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mdbx.h
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/**
_libmdbx_ (aka MDBX) is an extremely fast, compact, powerful, embeddable,
transactional [key-value
store](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key-value_database), with [Apache 2.0
license](./LICENSE). _MDBX_ has a specific set of properties and capabilities,
focused on creating unique lightweight solutions with extraordinary performance.
_libmdbx_ is superior to [LMDB](https://bit.ly/26ts7tL) in terms of features
and reliability, not inferior in performance. In comparison to LMDB, _libmdbx_
makes many things just work perfectly, not silently and catastrophically
break down. _libmdbx_ supports Linux, Windows, MacOS, OSX, iOS, Android,
FreeBSD, DragonFly, Solaris, OpenSolaris, OpenIndiana, NetBSD, OpenBSD and other
systems compliant with POSIX.1-2008.
Please visit https://libmdbx.dqdkfa.ru for more information, documentation,
C++ API description and links to the origin git repo with the source code.
Questions, feedback and suggestions are welcome to the Telegram' group
https://t.me/libmdbx.
Donations are welcome to ETH `0xD104d8f8B2dC312aaD74899F83EBf3EEBDC1EA3A`.
Всё будет хорошо!
\note The origin has been migrated to
[GitFlic](https://gitflic.ru/project/erthink/libmdbx) since on 2022-04-15 the
Github administration, without any warning nor explanation, deleted libmdbx
along with a lot of other projects, simultaneously blocking access for many
developers. For the same reason ~~Github~~ is blacklisted forever.
\section copyright LICENSE & COPYRIGHT
\copyright SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
\note Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for explanations license change,
credits and acknowledgments.
\author Леонид Юрьев aka Leonid Yuriev <[email protected]> \date 2015-2025
*******************************************************************************/
#pragma once
#ifndef LIBMDBX_H
#define LIBMDBX_H
#if defined(__riscv) || defined(__riscv__) || defined(__RISCV) || defined(__RISCV__)
#warning "The RISC-V architecture is intentionally insecure by design. \
Please delete this admonition at your own risk, \
if you make such decision informed and consciously. \
Refer to https://clck.ru/32d9xH for more information."
#endif /* RISC-V */
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(push, 1)
#pragma warning(disable : 4548) /* expression before comma has no effect; \
expected expression with side - effect */
#pragma warning(disable : 4530) /* C++ exception handler used, but unwind \
* semantics are not enabled. Specify /EHsc */
#pragma warning(disable : 4577) /* 'noexcept' used with no exception handling \
* mode specified; termination on exception is \
* not guaranteed. Specify /EHsc */
#endif /* _MSC_VER (warnings) */
/* *INDENT-OFF* */
/* clang-format off */
/**
\file mdbx.h
\brief The libmdbx C API header file.
\defgroup c_api C API
@{
\defgroup c_err Error handling
\defgroup c_opening Opening & Closing
\defgroup c_transactions Transactions
\defgroup c_dbi Tables
\defgroup c_crud Create/Read/Update/Delete (see Quick Reference in details)
\details
\anchor c_crud_hints
# Quick Reference for Insert/Update/Delete operations
Historically, libmdbx inherits the API basis from LMDB, where it is often
difficult to select flags/options and functions for the desired operation.
So it is recommend using this hints.
## Tables with UNIQUE keys
In tables created without the \ref MDBX_DUPSORT option, keys are always
unique. Thus always a single value corresponds to the each key, and so there
are only a few cases of changing data.
| Case | Flags to use | Result |
|---------------------------------------------|---------------------|------------------------|
| _INSERTING_|||
|Key is absent → Insertion |\ref MDBX_NOOVERWRITE|Insertion |
|Key exist → Error since key present |\ref MDBX_NOOVERWRITE|Error \ref MDBX_KEYEXIST and return Present value|
| _UPSERTING_|||
|Key is absent → Insertion |\ref MDBX_UPSERT |Insertion |
|Key exist → Update |\ref MDBX_UPSERT |Update |
| _UPDATING_|||
|Key is absent → Error since no such key |\ref MDBX_CURRENT |Error \ref MDBX_NOTFOUND|
|Key exist → Update |\ref MDBX_CURRENT |Update value |
| _DELETING_|||
|Key is absent → Error since no such key |\ref mdbx_del() or \ref mdbx_replace()|Error \ref MDBX_NOTFOUND|
|Key exist → Delete by key |\ref mdbx_del() with the parameter `data = NULL`|Deletion|
|Key exist → Delete by key with data matching check|\ref mdbx_del() with the parameter `data` filled with the value which should be match for deletion|Deletion or \ref MDBX_NOTFOUND if the value does not match|
|Delete at the current cursor position |\ref mdbx_cursor_del() with \ref MDBX_CURRENT flag|Deletion|
|Extract (read & delete) value by the key |\ref mdbx_replace() with zero flag and parameter `new_data = NULL`|Returning a deleted value|
## Tables with NON-UNIQUE keys
In tables created with the \ref MDBX_DUPSORT (Sorted Duplicates) option, keys
may be non unique. Such non-unique keys in a key-value table may be treated
as a duplicates or as like a multiple values corresponds to keys.
