\s+link/(?P<link_type>\S+)\s(?P<hwaddr>\S+).*", line
)
if not m:
LOG.warning(
"Could not parse ip addr show: (line:%d) %s", num, line
)
continue
if m.group("link_type") == "ether":
devs[dev_name]["hwaddr"] = m.group("hwaddr")
else:
devs[dev_name]["hwaddr"] = ""
else:
continue
return devs
def _netdev_info_ifconfig_netbsd(ifconfig_data):
# fields that need to be returned in devs for each dev
devs = {}
for line in ifconfig_data.splitlines():
if not line:
continue
if line[0] not in ("\t", " "):
curdev = line.split()[0]
# current ifconfig pops a ':' on the end of the device
if curdev.endswith(":"):
curdev = curdev[:-1]
if curdev not in devs:
devs[curdev] = deepcopy(DEFAULT_NETDEV_INFO)
toks = line.lower().strip().split()
if len(toks) > 1:
if re.search(r"flags=[x\d]+<up.*>", toks[1]):
devs[curdev]["up"] = True
for i in range(len(toks)):
if toks[i] == "inet": # Create new ipv4 addr entry
network, net_bits = toks[i + 1].split("/")
devs[curdev]["ipv4"].append(
{"ip": network, "mask": net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask(net_bits)}
)
elif toks[i] == "broadcast":
devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["bcast"] = toks[i + 1]
elif toks[i] == "address:":
devs[curdev]["hwaddr"] = toks[i + 1]
elif toks[i] == "inet6":
if toks[i + 1] == "addr:":
devs[curdev]["ipv6"].append({"ip": toks[i + 2]})
else:
devs[curdev]["ipv6"].append({"ip": toks[i + 1]})
elif toks[i] == "prefixlen": # Add prefix to current ipv6 value
addr6 = devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["ip"] + "/" + toks[i + 1]
devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["ip"] = addr6
elif toks[i].startswith("scope:"):
devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = toks[i].lstrip("scope:")
elif toks[i] == "scopeid":
res = re.match(r".*<(\S+)>", toks[i + 1])
if res:
devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = res.group(1)
else:
devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = toks[i + 1]
return devs
def _netdev_info_ifconfig(ifconfig_data):
# fields that need to be returned in devs for each dev
devs = {}
for line in ifconfig_data.splitlines():
if not line:
continue
if line[0] not in ("\t", " "):
curdev = line.split()[0]
# current ifconfig pops a ':' on the end of the device
if curdev.endswith(":"):
curdev = curdev[:-1]
if curdev not in devs:
devs[curdev] = deepcopy(DEFAULT_NETDEV_INFO)
toks = line.lower().strip().split()
if toks[0] == "up":
devs[curdev]["up"] = True
# If the output of ifconfig doesn't contain the required info in the
# obvious place, use a regex filter to be sure.
elif len(toks) > 1:
if re.search(r"flags=\d+<up,", toks[1]):
devs[curdev]["up"] = True
for i in range(len(toks)):
if toks[i] == "inet": # Create new ipv4 addr entry
devs[curdev]["ipv4"].append(
{"ip": toks[i + 1].lstrip("addr:")}
)
elif toks[i].startswith("bcast:"):
devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["bcast"] = toks[i].lstrip("bcast:")
elif toks[i] == "broadcast":
devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["bcast"] = toks[i + 1]
elif toks[i].startswith("mask:"):
devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["mask"] = toks[i].lstrip("mask:")
elif toks[i] == "netmask":
devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["mask"] = toks[i + 1]
elif toks[i] == "hwaddr" or toks[i] == "ether":
devs[curdev]["hwaddr"] = toks[i + 1]
elif toks[i] == "inet6":
if toks[i + 1] == "addr:":
devs[curdev]["ipv6"].append({"ip": toks[i + 2]})
else:
devs[curdev]["ipv6"].append({"ip": toks[i + 1]})
elif toks[i] == "prefixlen": # Add prefix to current ipv6 value
addr6 = devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["ip"] + "/" + toks[i + 1]
devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["ip"] = addr6
elif toks[i].startswith("scope:"):
devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = toks[i].lstrip("scope:")
elif toks[i] == "scopeid":
res = re.match(r".*<(\S+)>", toks[i + 1])
if res:
devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = res.group(1)
else:
devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = toks[i + 1]
return devs
def netdev_info(
empty="",
) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Interface]]:
"""return the instance's interfaces and interface data
includes, interface name, link state, hardware address, and lists of ipv4
and ipv6 addresses
example output:
{
'lo': {
'up': True,
'hwaddr': '',
'ipv4': [
{
'bcast': '',
'ip': '127.0.0.1',
