diff --git a/volo-http/src/utils/mod.rs b/volo-http/src/utils/mod.rs
index baafeb5d..d86c1256 100644
--- a/volo-http/src/utils/mod.rs
+++ b/volo-http/src/utils/mod.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
 #![allow(unused)]
 pub mod consts;
 pub mod macros;
-mod service_fn;
-
-pub use self::service_fn::{service_fn, Callback};
diff --git a/volo-http/src/utils/service_fn.rs b/volo-http/src/utils/service_fn.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index b4fd2327..00000000
--- a/volo-http/src/utils/service_fn.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-use std::{fmt, future::Future};
-
-use motore::service::Service;
-
-/// Returns a new [`ServiceFn`] with the given closure.
-///
-/// This lets you build a [`Service`] from an async function that returns a [`Result`].
-pub fn service_fn<F>(f: F) -> ServiceFn<F> {
-    ServiceFn { f }
-}
-
-/// A [`Service`] implemented by a closure. See the docs for [`service_fn`] for more details.
-#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
-pub struct ServiceFn<F> {
-    f: F,
-}
-
-impl<Cx, F, Request, R, E> Service<Cx, Request> for ServiceFn<F>
-where
-    F: for<'r> Callback<'r, Cx, Request, Response = R, Error = E>,
-    Request: 'static,
-    R: 'static,
-    E: 'static,
-{
-    type Response = R;
-    type Error = E;
-
-    fn call<'s, 'cx>(
-        &'s self,
-        cx: &'cx mut Cx,
-        req: Request,
-    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<Self::Response, Self::Error>> {
-        (self.f).call(cx, req)
-    }
-}
-
-impl<F> fmt::Debug for ServiceFn<F> {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("ServiceFn")
-            .field("f", &format_args!("{}", std::any::type_name::<F>()))
-            .finish()
-    }
-}
-
-/// [`Service`] for binding lifetime to return value while using closure.
-/// This is just a temporary workaround for lifetime issues.
-///
-/// Related issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/70263.
-/// Related RFC: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/3216.
-pub trait Callback<'r, Cx, Request> {
-    type Response;
-    type Error;
-    type Future: Future<Output = Result<Self::Response, Self::Error>> + Send + 'r;
-
-    fn call(&self, cx: &'r mut Cx, req: Request) -> Self::Future;
-}
-
-impl<'r, F, Fut, Cx, Request, R, E> Callback<'r, Cx, Request> for F
-where
-    F: Fn(&'r mut Cx, Request) -> Fut,
-    Fut: Future<Output = Result<R, E>> + Send + 'r,
-    Cx: 'r,
-{
-    type Response = R;
-    type Error = E;
-    type Future = Fut;
-
-    fn call(&self, cx: &'r mut Cx, req: Request) -> Self::Future {
-        self(cx, req)
-    }
-}