| Case | Flags to use | Result |
|---------------------------------------------|---------------------|------------------------|
| _INSERTING_|||
|Key is absent → Insertion |\ref MDBX_NOOVERWRITE|Insertion|
|Key exist → Needn't to add new values |\ref MDBX_NOOVERWRITE|Error \ref MDBX_KEYEXIST with returning the first value from those already present|
| _UPSERTING_|||
|Key is absent → Insertion |\ref MDBX_UPSERT |Insertion|
|Key exist → Wanna to add new values |\ref MDBX_UPSERT |Add one more value to the key|
|Key exist → Replace all values with a new one|\ref MDBX_UPSERT + \ref MDBX_ALLDUPS|Overwrite by single new value|
| _UPDATING_|||
|Key is absent → Error since no such key |\ref MDBX_CURRENT |Error \ref MDBX_NOTFOUND|
|Key exist, Single value → Update |\ref MDBX_CURRENT |Update single value |
|Key exist, Multiple values → Replace all values with a new one|\ref MDBX_CURRENT + \ref MDBX_ALLDUPS|Overwrite by single new value|
|Key exist, Multiple values → Error since it is unclear which of the values should be updated|\ref mdbx_put() with \ref MDBX_CURRENT|Error \ref MDBX_EMULTIVAL|
|Key exist, Multiple values → Update particular entry of multi-value|\ref mdbx_replace() with \ref MDBX_CURRENT + \ref MDBX_NOOVERWRITE and the parameter `old_value` filled with the value that wanna to update|Update one multi-value entry|
|Key exist, Multiple values → Update the current entry of multi-value|\ref mdbx_cursor_put() with \ref MDBX_CURRENT|Update one multi-value entry|
| _DELETING_|||
|Key is absent → Error since no such key |\ref mdbx_del() or \ref mdbx_replace()|Error \ref MDBX_NOTFOUND|
|Key exist → Delete all values corresponds given key|\ref mdbx_del() with the parameter `data = NULL`|Deletion|
|Key exist → Delete particular value corresponds given key|\ref mdbx_del() with the parameter `data` filled with the value that wanna to delete, or \ref mdbx_replace() with \ref MDBX_CURRENT + \ref MDBX_NOOVERWRITE and the `old_value` parameter filled with the value that wanna to delete and `new_data = NULL`| Deletion or \ref MDBX_NOTFOUND if no such key-value pair|
|Delete one value at the current cursor position|\ref mdbx_cursor_del() with \ref MDBX_CURRENT flag|Deletion only the current entry|
|Delete all values of key at the current cursor position|\ref mdbx_cursor_del() with \ref MDBX_ALLDUPS flag|Deletion all duplicates of key (all multi-values) at the current cursor position|
\defgroup c_cursors Cursors
\defgroup c_statinfo Statistics & Information
\defgroup c_settings Settings
\defgroup c_debug Logging and runtime debug
\defgroup c_rqest Range query estimation
\defgroup c_extra Extra operations
*/
/* *INDENT-ON* */
/* clang-format on */
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#if !defined(NDEBUG) && !defined(assert)
#include <assert.h>
#endif /* NDEBUG */
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)
#include <windows.h>
#include <winnt.h>
#ifndef __mode_t_defined
typedef unsigned short mdbx_mode_t;
#else
typedef mode_t mdbx_mode_t;
#endif /* __mode_t_defined */
typedef HANDLE mdbx_filehandle_t;
typedef DWORD mdbx_pid_t;
typedef DWORD mdbx_tid_t;
#else /* Windows */
#include <errno.h> /* for error codes */
#include <pthread.h> /* for pthread_t */
#include <sys/types.h> /* for pid_t */
#include <sys/uio.h> /* for struct iovec */
#define HAVE_STRUCT_IOVEC 1
typedef int mdbx_filehandle_t;
typedef pid_t mdbx_pid_t;
typedef pthread_t mdbx_tid_t;
typedef mode_t mdbx_mode_t;
#endif /* !Windows */
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif
/** end of c_api @}
*
* \defgroup api_macros Common Macros
* @{ */
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __has_attribute
#define __has_attribute(x) (0)
#endif /* __has_attribute */
#ifndef __has_c_attribute
#define __has_c_attribute(x) (0)
#define __has_c_attribute_qualified(x) 0
#elif !defined(__STDC_VERSION__) || __STDC_VERSION__ < 202311L
#define __has_c_attribute_qualified(x) 0
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
/* MSVC don't support `namespace::attr` syntax */
#define __has_c_attribute_qualified(x) 0
#else
#define __has_c_attribute_qualified(x) __has_c_attribute(x)
#endif /* __has_c_attribute */
#ifndef __has_cpp_attribute
#define __has_cpp_attribute(x) 0
#define __has_cpp_attribute_qualified(x) 0
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
/* MSVC don't support `namespace::attr` syntax */
#define __has_cpp_attribute_qualified(x) 0
#else
#define __has_cpp_attribute_qualified(x) __has_cpp_attribute(x)
#endif /* __has_cpp_attribute */
#ifndef __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute
#if defined(__cplusplus)
#define __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute(x) __has_cpp_attribute_qualified(x)
#else
#define __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute(x) __has_c_attribute_qualified(x)
#endif
#endif /* __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute */
#ifndef __has_feature
#define __has_feature(x) (0)
#define __has_exceptions_disabled (0)
#elif !defined(__has_exceptions_disabled)
#define __has_exceptions_disabled (__has_feature(cxx_noexcept) && !__has_feature(cxx_exceptions))
#endif /* __has_feature */
#ifndef __has_extension
#define __has_extension(x) __has_feature(x)
#endif /* __has_extension */
#ifndef __has_builtin
#define __has_builtin(x) (0)
#endif /* __has_builtin */
/** \brief The 'pure' function attribute for optimization.
