diff --git a/extensions/amp-access/0.1/test/test-login-dialog.js b/extensions/amp-access/0.1/test/test-login-dialog.js
index 8842d06d4c28..78990a9cc99e 100644
--- a/extensions/amp-access/0.1/test/test-login-dialog.js
+++ b/extensions/amp-access/0.1/test/test-login-dialog.js
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import {Services} from '#service';
 import {installDocService} from '#service/ampdoc-impl';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 import {WebLoginDialog, openLoginDialog} from '../login-dialog';
 
 const RETURN_URL_ESC = encodeURIComponent(
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('ViewerLoginDialog', {}, (env) => {
       setInterval: () => {
         throw new Error('Not allowed');
       },
+      performance: new FakePerformance(window),
     };
     windowApi.document.defaultView = windowApi;
     installDocService(windowApi, /* isSingleDoc */ true);
@@ -178,6 +181,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('WebLoginDialog', {}, (env) => {
       setTimeout: (callback, t) => window.setTimeout(callback, t),
       setInterval: (callback, t) => window.setInterval(callback, t),
       clearInterval: (intervalId) => window.clearInterval(intervalId),
+      performance: new FakePerformance(window),
     };
     windowApi = windowObj;
     windowApi.document.defaultView = windowApi;
diff --git a/extensions/amp-experiment/0.1/test/test-variant.js b/extensions/amp-experiment/0.1/test/test-variant.js
index e6d507a97d7f..bf6a684ae5eb 100644
--- a/extensions/amp-experiment/0.1/test/test-variant.js
+++ b/extensions/amp-experiment/0.1/test/test-variant.js
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import {Services} from '#service';
 import {AmpDocSingle} from '#service/ampdoc-impl';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 import {allocateVariant} from '../variant';
 
 describes.sandboxed('allocateVariant', {}, (env) => {
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('allocateVariant', {}, (env) => {
         nodeType: /* DOCUMENT */ 9,
         body: {},
       },
+      performance: new FakePerformance(window),
     };
     fakeWin.document.defaultView = fakeWin;
     ampdoc = new AmpDocSingle(fakeWin);
diff --git a/extensions/amp-experiment/1.0/test/test-variant.js b/extensions/amp-experiment/1.0/test/test-variant.js
index 2cd86776de2a..b2ad03dd465a 100644
--- a/extensions/amp-experiment/1.0/test/test-variant.js
+++ b/extensions/amp-experiment/1.0/test/test-variant.js
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import {Services} from '#service';
 import {AmpDocSingle} from '#service/ampdoc-impl';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 import {allocateVariant} from '../variant';
 
 describes.sandboxed('allocateVariant', {}, (env) => {
@@ -24,6 +26,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('allocateVariant', {}, (env) => {
         nodeType: /* DOCUMENT */ 9,
         body: {},
       },
+      performance: new FakePerformance(window),
     };
     fakeWin.document.defaultView = fakeWin;
     ampdoc = new AmpDocSingle(fakeWin);
diff --git a/src/service/ampdoc-impl.js b/src/service/ampdoc-impl.js
index 28d0805aa343..8a34f7c29bcc 100644
--- a/src/service/ampdoc-impl.js
+++ b/src/service/ampdoc-impl.js
@@ -614,14 +614,25 @@ export class AmpDoc {
     }
 
     if (this.visibilityState_ != visibilityState) {
-      this.visibilityState_ = visibilityState;
       if (visibilityState == VisibilityState.VISIBLE) {
-        this.lastVisibleTime_ = Date.now();
-        this.signals_.signal(AmpDocSignals.FIRST_VISIBLE);
-        this.signals_.signal(AmpDocSignals.NEXT_VISIBLE);
+        let visibleTime;
+        const {performance} = this.win;
+        if (this.visibilityState_ == null) {
+          // If the doc was initialized in the visible state, then prefer the
+          // timeOrigin of the document over when the JS actually initializes.
+          visibleTime = Math.floor(
+            performance.timeOrigin ?? performance.timing.navigationStart
+          );
+        } else {
+          visibleTime = Math.floor(performance.now());
+        }
+        this.lastVisibleTime_ = visibleTime;
+        this.signals_.signal(AmpDocSignals.FIRST_VISIBLE, visibleTime);
+        this.signals_.signal(AmpDocSignals.NEXT_VISIBLE, visibleTime);
       } else {
         this.signals_.reset(AmpDocSignals.NEXT_VISIBLE);
       }
+      this.visibilityState_ = visibilityState;
       this.visibilityStateHandlers_.fire();
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/service/performance-impl.js b/src/service/performance-impl.js
index 8e52a2404add..07ba7ecf7ebe 100644
--- a/src/service/performance-impl.js
+++ b/src/service/performance-impl.js
@@ -796,13 +796,7 @@ export class Performance {
    * @param {string} label
    */
   mark(label) {
-    if (
-      this.win.performance &&
-      this.win.performance.mark &&
-      arguments.length == 1
-    ) {
-      this.win.performance.mark(label);
-    }
+    this.win.performance.mark?.(label);
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/test/unit/core/window/test-history.js b/test/unit/core/window/test-history.js
index be657be4020b..38cdbc984a5e 100644
--- a/test/unit/core/window/test-history.js
+++ b/test/unit/core/window/test-history.js
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ import {installTimerService} from '#service/timer-impl';
 
