diff --git a/src/core/frames/frame_controller.ts b/src/core/frames/frame_controller.ts
index 1b21daaab..efd68c8a1 100644
--- a/src/core/frames/frame_controller.ts
+++ b/src/core/frames/frame_controller.ts
@@ -68,9 +68,8 @@ export class FrameController implements AppearanceObserverDelegate, FetchRequest
 
   async loadResponse(response: FetchResponse): Promise<void> {
     const fragment = fragmentFromHTML(await response.responseHTML)
-    const element = await this.extractForeignFrameElement(fragment)
-
-    if (element) {
+    if (fragment) {
+      const element = await this.extractForeignFrameElement(fragment)
       await nextAnimationFrame()
       this.loadFrameElement(element)
       this.scrollFrameIntoView(element)
@@ -195,7 +194,7 @@ export class FrameController implements AppearanceObserverDelegate, FetchRequest
     return getFrameElementById(id) ?? this.element
   }
 
-  private async extractForeignFrameElement(container: ParentNode): Promise<FrameElement | undefined> {
+  private async extractForeignFrameElement(container: ParentNode): Promise<FrameElement> {
     let element
     const id = CSS.escape(this.id)
 
@@ -207,6 +206,9 @@ export class FrameController implements AppearanceObserverDelegate, FetchRequest
       await element.loaded
       return await this.extractForeignFrameElement(element)
     }
+
+    console.error(`Response has no matching <turbo-frame id="${id}"> element`)
+    return new FrameElement()
   }
 
   private loadFrameElement(frameElement: FrameElement) {
@@ -309,9 +311,11 @@ function readScrollLogicalPosition(value: string | null, defaultValue: ScrollLog
   }
 }
 
-function fragmentFromHTML(html = "") {
-  const foreignDocument = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument()
-  return foreignDocument.createRange().createContextualFragment(html)
+function fragmentFromHTML(html?: string) {
+  if (html) {
+    const foreignDocument = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument()
+    return foreignDocument.createRange().createContextualFragment(html)
+  }
 }
 
 function activateElement(element: Node | null) {
diff --git a/src/tests/fixtures/frames.html b/src/tests/fixtures/frames.html
index 96936221e..10c3f0916 100644
--- a/src/tests/fixtures/frames.html
+++ b/src/tests/fixtures/frames.html
@@ -15,5 +15,9 @@ <h2>Frames: #frame</h2>
     <turbo-frame id="hello">
       <h2>Frames: #hello</h2>
     </turbo-frame>
+
+    <turbo-frame id="missing">
+      <a href="/src/tests/fixtures/frames/frame.html">Missing frame</a>
+    </turbo-frame>
   </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/src/tests/functional/form_submission_tests.ts b/src/tests/functional/form_submission_tests.ts
index df0e1aa21..a83b291a1 100644
--- a/src/tests/functional/form_submission_tests.ts
+++ b/src/tests/functional/form_submission_tests.ts
@@ -17,22 +17,22 @@ export class FormSubmissionTests extends TurboDriveTestCase {
   }
 
   async "test standard form submission with empty created response"() {
-    const htmlBefore = await this.getHTMLForSelector("body")
+    const htmlBefore = await this.outerHTMLForSelector("body")
     const button = await this.querySelector("#standard form.created input[type=submit]")
     await button.click()
     await this.nextBeat
 
-    const htmlAfter = await this.getHTMLForSelector("body")
+    const htmlAfter = await this.outerHTMLForSelector("body")
     this.assert.equal(htmlAfter, htmlBefore)
   }
 
   async "test standard form submission with empty no-content response"() {
-    const htmlBefore = await this.getHTMLForSelector("body")
+    const htmlBefore = await this.outerHTMLForSelector("body")
     const button = await this.querySelector("#standard form.no-content input[type=submit]")
     await button.click()
     await this.nextBeat
 
-    const htmlAfter = await this.getHTMLForSelector("body")
+    const htmlAfter = await this.outerHTMLForSelector("body")
     this.assert.equal(htmlAfter, htmlBefore)
   }
 
@@ -75,22 +75,22 @@ export class FormSubmissionTests extends TurboDriveTestCase {
   }
 
   async "test frame form submission with empty created response"() {
-    const htmlBefore = await this.getHTMLForSelector("#frame")
+    const htmlBefore = await this.outerHTMLForSelector("#frame")
     const button = await this.querySelector("#frame form.created input[type=submit]")
     await button.click()
     await this.nextBeat
 
-    const htmlAfter = await this.getHTMLForSelector("#frame")
+    const htmlAfter = await this.outerHTMLForSelector("#frame")
     this.assert.equal(htmlAfter, htmlBefore)
   }
 
   async "test frame form submission with empty no-content response"() {
-    const htmlBefore = await this.getHTMLForSelector("#frame")
+    const htmlBefore = await this.outerHTMLForSelector("#frame")
     const button = await this.querySelector("#frame form.no-content input[type=submit]")
     await button.click()
     await this.nextBeat
 
-    const htmlAfter = await this.getHTMLForSelector("#frame")
+    const htmlAfter = await this.outerHTMLForSelector("#frame")
     this.assert.equal(htmlAfter, htmlBefore)
   }
 
diff --git a/src/tests/functional/frame_tests.ts b/src/tests/functional/frame_tests.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a6572cf49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tests/functional/frame_tests.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import { FunctionalTestCase } from "../helpers/functional_test_case"
+
+export class FrameTests extends FunctionalTestCase {
+  async setup() {
+    await this.goToLocation("/src/tests/fixtures/frames.html")
+  }
+
+  async "test following a link to a page without a matching frame results in an empty frame"() {
+    await this.clickSelector("#missing a")
+    await this.nextBeat
+    this.assert.notOk(await this.innerHTMLForSelector("#missing"))
+  }
+}
+
+FrameTests.registerSuite()
diff --git a/src/tests/functional/index.ts b/src/tests/functional/index.ts
index 27590e1c6..c8a135c9b 100644
--- a/src/tests/functional/index.ts
+++ b/src/tests/functional/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 export * from "./async_script_tests"
 export * from "./form_submission_tests"
+export * from "./frame_tests"
 export * from "./loading_tests"
 export * from "./navigation_tests"
 export * from "./rendering_tests"
diff --git a/src/tests/helpers/functional_test_case.ts b/src/tests/helpers/functional_test_case.ts
index 60a6028cf..9d1a6edef 100644
--- a/src/tests/helpers/functional_test_case.ts
+++ b/src/tests/helpers/functional_test_case.ts
@@ -41,11 +41,16 @@ export class FunctionalTestCase extends InternTestCase {
     return this.evaluate(element => element.scrollIntoView(), element)
   }
 
-  async getHTMLForSelector(selector: string): Promise<string> {
+  async outerHTMLForSelector(selector: string): Promise<string> {
     const element = await this.remote.findByCssSelector(selector)
     return this.evaluate(element => element.outerHTML, element)
   }
 
+  async innerHTMLForSelector(selector: string): Promise<string> {
+    const element = await this.remote.findAllByCssSelector(selector)
+    return this.evaluate(element => element.innerHTML, element)
+  }
+
   get scrollPosition(): Promise<{ x: number, y: number }> {
     return this.evaluate(() => ({ x: window.scrollX, y: window.scrollY }))
   }