* \details Many functions have no effects except the return value and their
* return value depends only on the parameters and/or global variables.
* Such a function can be subject to common subexpression elimination
* and loop optimization just as an arithmetic operator would be.
* These functions should be declared with the attribute pure. */
#if defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_PURE_FUNCTION [[gnu::pure]]
#elif __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute(gnu::pure)
#define MDBX_PURE_FUNCTION [[gnu::pure]]
#elif (defined(__GNUC__) || __has_attribute(__pure__)) && \
(!defined(__clang__) /* https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43275 */ || !defined(__cplusplus) || \
__has_exceptions_disabled)
#define MDBX_PURE_FUNCTION __attribute__((__pure__))
#else
#define MDBX_PURE_FUNCTION
#endif /* MDBX_PURE_FUNCTION */
/** \brief The 'pure nothrow' function attribute for optimization.
* \details Like \ref MDBX_PURE_FUNCTION with addition `noexcept` restriction
* that is compatible to CLANG and proposed [[pure]]. */
#if defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_PURE_FUNCTION [[gnu::pure, gnu::nothrow]]
#elif __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute(gnu::pure)
#if __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute(gnu::nothrow)
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_PURE_FUNCTION [[gnu::pure, gnu::nothrow]]
#else
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_PURE_FUNCTION [[gnu::pure]]
#endif
#elif defined(__GNUC__) || (__has_attribute(__pure__) && __has_attribute(__nothrow__))
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_PURE_FUNCTION __attribute__((__pure__, __nothrow__))
#elif __has_cpp_attribute(pure)
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_PURE_FUNCTION [[pure]]
#else
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_PURE_FUNCTION
#endif /* MDBX_NOTHROW_PURE_FUNCTION */
/** \brief The 'const' function attribute for optimization.
* \details Many functions do not examine any values except their arguments,
* and have no effects except the return value. Basically this is just
* slightly more strict class than the PURE attribute, since function
* is not allowed to read global memory.
*
* Note that a function that has pointer arguments and examines the
* data pointed to must not be declared const. Likewise, a function
* that calls a non-const function usually must not be const.
* It does not make sense for a const function to return void. */
#if defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_CONST_FUNCTION [[gnu::const]]
#elif __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute(gnu::const)
#define MDBX_CONST_FUNCTION [[gnu::const]]
#elif (defined(__GNUC__) || __has_attribute(__const__)) && \
(!defined(__clang__) /* https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43275 */ || !defined(__cplusplus) || \
__has_exceptions_disabled)
#define MDBX_CONST_FUNCTION __attribute__((__const__))
#else
#define MDBX_CONST_FUNCTION MDBX_PURE_FUNCTION
#endif /* MDBX_CONST_FUNCTION */
/** \brief The 'const nothrow' function attribute for optimization.
* \details Like \ref MDBX_CONST_FUNCTION with addition `noexcept` restriction
* that is compatible to CLANG and future [[const]]. */
#if defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_CONST_FUNCTION [[gnu::const, gnu::nothrow]]
#elif __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute(gnu::const)
#if __has_C23_or_CXX_attribute(gnu::nothrow)
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_CONST_FUNCTION [[gnu::const, gnu::nothrow]]
#else
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_CONST_FUNCTION [[gnu::const]]
#endif
#elif defined(__GNUC__) || (__has_attribute(__const__) && __has_attribute(__nothrow__))
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_CONST_FUNCTION __attribute__((__const__, __nothrow__))
#elif __has_cpp_attribute_qualified(const)
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_CONST_FUNCTION [[const]]
#else
#define MDBX_NOTHROW_CONST_FUNCTION MDBX_NOTHROW_PURE_FUNCTION
#endif /* MDBX_NOTHROW_CONST_FUNCTION */
/** \brief The 'deprecated' attribute to produce warnings when used.