 import {listenOncePromise} from '#utils/event-helper';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 import {parseUrlDeprecated} from '../../../../src/url';
 
 describes.fakeWin(
@@ -322,6 +324,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('Window - History', {}, (env) => {
           'https://cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.example.com/path'
         ),
         addEventListener: () => null,
+        performance: new FakePerformance(window),
       };
       ampdoc = new AmpDocSingle(win);
       installHistoryServiceForDoc(ampdoc);
diff --git a/test/unit/test-action.js b/test/unit/test-action.js
index 8abe811942c2..c8e70795ea40 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-action.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-action.js
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {AmpDocSingle} from '#service/ampdoc-impl';
 
 import {createCustomEvent} from '#utils/event-helper';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
 import {whenCalled} from '#testing/helpers/service';
 
 /**
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ function actionService() {
     __AMP_SERVICES: {
       vsync: {obj: {}, ctor: Object},
     },
+    performance: new FakePerformance(window),
   };
   return new ActionService(new AmpDocSingle(win), document);
 }
diff --git a/test/unit/test-activity.js b/test/unit/test-activity.js
index f993cd0a11c2..404c98f6973c 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-activity.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-activity.js
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import {installViewerServiceForDoc} from '#service/viewer-impl';
 import {installViewportServiceForDoc} from '#service/viewport/viewport-impl';
 import {installVsyncService} from '#service/vsync-impl';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 import {installActivityServiceForTesting} from '../../extensions/amp-analytics/0.1/activity-impl';
 
 describes.sandboxed('Activity getTotalEngagedTime', {}, (env) => {
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('Activity getTotalEngagedTime', {}, (env) => {
       addEventListener: () => {},
       removeEventListener: () => {},
       Promise: window.Promise,
+      performance: new FakePerformance(window),
     };
     fakeDoc.defaultView = fakeWin;
     fakeDoc.head.defaultView = fakeWin;
@@ -301,6 +304,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('Activity getIncrementalEngagedTime', {}, (env) => {
       addEventListener: () => {},
       removeEventListener: () => {},
       Promise: window.Promise,
+      performance: new FakePerformance(window),
     };
     fakeDoc.defaultView = fakeWin;
     fakeDoc.head.defaultView = fakeWin;
diff --git a/test/unit/test-ampdoc.js b/test/unit/test-ampdoc.js
index 4ae8484fcb78..dc117347a76d 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-ampdoc.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-ampdoc.js
@@ -439,7 +439,13 @@ describes.sandboxed('AmpDoc.visibilityState', {}, (env) => {
       addEventListener: env.sandbox.spy(),
       removeEventListener: env.sandbox.spy(),
     };
-    win = {document: doc};
+    win = {
+      document: doc,
+      performance: {
+        now: Date.now,
+        timeOrigin: 1,
+      },
+    };
 
     childDoc = {
       body: null,
@@ -447,7 +453,13 @@ describes.sandboxed('AmpDoc.visibilityState', {}, (env) => {
       addEventListener: env.sandbox.spy(),
       removeEventListener: env.sandbox.spy(),
     };
-    childWin = {document: childDoc};
+    childWin = {
+      document: childDoc,
+      performance: {
+        now: Date.now,
+        timeOrigin: 2,
+      },
+    };
 
     top = new AmpDocSingle(win);
     embedSameWindow = new AmpDocFie(win, EMBED_URL, top);
@@ -524,6 +536,25 @@ describes.sandboxed('AmpDoc.visibilityState', {}, (env) => {
     expect(disposableService.dispose).to.be.calledOnce;
   });
 
