diff --git a/pkg/ingester/ingester.go b/pkg/ingester/ingester.go
index 4c41a90a99..572238adeb 100644
--- a/pkg/ingester/ingester.go
+++ b/pkg/ingester/ingester.go
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ const (
 var (
 	errExemplarRef      = errors.New("exemplars not ingested because series not already present")
 	errIngesterStopping = errors.New("ingester stopping")
+	errNoUserDb         = errors.New("no user db")
 
 	tsChunksPool zeropool.Pool[[]client.TimeSeriesChunk]
 )
@@ -988,8 +989,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) updateLoop(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 func (i *Ingester) updateUserTSDBConfigs() {
 	for _, userID := range i.getTSDBUsers() {
-		userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
-		if userDB == nil {
+		userDB, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+		if err != nil || userDB == nil {
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -1005,7 +1006,7 @@ func (i *Ingester) updateUserTSDBConfigs() {
 		}
 
 		// This method currently updates the MaxExemplars and OutOfOrderTimeWindow.
-		err := userDB.db.ApplyConfig(cfg)
+		err = userDB.db.ApplyConfig(cfg)
 		if err != nil {
 			level.Error(logutil.WithUserID(userID, i.logger)).Log("msg", "failed to update user tsdb configuration.")
 		}
@@ -1029,8 +1030,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) updateActiveSeries(ctx context.Context) {
 	purgeTime := time.Now().Add(-i.cfg.ActiveSeriesMetricsIdleTimeout)
 
 	for _, userID := range i.getTSDBUsers() {
-		userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
-		if userDB == nil {
+		userDB, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+		if err != nil || userDB == nil {
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -1045,8 +1046,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) updateActiveSeries(ctx context.Context) {
 func (i *Ingester) updateLabelSetMetrics() {
 	activeUserSet := make(map[string]map[uint64]struct{})
 	for _, userID := range i.getTSDBUsers() {
-		userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
-		if userDB == nil {
+		userDB, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+		if err != nil || userDB == nil {
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -1549,8 +1550,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) QueryExemplars(ctx context.Context, req *client.ExemplarQuery
 
 	i.metrics.queries.Inc()
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
-	if db == nil {
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	if err != nil || db == nil {
 		return &client.ExemplarQueryResponse{}, nil
 	}
 
@@ -1642,8 +1643,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) labelsValuesCommon(ctx context.Context, req *client.LabelValu
 		return nil, cleanup, err
 	}
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
-	if db == nil {
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	if err != nil || db == nil {
 		return &client.LabelValuesResponse{}, cleanup, nil
 	}
 
@@ -1732,8 +1733,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) labelNamesCommon(ctx context.Context, req *client.LabelNamesR
 		return nil, cleanup, err
 	}
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
-	if db == nil {
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	if err != nil || db == nil {
 		return &client.LabelNamesResponse{}, cleanup, nil
 	}
 
@@ -1830,8 +1831,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) metricsForLabelMatchersCommon(ctx context.Context, req *clien
 		return cleanup, err
 	}
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
-	if db == nil {
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	if err != nil || db == nil {
 		return cleanup, nil
 	}
 
@@ -1944,8 +1945,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) UserStats(ctx context.Context, req *client.UserStatsRequest)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
-	if db == nil {
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	if err != nil || db == nil {
 		return &client.UserStatsResponse{}, nil
 	}
 
@@ -2064,8 +2065,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) QueryStream(req *client.QueryRequest, stream client.Ingester_
 
 	i.metrics.queries.Inc()
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
-	if db == nil {
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	if err != nil || db == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -2216,11 +2217,14 @@ func (i *Ingester) queryStreamChunks(ctx context.Context, db *userTSDB, from, th
 	return numSeries, numSamples, totalBatchSizeBytes, numChunks, nil
 }
 
-func (i *Ingester) getTSDB(userID string) *userTSDB {
+func (i *Ingester) getTSDB(userID string) (*userTSDB, error) {
 	i.stoppedMtx.RLock()
 	defer i.stoppedMtx.RUnlock()
 	db := i.TSDBState.dbs[userID]
-	return db
+	if db == nil {
+		return nil, errNoUserDb
+	}
+	return db, nil
 }
 
 // List all users for which we have a TSDB. We do it here in order
@@ -2238,8 +2242,11 @@ func (i *Ingester) getTSDBUsers() []string {
 }
 
 func (i *Ingester) getOrCreateTSDB(userID string, force bool) (*userTSDB, error) {
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
 	if db != nil {
+		if err != nil {
+			level.Warn(i.logger).Log("msg", "error getting user DB but userDB is not null", "err", err, "userID", userID)
+		}
 		return db, nil
 	}
 
@@ -2271,7 +2278,7 @@ func (i *Ingester) getOrCreateTSDB(userID string, force bool) (*userTSDB, error)
 	}
 