* \note This macro may be predefined as empty to avoid "deprecated" warnings.
*/
#ifndef MDBX_DEPRECATED
#ifdef __deprecated
#define MDBX_DEPRECATED __deprecated
#elif defined(DOXYGEN) || ((!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__) || __GNUC__ > 5) && \
((defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201403L && __has_cpp_attribute(deprecated) && \
__has_cpp_attribute(deprecated) >= 201309L) || \
(!defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 202304L)))
#define MDBX_DEPRECATED [[deprecated]]
#elif (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 5) || \
(__has_attribute(__deprecated__) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__) || __GNUC__ > 5))
#define MDBX_DEPRECATED __attribute__((__deprecated__))
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#define MDBX_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
#else
#define MDBX_DEPRECATED
#endif
#endif /* MDBX_DEPRECATED */
#ifndef MDBX_DEPRECATED_ENUM
#ifdef __deprecated_enum
#define MDBX_DEPRECATED_ENUM __deprecated_enum
#elif defined(DOXYGEN) || \
(!defined(_MSC_VER) || (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201403L && __has_cpp_attribute(deprecated) && \
__has_cpp_attribute(deprecated) >= 201309L))
#define MDBX_DEPRECATED_ENUM MDBX_DEPRECATED
#else
#define MDBX_DEPRECATED_ENUM /* avoid madness MSVC */
#endif
#endif /* MDBX_DEPRECATED_ENUM */
#ifndef __dll_export
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(__MINGW__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || \
defined(__MINGW64__)
#if defined(__GNUC__) || __has_attribute(__dllexport__)
#define __dll_export __attribute__((__dllexport__))
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#define __dll_export __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define __dll_export
#endif
#elif defined(__GNUC__) || __has_attribute(__visibility__)
#define __dll_export __attribute__((__visibility__("default")))
#else
#define __dll_export
#endif
#endif /* __dll_export */
#ifndef __dll_import
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(__MINGW__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || \
defined(__MINGW64__)
#if defined(__GNUC__) || __has_attribute(__dllimport__)
#define __dll_import __attribute__((__dllimport__))
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#define __dll_import __declspec(dllimport)
#else
#define __dll_import
#endif
#else
#define __dll_import
#endif
#endif /* __dll_import */
/** \brief Auxiliary macro for robustly define the both inline version of API
* function and non-inline fallback dll-exported version for applications linked
* with old version of libmdbx, with a strictly ODR-common implementation. Thus,
* we emulate __extern_inline for all compilers, including non-GNU ones. */
#if defined(LIBMDBX_INTERNALS) && !defined(LIBMDBX_NO_EXPORTS_LEGACY_API)
#define LIBMDBX_INLINE_API(TYPE, NAME, ARGS) \
/* proto of exported which uses common impl */ LIBMDBX_API TYPE NAME ARGS; \
/* definition of common impl */ static __inline TYPE __inline_##NAME ARGS
#else
#define LIBMDBX_INLINE_API(TYPE, NAME, ARGS) static __inline TYPE NAME ARGS
#endif /* LIBMDBX_INLINE_API */
/** \brief Converts a macro argument into a string constant. */
#ifndef MDBX_STRINGIFY
#define MDBX_STRINGIFY_HELPER(x) #x
#define MDBX_STRINGIFY(x) MDBX_STRINGIFY_HELPER(x)
#endif /* MDBX_STRINGIFY */
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __cplusplus
#ifndef bool
#define bool _Bool
#endif
#ifndef true
#define true (1)
#endif
#ifndef false
#define false (0)
#endif
#endif /* bool without __cplusplus */
/** Workaround for old compilers without support for C++17 `noexcept`. */
#if defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_CXX17_NOEXCEPT noexcept
#elif !defined(__cpp_noexcept_function_type) || __cpp_noexcept_function_type < 201510L
#define MDBX_CXX17_NOEXCEPT
#else
#define MDBX_CXX17_NOEXCEPT noexcept
#endif /* MDBX_CXX17_NOEXCEPT */
/** Workaround for old compilers without support for any kind of `constexpr`. */
#if defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR constexpr
#define MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR_VAR constexpr
#elif !defined(__cplusplus)
#define MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR __inline
#define MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR_VAR const
#elif !defined(DOXYGEN) && \
((__cplusplus < 201103L && defined(__cpp_constexpr) && __cpp_constexpr < 200704L) || \
(defined(__LCC__) && __LCC__ < 124) || \
(defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__ < 407) && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(__LCC__)) || \
(defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910) || (defined(__clang__) && __clang_major__ < 4))
#define MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR inline
#define MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR_VAR const
#else
#define MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR constexpr
#define MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR_VAR constexpr
#endif /* MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR */
/** Workaround for old compilers without properly support for C++11 `constexpr`.