'mask': '255.0.0.0',
'scope': 'host',
}],
'ipv6': [{'ip': '::1/128', 'scope6': 'host'}],
},
'lxdbr0': {
'up': True
'hwaddr': '00:16:3e:fa:84:30',
'ipv4': [{
'bcast': '',
'ip': '10.161.80.1',
'mask': '255.255.255.0',
'scope': 'global',
}],
'ipv6': [
{'ip': 'fd42:80e2:4695:1e96::1/64', 'scope6': 'global'},
{'ip': 'fe80::216:3eff:fefa:8430/64', 'scope6': 'link'},
]
},
}
"""
devs = {}
if util.is_NetBSD():
(ifcfg_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ifconfig", "-a"], rcs=[0, 1])
devs = _netdev_info_ifconfig_netbsd(ifcfg_out)
elif subp.which("ip"):
# Try iproute first of all
try:
(ipaddr_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ip", "--json", "addr"])
devs = _netdev_info_iproute_json(ipaddr_out)
except subp.ProcessExecutionError:
# Can be removed when "ip --json" is available everywhere
(ipaddr_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ip", "addr", "show"])
devs = _netdev_info_iproute(ipaddr_out)
elif subp.which("ifconfig"):
# Fall back to net-tools if iproute2 is not present
(ifcfg_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ifconfig", "-a"], rcs=[0, 1])
devs = _netdev_info_ifconfig(ifcfg_out)
else:
LOG.warning(
"Could not print networks: missing 'ip' and 'ifconfig' commands"
)
if empty == "":
return devs
recurse_types = (dict, tuple, list)
def fill(data, new_val="", empty_vals=("", b"")):
"""Recursively replace 'empty_vals' in data (dict, tuple, list)
with new_val"""
if isinstance(data, dict):
myiter = data.items()
elif isinstance(data, (tuple, list)):
myiter = enumerate(data)
else:
raise TypeError("Unexpected input to fill")
for key, val in myiter:
if val in empty_vals:
data[key] = new_val
elif isinstance(val, recurse_types):
fill(val, new_val)
fill(devs, new_val=empty)
return devs
def _netdev_route_info_iproute(iproute_data):
"""
Get network route dicts from ip route info.
@param iproute_data: Output string from ip route command.
@returns: A dict containing ipv4 and ipv6 route entries as lists. Each
item in the list is a route dictionary representing destination,
gateway, flags, genmask and interface information.
"""
routes = {}
routes["ipv4"] = []
routes["ipv6"] = []
entries = iproute_data.splitlines()
default_route_entry = {
"destination": "",
"flags": "",
"gateway": "",
"genmask": "",
"iface": "",
"metric": "",
}
for line in entries:
entry = copy(default_route_entry)
if not line:
continue
toks = line.split()
flags = ["U"]
if toks[0] == "default":
entry["destination"] = "0.0.0.0"
entry["genmask"] = "0.0.0.0"
else:
if "/" in toks[0]:
(addr, cidr) = toks[0].split("/")
else:
addr = toks[0]
cidr = "32"
flags.append("H")
entry["genmask"] = net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask(cidr)
entry["destination"] = addr
entry["genmask"] = net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask(cidr)
entry["gateway"] = "0.0.0.0"
for i in range(len(toks)):
if toks[i] == "via":
entry["gateway"] = toks[i + 1]
flags.insert(1, "G")
if toks[i] == "dev":
entry["iface"] = toks[i + 1]
if toks[i] == "metric":
entry["metric"] = toks[i + 1]
entry["flags"] = "".join(flags)
routes["ipv4"].append(entry)
try:
(iproute_data6, _err6) = subp.subp(
["ip", "--oneline", "-6", "route", "list", "table", "all"],
rcs=[0, 1],
)
except subp.ProcessExecutionError:
pass
else:
entries6 = iproute_data6.splitlines()
for line in entries6:
entry = {}
if not line:
continue
toks = line.split()
if toks[0] == "default":
entry["destination"] = "::/0"
entry["flags"] = "UG"
else:
entry["destination"] = toks[0]
entry["gateway"] = "::"
entry["flags"] = "U"
for i in range(len(toks)):
if toks[i] == "via":
entry["gateway"] = toks[i + 1]
entry["flags"] = "UG"
if toks[i] == "dev":
entry["iface"] = toks[i + 1]
if toks[i] == "metric":
entry["metric"] = toks[i + 1]
if toks[i] == "expires":
entry["flags"] = entry["flags"] + "e"
routes["ipv6"].append(entry)
return routes
def _netdev_route_info_netstat(route_data):
routes = {}
routes["ipv4"] = []
routes["ipv6"] = []
entries = route_data.splitlines()
for line in entries:
if not line:
continue
toks = line.split()
# FreeBSD shows 6 items in the routing table:
# Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire
# default 10.65.0.1 UGS 0 34920 vtnet0
#
# Linux netstat shows 2 more:
# Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
# 0.0.0.0 10.65.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
if (
len(toks) < 6
or toks[0] == "Kernel"
or toks[0] == "Destination"
or toks[0] == "Internet"