 	// Create the database and a shipper for a user
-	db, err := i.createTSDB(userID)
+	db, err = i.createTSDB(userID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -2285,10 +2292,10 @@ func (i *Ingester) getOrCreateTSDB(userID string, force bool) (*userTSDB, error)
 
 func (i *Ingester) blockChunkQuerierFunc(userId string) tsdb.BlockChunkQuerierFunc {
 	return func(b tsdb.BlockReader, mint, maxt int64) (storage.ChunkQuerier, error) {
-		db := i.getTSDB(userId)
+		db, err := i.getTSDB(userId)
 
 		var postingCache cortex_tsdb.ExpandedPostingsCache
-		if db != nil {
+		if err == nil && db != nil {
 			postingCache = db.postingCache
 		}
 
@@ -2650,8 +2657,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) shipBlocks(ctx context.Context, allowed *util.AllowedTenants)
 		}
 
 		// Get the user's DB. If the user doesn't exist, we skip it.
-		userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
-		if userDB == nil || userDB.shipper == nil {
+		userDB, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+		if err != nil || userDB == nil || userDB.shipper == nil {
 			return nil
 		}
 
@@ -2762,8 +2769,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) compactBlocks(ctx context.Context, force bool, allowed *util.
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
-		if userDB == nil {
+		userDB, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+		if err != nil || userDB == nil {
 			return nil
 		}
 
@@ -2773,8 +2780,6 @@ func (i *Ingester) compactBlocks(ctx context.Context, force bool, allowed *util.
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		var err error
-
 		i.TSDBState.compactionsTriggered.Inc()
 
 		reason := ""
@@ -2823,8 +2828,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) expirePostingsCache(ctx context.Context) error {
 		if ctx.Err() != nil {
 			return nil
 		}
-		userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
-		if userDB == nil || userDB.postingCache == nil {
+		userDB, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+		if err != nil || userDB == nil || userDB.postingCache == nil {
 			continue
 		}
 		userDB.postingCache.PurgeExpiredItems()
@@ -2834,8 +2839,8 @@ func (i *Ingester) expirePostingsCache(ctx context.Context) error {
 }
 
 func (i *Ingester) closeAndDeleteUserTSDBIfIdle(userID string) tsdbCloseCheckResult {
-	userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
-	if userDB == nil || userDB.shipper == nil {
+	userDB, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	if err != nil || userDB == nil || userDB.shipper == nil {
 		// We will not delete local data when not using shipping to storage.
 		return tsdbShippingDisabled
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/ingester/ingester_test.go b/pkg/ingester/ingester_test.go
index f3da262fe6..c7069ddb3f 100644
--- a/pkg/ingester/ingester_test.go
+++ b/pkg/ingester/ingester_test.go
@@ -222,8 +222,9 @@ func TestIngesterDeletionRace(t *testing.T) {
 			samples := []cortexpb.Sample{{Value: 2, TimestampMs: 10}}
 			_, err := ing.Push(ctx, cortexpb.ToWriteRequest([]labels.Labels{labels.FromStrings(labels.MetricName, "name")}, samples, nil, nil, cortexpb.API))
 			require.NoError(t, err)
-			ing.getTSDB(u).postingCache = &wrappedExpandedPostingsCache{ExpandedPostingsCache: ing.getTSDB(u).postingCache, purgeDelay: 10 * time.Millisecond}
-			ing.getTSDB(u).deletionMarkFound.Store(true) // lets force close the tenant
+			db, _ := ing.getTSDB(u)
+			db.postingCache = &wrappedExpandedPostingsCache{ExpandedPostingsCache: db.postingCache, purgeDelay: 10 * time.Millisecond}
+			db.deletionMarkFound.Store(true) // lets force close the tenant
 		}()
 	}
 
@@ -644,7 +645,8 @@ func TestIngesterPerLabelsetLimitExceeded(t *testing.T) {
 	`), "cortex_ingester_usage_per_labelset", "cortex_ingester_limits_per_labelset"))
 
 	// Force set tenant to be deleted.
-	ing.getTSDB(userID).deletionMarkFound.Store(true)
+	db, _ := ing.getTSDB(userID)
+	db.deletionMarkFound.Store(true)
 	require.Equal(t, tsdbTenantMarkedForDeletion, ing.closeAndDeleteUserTSDBIfIdle(userID))
 	// LabelSet metrics cleaned up.
 	require.NoError(t, testutil.GatherAndCompare(registry, bytes.NewBufferString(``), "cortex_ingester_usage_per_labelset", "cortex_ingester_limits_per_labelset"))
@@ -716,7 +718,7 @@ func TestPushRace(t *testing.T) {
 
 	wg.Wait()
 