*/
#if defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR constexpr
#define MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR_VAR constexpr
#elif !defined(__cplusplus)
#define MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR __inline
#define MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR_VAR const
#elif !defined(DOXYGEN) && \
(!defined(__cpp_constexpr) || __cpp_constexpr < 201304L || (defined(__LCC__) && __LCC__ < 124) || \
(defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ < 6 && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(__LCC__)) || \
(defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910) || (defined(__clang__) && __clang_major__ < 5))
#define MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR inline
#define MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR_VAR const
#else
#define MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR constexpr
#define MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR_VAR constexpr
#endif /* MDBX_CXX11_CONSTEXPR */
/** Workaround for old compilers without properly support for C++14 `constexpr`.
*/
#if defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR constexpr
#define MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR_VAR constexpr
#elif !defined(__cplusplus)
#define MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR __inline
#define MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR_VAR const
#elif defined(DOXYGEN) || \
defined(__cpp_constexpr) && __cpp_constexpr >= 201304L && \
((defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1910) || (defined(__clang__) && __clang_major__ > 4) || \
(defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 6) || (!defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(_MSC_VER)))
#define MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR constexpr
#define MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR_VAR constexpr
#else
#define MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR inline
#define MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR_VAR const
#endif /* MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR */
#if defined(__noreturn)
#define MDBX_NORETURN __noreturn
#elif defined(_Noreturn)
#define MDBX_NORETURN _Noreturn
#elif defined(DOXYGEN) || (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L) || \
(!defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ > 202005L)
#define MDBX_NORETURN [[noreturn]]
#elif defined(__GNUC__) || __has_attribute(__noreturn__)
#define MDBX_NORETURN __attribute__((__noreturn__))
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__clang__)
#define MDBX_NORETURN __declspec(noreturn)
#else
#define MDBX_NORETURN
#endif /* MDBX_NORETURN */
#ifndef MDBX_PRINTF_ARGS
#if defined(__GNUC__) || __has_attribute(__format__) || defined(DOXYGEN)
#if defined(__MINGW__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__MINGW64__)
#define MDBX_PRINTF_ARGS(format_index, first_arg) __attribute__((__format__(__gnu_printf__, format_index, first_arg)))
#else
#define MDBX_PRINTF_ARGS(format_index, first_arg) __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, format_index, first_arg)))
#endif /* MinGW */
#else
#define MDBX_PRINTF_ARGS(format_index, first_arg)
#endif
#endif /* MDBX_PRINTF_ARGS */
#if defined(DOXYGEN) || \
(defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201603L && __has_cpp_attribute(maybe_unused) && \
__has_cpp_attribute(maybe_unused) >= 201603L) || \
(!defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ > 202005L)
#define MDBX_MAYBE_UNUSED [[maybe_unused]]
#elif defined(__GNUC__) || __has_attribute(__unused__)
#define MDBX_MAYBE_UNUSED __attribute__((__unused__))
#else
#define MDBX_MAYBE_UNUSED
#endif /* MDBX_MAYBE_UNUSED */
#if __has_attribute(no_sanitize) || defined(DOXYGEN)
#define MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM __attribute((__no_sanitize__("enum")))
#else
#define MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM
#endif /* MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM */
/* Oh, below are some songs and dances since:
* - C++ requires explicit definition of the necessary operators.
* - the proper implementation of DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS for C++ required
* the constexpr feature which is broken in most old compilers;
* - DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS may be defined broken as in the Windows SDK. */
#if !defined(DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS) && !defined(DOXYGEN)
#ifdef __cplusplus
#if !defined(__cpp_constexpr) || __cpp_constexpr < 200704L || (defined(__LCC__) && __LCC__ < 124) || \
(defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__ < 407) && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(__LCC__)) || \
(defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910) || (defined(__clang__) && __clang_major__ < 4)
/* The constexpr feature is not available or (may be) broken */
#define CONSTEXPR_ENUM_FLAGS_OPERATIONS 0
#else
/* C always allows these operators for enums */
#define CONSTEXPR_ENUM_FLAGS_OPERATIONS 1
#endif /* __cpp_constexpr */
/// Define operator overloads to enable bit operations on enum values that are
/// used to define flags (based on Microsoft's DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS).