or toks[0] == "Internet6"
or toks[0] == "Routing"
):
continue
if len(toks) < 8:
toks.append("-")
toks.append("-")
toks[7] = toks[5]
toks[5] = "-"
entry = {
"destination": toks[0],
"gateway": toks[1],
"genmask": toks[2],
"flags": toks[3],
"metric": toks[4],
"ref": toks[5],
"use": toks[6],
"iface": toks[7],
}
routes["ipv4"].append(entry)
try:
(route_data6, _err6) = subp.subp(
["netstat", "-A", "inet6", "--route", "--numeric"], rcs=[0, 1]
)
except subp.ProcessExecutionError:
pass
else:
entries6 = route_data6.splitlines()
for line in entries6:
if not line:
continue
toks = line.split()
if (
len(toks) < 7
or toks[0] == "Kernel"
or toks[0] == "Destination"
or toks[0] == "Internet"
or toks[0] == "Proto"
or toks[0] == "Active"
):
continue
entry = {
"destination": toks[0],
"gateway": toks[1],
"flags": toks[2],
"metric": toks[3],
"ref": toks[4],
"use": toks[5],
"iface": toks[6],
}
# skip lo interface on ipv6
if entry["iface"] == "lo":
continue
# strip /128 from address if it's included
if entry["destination"].endswith("/128"):
entry["destination"] = re.sub(
r"\/128$", "", entry["destination"]
)
routes["ipv6"].append(entry)
return routes
def route_info():
routes = {}
if subp.which("ip"):
# Try iproute first of all
(iproute_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ip", "-o", "route", "list"])
routes = _netdev_route_info_iproute(iproute_out)
elif subp.which("netstat"):
# Fall back to net-tools if iproute2 is not present
(route_out, _err) = subp.subp(
["netstat", "--route", "--numeric", "--extend"], rcs=[0, 1]
)
routes = _netdev_route_info_netstat(route_out)
else:
LOG.warning(
"Could not print routes: missing 'ip' and 'netstat' commands"
)
return routes
def netdev_pformat():
lines = []
empty = "."
try:
netdev = netdev_info(empty=empty)
except Exception as e:
lines.append(
util.center(
"Net device info failed ({error})".format(error=str(e)),
"!",
80,
)
)
else:
if not netdev:
return "\n"
fields = ["Device", "Up", "Address", "Mask", "Scope", "Hw-Address"]
tbl = SimpleTable(fields)
for dev, data in sorted(netdev.items()):
ipv4_addrs = data.get("ipv4")
for addr in ipv4_addrs:
tbl.add_row(
(
dev,
data["up"],
addr["ip"],
addr["mask"],
addr.get("scope", empty),
data["hwaddr"],
)
)
ipv6_addrs = data.get("ipv6")
for addr in ipv6_addrs:
tbl.add_row(
(
dev,
data["up"],
addr["ip"],
empty,
addr.get("scope6", empty),
data["hwaddr"],
)
)
if not (ipv4_addrs) and not (ipv6_addrs):
tbl.add_row(
(dev, data["up"], empty, empty, empty, data["hwaddr"])
)
netdev_s = tbl.get_string()
max_len = len(max(netdev_s.splitlines(), key=len))
header = util.center("Net device info", "+", max_len)
lines.extend([header, netdev_s])
return "\n".join(lines) + "\n"
def route_pformat():
lines = []
try:
routes = route_info()
except Exception as e:
lines.append(
util.center(
"Route info failed ({error})".format(error=str(e)), "!", 80
)
)
util.logexc(LOG, "Route info failed: %s" % e)
else:
if routes.get("ipv4"):
fields_v4 = [
"Route",
"Destination",
"Gateway",
"Genmask",
"Interface",
"Flags",
]
tbl_v4 = SimpleTable(fields_v4)
for n, r in enumerate(routes.get("ipv4")):
route_id = str(n)
try:
tbl_v4.add_row(
[
route_id,
r["destination"],
r.get("gateway", "0.0.0.0"),
r["genmask"],
r["iface"],
r["flags"],
]
)
except KeyError as e:
util.logexc(LOG, "Route info formatting error: %s" % e)
route_s = tbl_v4.get_string()
max_len = len(max(route_s.splitlines(), key=len))
header = util.center("Route IPv4 info", "+", max_len)
lines.extend([header, route_s])
if routes.get("ipv6"):
fields_v6 = [
"Route",
"Destination",
"Gateway",
"Interface",
"Flags",
]
tbl_v6 = SimpleTable(fields_v6)
for n, r in enumerate(routes.get("ipv6")):
route_id = str(n)
if r["iface"] == "lo":
continue
try:
tbl_v6.add_row(
[
route_id,
r["destination"],
r.get("gateway", "::"),
r["iface"],
r["flags"],
]
)
except KeyError as e:
util.logexc(LOG, "Route info formatting error: %s" % e)
route_s = tbl_v6.get_string()
max_len = len(max(route_s.splitlines(), key=len))
header = util.center("Route IPv6 info", "+", max_len)
lines.extend([header, route_s])
return "\n".join(lines) + "\n"
def debug_info(prefix="ci-info: "):
lines = []
netdev_lines = netdev_pformat().splitlines()
if prefix:
for line in netdev_lines:
lines.append("%s%s" % (prefix, line))
else:
lines.extend(netdev_lines)
route_lines = route_pformat().splitlines()
if prefix:
for line in route_lines:
lines.append("%s%s" % (prefix, line))
else:
lines.extend(route_lines)
return "\n".join(lines)