+  describe('firstVisibleTime', () => {
+    it('should prefer timeOrigin doc initialized to visible', () => {
+      win.performance.timeOrigin = 10;
+      top = new AmpDocSingle(win, {visibilityState: 'visible'});
+
+      expect(top.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(10);
+    });
+
+    it('should wait for visible', () => {
+      top = new AmpDocSingle(win, {visibilityState: 'prerender'});
+
+      expect(top.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(null);
+
+      clock.tick(100);
+      top.overrideVisibilityState('visible');
+      expect(top.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(101);
+    });
+  });
+
   it('should be visible by default', () => {
     expect(top.getVisibilityState()).to.equal('visible');
     expect(embedSameWindow.getVisibilityState()).to.equal('visible');
@@ -537,13 +568,13 @@ describes.sandboxed('AmpDoc.visibilityState', {}, (env) => {
 
     expect(top.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
     expect(embedSameWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedOtherWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedChild.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
+    expect(embedOtherWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
+    expect(embedChild.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
 
     expect(top.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
     expect(embedSameWindow.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedOtherWindow.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedChild.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
+    expect(embedOtherWindow.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
+    expect(embedChild.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
 
     return Promise.all([
       top.whenFirstVisible(),
@@ -700,10 +731,10 @@ describes.sandboxed('AmpDoc.visibilityState', {}, (env) => {
     expect(top.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
     expect(embedSameWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
     expect(embedSameWindow.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedOtherWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedOtherWindow.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedChild.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedChild.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
+    expect(embedOtherWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
+    expect(embedOtherWindow.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
+    expect(embedChild.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
+    expect(embedChild.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
 
     clock.tick(1);
     embedOtherWindow.overrideVisibilityState('visible');
@@ -715,9 +746,9 @@ describes.sandboxed('AmpDoc.visibilityState', {}, (env) => {
     expect(top.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
     expect(embedSameWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
     expect(embedSameWindow.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
-    expect(embedOtherWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
+    expect(embedOtherWindow.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
     expect(embedOtherWindow.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(3);
-    expect(embedChild.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
+    expect(embedChild.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
     expect(embedChild.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(3);
   });
 
@@ -852,7 +883,10 @@ describes.realWin('AmpDocSingle', {}, (env) => {
       addEventListener: function () {},
       removeEventListener: function () {},
     };
-    const win = {document: doc};
+    const win = {
+      document: doc,
+      performance: env.win.performance,
+    };
 
     let bodyCallback;
     env.sandbox.stub(dom, 'waitForBodyOpenPromise').callsFake(() => {
diff --git a/test/unit/test-cid.js b/test/unit/test-cid.js
index cb8638a6d6d7..edcc8f61ea8f 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-cid.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-cid.js
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {installPlatformService} from '#service/platform-impl';
 import {installTimerService} from '#service/timer-impl';
 import {installViewerServiceForDoc} from '#service/viewer-impl';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
 import {macroTask} from '#testing/helpers';
 import {stubServiceForDoc} from '#testing/helpers/service';
 
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('cid', {}, (env) => {
       clearTimeout: window.clearTimeout,
       Math: window.Math,
       Promise: window.Promise,
+      performance: new FakePerformance(window),
     };
     fakeWin.document.defaultView = fakeWin;
     installDocService(fakeWin, /* isSingleDoc */ true);
diff --git a/test/unit/test-custom-element-registry.js b/test/unit/test-custom-element-registry.js
index 6f3941a9f566..519dd4566ae4 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-custom-element-registry.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-custom-element-registry.js
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import {
   upgradeOrRegisterElement,
 } from '#service/custom-element-registry';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 import {BaseElement} from '../../src/base-element';
 import {getImplSyncForTesting} from '../../src/custom-element';
 import {ElementStub} from '../../src/element-stub';
@@ -278,6 +280,7 @@ describes.realWin('CustomElement register', {amp: true}, (env) => {
         },
         HTMLElement,
         __AMP_EXTENDED_ELEMENTS: {},
+        performance: new FakePerformance(window),
       };
       doc.defaultView = win;
 
diff --git a/test/unit/test-fixed-layer.js b/test/unit/test-fixed-layer.js
index a496420433a9..83c8454ef95d 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-fixed-layer.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-fixed-layer.js
@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ import {installViewerServiceForDoc} from '#service/viewer-impl';
 import {Animation} from '#utils/animation';
 import {user} from '#utils/log';
 