#define DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(ENUM) \
extern "C++" { \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR ENUM operator|(ENUM a, ENUM b) { return ENUM(unsigned(a) | unsigned(b)); } \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR ENUM &operator|=(ENUM &a, ENUM b) { return a = a | b; } \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR ENUM operator&(ENUM a, ENUM b) { return ENUM(unsigned(a) & unsigned(b)); } \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR ENUM operator&(ENUM a, unsigned b) { return ENUM(unsigned(a) & b); } \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR ENUM operator&(unsigned a, ENUM b) { return ENUM(a & unsigned(b)); } \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR ENUM &operator&=(ENUM &a, ENUM b) { return a = a & b; } \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR ENUM &operator&=(ENUM &a, unsigned b) { return a = a & b; } \
MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR unsigned operator~(ENUM a) { return ~unsigned(a); } \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX01_CONSTEXPR ENUM operator^(ENUM a, ENUM b) { return ENUM(unsigned(a) ^ unsigned(b)); } \
MDBX_NOSANITIZE_ENUM MDBX_CXX14_CONSTEXPR ENUM &operator^=(ENUM &a, ENUM b) { return a = a ^ b; } \
}
#else /* __cplusplus */
/* nope for C since it always allows these operators for enums */
#define DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(ENUM)
#define CONSTEXPR_ENUM_FLAGS_OPERATIONS 1
#endif /* !__cplusplus */
#elif !defined(CONSTEXPR_ENUM_FLAGS_OPERATIONS)
#ifdef __cplusplus
/* DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS may be defined broken as in the Windows SDK */
#define CONSTEXPR_ENUM_FLAGS_OPERATIONS 0
#else
/* C always allows these operators for enums */
#define CONSTEXPR_ENUM_FLAGS_OPERATIONS 1
#endif
#endif /* DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS */
/** end of api_macros @} */
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** \addtogroup c_api
* @{ */
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* MDBX version 0.14.x */
#define MDBX_VERSION_MAJOR 0
#define MDBX_VERSION_MINOR 14
#ifndef LIBMDBX_API
#if defined(LIBMDBX_EXPORTS) || defined(DOXYGEN)
#define LIBMDBX_API __dll_export
#elif defined(LIBMDBX_IMPORTS)
#define LIBMDBX_API __dll_import
#else
#define LIBMDBX_API
#endif
#endif /* LIBMDBX_API */
#ifdef __cplusplus
#if defined(__clang__) || __has_attribute(type_visibility) || defined(DOXYGEN)
#define LIBMDBX_API_TYPE LIBMDBX_API __attribute__((type_visibility("default")))
#else
#define LIBMDBX_API_TYPE LIBMDBX_API
#endif
#else
#define LIBMDBX_API_TYPE
#endif /* LIBMDBX_API_TYPE */
#if defined(LIBMDBX_IMPORTS)
#define LIBMDBX_VERINFO_API __dll_import
#else
#define LIBMDBX_VERINFO_API __dll_export
#endif /* LIBMDBX_VERINFO_API */
/** \brief libmdbx version information, \see https://semver.org/ */
extern LIBMDBX_VERINFO_API const struct MDBX_version_info {
uint16_t major; /**< Major version number */
uint16_t minor; /**< Minor version number */
uint16_t patch; /**< Patch number */
uint16_t tweak; /**< Tweak number */
const char *semver_prerelease; /**< Semantic Versioning `pre-release` */
struct {
const char *datetime; /**< committer date, strict ISO-8601 format */
const char *tree; /**< commit hash (hexadecimal digits) */
const char *commit; /**< tree hash, i.e. digest of the source code */
const char *describe; /**< git-describe string */
} git; /**< source information from git */
const char *sourcery; /**< sourcery anchor for pinning */
} /** \brief libmdbx version information */ mdbx_version;
/** \brief libmdbx build information
* \attention Some strings could be NULL in case no corresponding information
* was provided at build time (i.e. flags). */
extern LIBMDBX_VERINFO_API const struct MDBX_build_info {
const char *datetime; /**< build timestamp (ISO-8601 or __DATE__ __TIME__) */
const char *target; /**< cpu/arch-system-config triplet */
const char *options; /**< mdbx-related options */
const char *compiler; /**< compiler */
const char *flags; /**< CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS */
const char *metadata; /**< an extra/custom information provided via
the MDBX_BUILD_METADATA definition
during library build */
} /** \brief libmdbx build information */ mdbx_build;
#if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)) && !MDBX_BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY
/* MDBX internally uses global and thread local storage destructors to
* automatically (de)initialization, releasing reader lock table slots
* and so on.
*
* If MDBX built as a DLL this is done out-of-the-box by DllEntry() function,
* which called automatically by Windows core with passing corresponding reason
* argument.
*
* Otherwise, if MDBX was built not as a DLL, some black magic
* may be required depending of Windows version:
*
* - Modern Windows versions, including Windows Vista and later, provides
* support for "TLS Directory" (e.g .CRT$XL[A-Z] sections in executable
* or dll file). In this case, MDBX capable of doing all automatically,
* therefore you DON'T NEED to call mdbx_module_handler()
* so the MDBX_MANUAL_MODULE_HANDLER defined as 0.