-	db := ing.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, _ := ing.getTSDB(userID)
 	ir, err := db.db.Head().Index()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
@@ -3833,7 +3835,9 @@ func TestIngester_OpenExistingTSDBOnStartup(t *testing.T) {
 				require.NoError(t, os.Mkdir(filepath.Join(dir, "user0"), 0700))
 			},
 			check: func(t *testing.T, i *Ingester) {
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user0"))
+				db, err := i.getTSDB("user0")
+				require.Nil(t, db)
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
 			},
 		},
 		"should not load any TSDB if the root directory is empty": {
@@ -3861,9 +3865,15 @@ func TestIngester_OpenExistingTSDBOnStartup(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			check: func(t *testing.T, i *Ingester) {
 				require.Equal(t, 2, len(i.TSDBState.dbs))
-				require.NotNil(t, i.getTSDB("user0"))
-				require.NotNil(t, i.getTSDB("user1"))
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user2"))
+				db0, err := i.getTSDB("user0")
+				require.NotNil(t, db0)
+				require.Nil(t, err)
+				db1, err := i.getTSDB("user1")
+				require.NotNil(t, db1)
+				require.Nil(t, err)
+				db2, err := i.getTSDB("user2")
+				require.Nil(t, db2)
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
 			},
 		},
 		"should load all TSDBs on concurrency < number of TSDBs": {
@@ -3877,11 +3887,11 @@ func TestIngester_OpenExistingTSDBOnStartup(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			check: func(t *testing.T, i *Ingester) {
 				require.Equal(t, 5, len(i.TSDBState.dbs))
-				require.NotNil(t, i.getTSDB("user0"))
-				require.NotNil(t, i.getTSDB("user1"))
-				require.NotNil(t, i.getTSDB("user2"))
-				require.NotNil(t, i.getTSDB("user3"))
-				require.NotNil(t, i.getTSDB("user4"))
+				require.NotNil(t, getTSDB(t, i, "user0"))
+				require.NotNil(t, getTSDB(t, i, "user1"))
+				require.NotNil(t, getTSDB(t, i, "user2"))
+				require.NotNil(t, getTSDB(t, i, "user3"))
+				require.NotNil(t, getTSDB(t, i, "user4"))
 			},
 		},
 		"should fail and rollback if an error occur while loading a TSDB on concurrency > number of TSDBs": {
@@ -3898,8 +3908,12 @@ func TestIngester_OpenExistingTSDBOnStartup(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			check: func(t *testing.T, i *Ingester) {
 				require.Equal(t, 0, len(i.TSDBState.dbs))
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user0"))
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user1"))
+				db0, err := i.getTSDB("user0")
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
+				require.Nil(t, db0)
+				db1, err := i.getTSDB("user1")
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
+				require.Nil(t, db1)
 			},
 			expectedErr: "unable to open TSDB for user user0",
 		},
@@ -3920,11 +3934,21 @@ func TestIngester_OpenExistingTSDBOnStartup(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			check: func(t *testing.T, i *Ingester) {
 				require.Equal(t, 0, len(i.TSDBState.dbs))
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user0"))
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user1"))
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user2"))
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user3"))
-				require.Nil(t, i.getTSDB("user4"))
+				db, err := i.getTSDB("user0")
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
+				require.Nil(t, db)
+				db, err = i.getTSDB("user1")
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
+				require.Nil(t, db)
+				db, err = i.getTSDB("user2")
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
+				require.Nil(t, db)
+				db, err = i.getTSDB("user3")
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
+				require.Nil(t, db)
+				db, err = i.getTSDB("user4")
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
+				require.Nil(t, db)
 			},
 			expectedErr: "unable to open TSDB for user user2",
 		},
@@ -3968,6 +3992,12 @@ func TestIngester_OpenExistingTSDBOnStartup(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func getTSDB(t *testing.T, i *Ingester, uId string) *userTSDB {
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(uId)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	return db
+}
+
 func TestIngester_shipBlocks(t *testing.T) {
 	testCases := map[string]struct {
 		ss                   bucketindex.Status
@@ -4059,8 +4089,9 @@ func TestIngester_dontShipBlocksWhenTenantDeletionMarkerIsPresent(t *testing.T)
 	require.NoError(t, cortex_tsdb.WriteTenantDeletionMark(context.Background(), objstore.WithNoopInstr(bucket), userID, cortex_tsdb.NewTenantDeletionMark(time.Now())))
 	numObjects++ // For deletion marker
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
 	require.NotNil(t, db)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	db.lastDeletionMarkCheck.Store(0)
 
 	// After writing tenant deletion mark,
@@ -4106,8 +4137,9 @@ func TestIngester_seriesCountIsCorrectAfterClosingTSDBForDeletedTenant(t *testin
 	i.shipBlocks(context.Background(), nil)
 
 	// Verify that tenant deletion mark was found.
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
 	require.NotNil(t, db)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.True(t, db.deletionMarkFound.Load())
 