-import {FakeMutationObserver, FakeWindow} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+import {
+  FakeMutationObserver,
+  FakePerformance,
+  FakeWindow,
+} from '#testing/fake-dom';
 
 describes.sandboxed('FixedLayer', {}, (env) => {
   let parentApi;
@@ -150,6 +154,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('FixedLayer', {}, (env) => {
         navigator: window.navigator,
         location: window.location,
         cookie: '',
+        performance: new FakePerformance(window),
       },
       createElement: (name) => {
         return createElement(name);
diff --git a/test/unit/test-storage.js b/test/unit/test-storage.js
index 90ef382daf50..7a4888afeb05 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-storage.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-storage.js
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import {
 
 import {dev} from '#utils/log';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 describes.sandboxed('Storage', {}, (env) => {
   let storage;
   let binding;
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('Storage', {}, (env) => {
         windowApi = {
           document: {},
           location: 'https://acme.com/document1',
+          performance: new FakePerformance(window),
         };
         ampdoc = new AmpDocSingle(windowApi);
 
diff --git a/test/unit/test-viewer.js b/test/unit/test-viewer.js
index d69d9b0ff0ff..0f2fef3d6aa1 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-viewer.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-viewer.js
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import {ViewerImpl} from '#service/viewer-impl';
 
 import {dev} from '#utils/log';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 import {parseUrlDeprecated, removeFragment} from '../../src/url';
 
 describes.sandboxed('Viewer', {}, (env) => {
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('Viewer', {}, (env) => {
       ancestorOrigins: null,
       search: '',
     };
+    windowApi.performance = new FakePerformance(window);
     windowApi.addEventListener = (type, listener) => {
       events[type] = listener;
     };
@@ -315,11 +318,12 @@ describes.sandboxed('Viewer', {}, (env) => {
     return promise;
   });
 
-  it('should initialize firstVisibleTime when doc becomes visible', () => {
+  it.only('should initialize firstVisibleTime when doc becomes visible', () => {
     const viewer = new ViewerImpl(ampdoc);
     expect(ampdoc.isVisible()).to.be.true;
-    expect(ampdoc.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(0);
-    expect(ampdoc.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(0);
+    // We don't live during the unix epoch, so time is always positive.
+    expect(ampdoc.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
+    expect(ampdoc.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
 
     // Becomes invisible.
     clock.tick(1);
@@ -327,8 +331,8 @@ describes.sandboxed('Viewer', {}, (env) => {
       state: 'hidden',
     });
     expect(ampdoc.isVisible()).to.be.false;
-    expect(ampdoc.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(0);
-    expect(ampdoc.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(0);
+    expect(ampdoc.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
+    expect(ampdoc.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
 
     // Back to visible.
     clock.tick(1);
@@ -336,7 +340,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('Viewer', {}, (env) => {
       state: 'visible',
     });
     expect(ampdoc.isVisible()).to.be.true;
-    expect(ampdoc.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(0);
+    expect(ampdoc.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
     expect(ampdoc.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
 
     // Back to invisible again.
@@ -345,7 +349,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('Viewer', {}, (env) => {
       state: 'hidden',
     });
     expect(ampdoc.isVisible()).to.be.false;
-    expect(ampdoc.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(0);
+    expect(ampdoc.getFirstVisibleTime()).to.equal(1);
     expect(ampdoc.getLastVisibleTime()).to.equal(2);
   });
 
diff --git a/test/unit/test-viewport.js b/test/unit/test-viewport.js
index 82b46a4ee6ff..63e9f8e2ae6b 100644
--- a/test/unit/test-viewport.js
+++ b/test/unit/test-viewport.js
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ import {installVsyncService} from '#service/vsync-impl';
 import {loadPromise} from '#utils/event-helper';
 import {dev} from '#utils/log';
 
+import {FakePerformance} from '#testing/fake-dom';
+
 import {getMode} from '../../src/mode';
 import {setParentWindow} from '../../src/service-helpers';
 
@@ -1648,6 +1650,7 @@ describes.sandboxed('Viewport META', {}, (env) => {
         clearTimeout: window.clearTimeout,
         location: {},
         Promise: window.Promise,
+        performance: new FakePerformance(window),
       };
       installTimerService(windowApi);
       installVsyncService(windowApi);
diff --git a/testing/fake-dom.js b/testing/fake-dom.js
index b0c85a66bbf3..3e32137ef38c 100644
--- a/testing/fake-dom.js
+++ b/testing/fake-dom.js
@@ -210,6 +210,9 @@ export class FakeWindow {
     /** @const */
     this.Date = window.Date;
 
+    /** @const */
+    this.performance = new FakePerformance(this);
+
     /** polyfill setTimeout. */
     this.setTimeout = function () {
       return window.setTimeout.apply(window, arguments);
@@ -751,6 +754,21 @@ export class FakeMutationObserver {
   }
 }
 
+export class FakePerformance {
+  constructor(win) {
+    /** @const */
+    this.win_ = win;
+  }
+
+  get timeOrigin() {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  now() {
+    return this.win_.Date.now();
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * @param {!Object} obj
  * @return {!Object}