*
* - Obsolete versions of Windows, prior to Windows Vista, REQUIRES calling
* mdbx_module_handler() manually from corresponding DllMain() or WinMain()
* of your DLL or application,
* so the MDBX_MANUAL_MODULE_HANDLER defined as 1.
*
* Therefore, building MDBX as a DLL is recommended for all version of Windows.
* So, if you doubt, just build MDBX as the separate DLL and don't care about
* the MDBX_MANUAL_MODULE_HANDLER. */
#ifndef _WIN32_WINNT
#error Non-dll build libmdbx requires target Windows version \
to be explicitly defined via _WIN32_WINNT for properly \
handling thread local storage destructors.
#endif /* _WIN32_WINNT */
#if _WIN32_WINNT >= 0x0600 /* Windows Vista */
/* As described above mdbx_module_handler() is NOT needed for Windows Vista
* and later. */
#define MDBX_MANUAL_MODULE_HANDLER 0
#else
/* As described above mdbx_module_handler() IS REQUIRED for Windows versions
* prior to Windows Vista. */
#define MDBX_MANUAL_MODULE_HANDLER 1
void LIBMDBX_API NTAPI mdbx_module_handler(PVOID module, DWORD reason, PVOID reserved);
#endif
#endif /* Windows && !DLL && MDBX_MANUAL_MODULE_HANDLER */
/* OPACITY STRUCTURES *********************************************************/
/** \brief Opaque structure for a database environment.
* \details An environment supports multiple key-value tables (aka key-value
* maps, spaces or sub-databases), all residing in the same shared-memory map.
* \see mdbx_env_create() \see mdbx_env_close() */
#ifndef __cplusplus
typedef struct MDBX_env MDBX_env;
#else
struct MDBX_env;
#endif
/** \brief Opaque structure for a transaction handle.
* \ingroup c_transactions
* \details All table operations require a transaction handle. Transactions
* may be read-only or read-write.
* \see mdbx_txn_begin() \see mdbx_txn_commit() \see mdbx_txn_abort() */
#ifndef __cplusplus
typedef struct MDBX_txn MDBX_txn;
#else
struct MDBX_txn;
#endif
/** \brief A handle for an individual table (key-value spaces) in the
* environment.
* \ingroup c_dbi
* \details Zero handle is used internally (hidden Garbage Collection table).
* So, any valid DBI-handle great than 0 and less than or equal
* \ref MDBX_MAX_DBI.
* \see mdbx_dbi_open() \see mdbx_dbi_close() */
typedef uint32_t MDBX_dbi;
/** \brief Opaque structure for navigating through a table
* \ingroup c_cursors
* \see mdbx_cursor_create() \see mdbx_cursor_bind() \see mdbx_cursor_close()
*/
#ifndef __cplusplus
typedef struct MDBX_cursor MDBX_cursor;
#else
struct MDBX_cursor;
#endif
/** \brief Generic structure used for passing keys and data in and out of the
* table.
* \anchor MDBX_val \see mdbx::slice \see mdbx::buffer
*
* \details Values returned from the table are valid only until a subsequent
* update operation, or the end of the transaction. Do not modify or
* free them, they commonly point into the database itself.
*
* Key sizes must be between 0 and \ref mdbx_env_get_maxkeysize() inclusive.
* The same applies to data sizes in tables with the \ref MDBX_DUPSORT flag.
* Other data items can in theory be from 0 to \ref MDBX_MAXDATASIZE bytes long.
*
* \note The notable difference between MDBX and LMDB is that MDBX support zero
* length keys. */
#ifndef HAVE_STRUCT_IOVEC
struct iovec {
void *iov_base; /**< pointer to some data */
size_t iov_len; /**< the length of data in bytes */
};
#define HAVE_STRUCT_IOVEC
#endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_IOVEC */
#if defined(__sun) || defined(__SVR4) || defined(__svr4__)
/* The `iov_len` is signed on Sun/Solaris.