 	// If we try to close TSDB now, it should succeed, even though TSDB is not idle and empty.
@@ -4139,7 +4171,8 @@ func TestIngester_sholdUpdateCacheShippedBlocks(t *testing.T) {
 	mockUserShipper(t, i)
 
 	// Mock the shipper meta (no blocks).
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	err = db.updateCachedShippedBlocks()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
@@ -4182,7 +4215,8 @@ func TestIngester_closeAndDeleteUserTSDBIfIdle_shouldNotCloseTSDBIfShippingIsInP
 	}).Return(0, nil)
 
 	// Mock the shipper meta (no blocks).
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NoError(t, shipper.WriteMetaFile(log.NewNopLogger(), db.shipperMetadataFilePath, &shipper.Meta{
 		Version: shipper.MetaVersion1,
 	}))
@@ -4281,7 +4315,8 @@ func TestIngester_idleCloseEmptyTSDB(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, tsdbIdleClosed, i.closeAndDeleteUserTSDBIfIdle(userID))
 
 	// Verify that it was closed.
-	db = i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err = i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
 	require.Nil(t, db)
 
 	// And we can recreate it again, if needed.
@@ -4325,7 +4360,8 @@ func TestIngester_invalidSamplesDontChangeLastUpdateTime(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	lastUpdate := db.lastUpdate.Load()
 
 	// Wait until 1 second passes.
@@ -4513,7 +4549,8 @@ func TestIngester_flushing(t *testing.T) {
 					cortex_ingester_shipper_uploads_total 3
 				`), "cortex_ingester_shipper_uploads_total"))
 
-				userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
+				userDB, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
 				require.NotNil(t, userDB)
 
 				blocks := userDB.Blocks()
@@ -5015,7 +5052,8 @@ func TestIngesterCompactAndCloseIdleTSDB(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func verifyCompactedHead(t *testing.T, i *Ingester, expected bool) {
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, db)
 
 	h := db.Head()
@@ -5095,7 +5133,8 @@ func TestHeadCompactionOnStartup(t *testing.T) {
 
 	defer services.StopAndAwaitTerminated(context.Background(), ingester) //nolint:errcheck
 
-	db := ingester.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := ingester.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, db)
 
 	h := db.Head()
@@ -5126,14 +5165,16 @@ func TestIngester_CloseTSDBsOnShutdown(t *testing.T) {
 	// Push some data.
 	pushSingleSampleWithMetadata(t, i)
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, db)
 
 	// Stop ingester.
 	require.NoError(t, services.StopAndAwaitTerminated(context.Background(), i))
 
 	// Verify that DB is no longer in memory, but was closed
-	db = i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err = i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoUserDb)
 	require.Nil(t, db)
 }
 
@@ -5174,7 +5215,8 @@ func TestIngesterNotDeleteUnshippedBlocks(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, db)
 	require.Nil(t, db.Compact(ctx))
 
@@ -5265,7 +5307,8 @@ func TestIngesterPushErrorDuringForcedCompaction(t *testing.T) {
 	pushSingleSampleWithMetadata(t, i)
 
 	// We mock a flushing by setting the boolean.
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, db)
 	require.True(t, db.casState(active, forceCompacting))
 
@@ -5303,7 +5346,8 @@ func TestIngesterNoFlushWithInFlightRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	// Verifying that compaction won't happen when a request is in flight.
 
 	// This mocks a request in flight.
-	db := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NoError(t, db.acquireAppendLock())
 
 	// Flush handler only triggers compactions, but doesn't wait for them to finish. We cannot use ?wait=true here,
@@ -5323,8 +5367,8 @@ func TestIngesterNoFlushWithInFlightRequest(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Let's wait until all head series have been flushed.
 	test.Poll(t, 5*time.Second, uint64(0), func() interface{} {
-		db := i.getTSDB(userID)
-		if db == nil {
+		db, err := i.getTSDB(userID)
+		if err != nil || db == nil {
 			return false
 		}
 		return db.Head().NumSeries()
@@ -5641,7 +5685,8 @@ func TestExpendedPostingsCacheMatchers(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	db := ing.getTSDB(userID)
+	db, err := ing.getTSDB(userID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	type testCase struct {
 		matchers []*client.LabelMatcher
@@ -6091,7 +6136,7 @@ func TestExpendedPostingsCache(t *testing.T) {
 				test.Poll(t, c.cacheConfig.Blocks.Ttl+c.cacheConfig.Head.Ttl+cfg.BlocksStorageConfig.TSDB.ExpandedCachingExpireInterval, 0, func() interface{} {
 					size := 0
 					for _, userID := range i.getTSDBUsers() {
-						userDB := i.getTSDB(userID)
+						userDB, _ := i.getTSDB(userID)
 						size += userDB.postingCache.Size()
 					}
 					return size