* So define custom MDBX_val to avoid a lot of warnings. */
struct MDBX_val {
void *iov_base; /**< pointer to some data */
size_t iov_len; /**< the length of data in bytes */
};
#ifndef __cplusplus
typedef struct MDBX_val MDBX_val;
#endif
#else /* SunOS */
typedef struct iovec MDBX_val;
#endif /* ! SunOS */
enum MDBX_constants {
/** The hard limit for DBI handles. */
MDBX_MAX_DBI = UINT32_C(32765),
/** The maximum size of a data item. */
MDBX_MAXDATASIZE = UINT32_C(0x7fff0000),
/** The minimal database page size in bytes. */
MDBX_MIN_PAGESIZE = 256,
/** The maximal database page size in bytes. */
MDBX_MAX_PAGESIZE = 65536,
};
/* THE FILES *******************************************************************
* At the file system level, the environment corresponds to a pair of files. */
#ifndef MDBX_LOCKNAME
/** \brief The name of the lock file in the environment
* without using \ref MDBX_NOSUBDIR */
#if !(defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64))
#define MDBX_LOCKNAME "/mdbx.lck"
#else
#define MDBX_LOCKNAME_W L"\\mdbx.lck"
#define MDBX_LOCKNAME_A "\\mdbx.lck"
#ifdef UNICODE
#define MDBX_LOCKNAME MDBX_LOCKNAME_W
#else
#define MDBX_LOCKNAME MDBX_LOCKNAME_A
#endif /* UNICODE */
#endif /* Windows */
#endif /* MDBX_LOCKNAME */
#ifndef MDBX_DATANAME
/** \brief The name of the data file in the environment
* without using \ref MDBX_NOSUBDIR */
#if !(defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64))
#define MDBX_DATANAME "/mdbx.dat"
#else
#define MDBX_DATANAME_W L"\\mdbx.dat"
#define MDBX_DATANAME_A "\\mdbx.dat"
#ifdef UNICODE
#define MDBX_DATANAME MDBX_DATANAME_W
#else
#define MDBX_DATANAME MDBX_DATANAME_A
#endif /* UNICODE */
#endif /* Windows */
#endif /* MDBX_DATANAME */
#ifndef MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX
/** \brief The suffix of the lock file when \ref MDBX_NOSUBDIR is used */
#if !(defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64))
#define MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX "-lck"
#else
#define MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX_W L"-lck"
#define MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX_A "-lck"
#ifdef UNICODE
#define MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX_W
#else
#define MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX_A
#endif /* UNICODE */
#endif /* Windows */
#endif /* MDBX_LOCK_SUFFIX */
/* DEBUG & LOGGING ************************************************************/
/** \addtogroup c_debug
* \note Most of debug feature enabled only when libmdbx built with
* \ref MDBX_DEBUG build option. @{ */
/** Log level
* \note Levels detailed than (great than) \ref MDBX_LOG_NOTICE
* requires build libmdbx with \ref MDBX_DEBUG option. */
typedef enum MDBX_log_level {
/** Critical conditions, i.e. assertion failures.
* \note libmdbx always produces such messages regardless
* of \ref MDBX_DEBUG build option. */
MDBX_LOG_FATAL = 0,
/** Enables logging for error conditions
* and \ref MDBX_LOG_FATAL.
* \note libmdbx always produces such messages regardless
* of \ref MDBX_DEBUG build option. */
MDBX_LOG_ERROR = 1,
/** Enables logging for warning conditions
* and \ref MDBX_LOG_ERROR ... \ref MDBX_LOG_FATAL.
* \note libmdbx always produces such messages regardless
* of \ref MDBX_DEBUG build option. */
MDBX_LOG_WARN = 2,
/** Enables logging for normal but significant condition
* and \ref MDBX_LOG_WARN ... \ref MDBX_LOG_FATAL.
* \note libmdbx always produces such messages regardless
* of \ref MDBX_DEBUG build option. */
MDBX_LOG_NOTICE = 3,
/** Enables logging for verbose informational
* and \ref MDBX_LOG_NOTICE ... \ref MDBX_LOG_FATAL.
* \note Requires build libmdbx with \ref MDBX_DEBUG option. */
MDBX_LOG_VERBOSE = 4,
/** Enables logging for debug-level messages
* and \ref MDBX_LOG_VERBOSE ... \ref MDBX_LOG_FATAL.
* \note Requires build libmdbx with \ref MDBX_DEBUG option. */
MDBX_LOG_DEBUG = 5,
/** Enables logging for trace debug-level messages
* and \ref MDBX_LOG_DEBUG ... \ref MDBX_LOG_FATAL.
* \note Requires build libmdbx with \ref MDBX_DEBUG option. */
MDBX_LOG_TRACE = 6,
/** Enables extra debug-level messages (dump pgno lists)
* and all other log-messages.
* \note Requires build libmdbx with \ref MDBX_DEBUG option. */
MDBX_LOG_EXTRA = 7,
#ifdef ENABLE_UBSAN
MDBX_LOG_MAX = 7 /* avoid UBSAN false-positive trap by a tests */,
#endif /* ENABLE_UBSAN */
/** for \ref mdbx_setup_debug() only: Don't change current settings */
MDBX_LOG_DONTCHANGE = -1
} MDBX_log_level_t;
/** \brief Runtime debug flags
*
* \details `MDBX_DBG_DUMP` and `MDBX_DBG_LEGACY_MULTIOPEN` always have an
* effect, but `MDBX_DBG_ASSERT`, `MDBX_DBG_AUDIT` and `MDBX_DBG_JITTER` only if
* libmdbx built with \ref MDBX_DEBUG. */
typedef enum MDBX_debug_flags {
MDBX_DBG_NONE = 0,
/** Enable assertion checks.
* \note Always enabled for builds with `MDBX_FORCE_ASSERTIONS` option,
* otherwise requires build with \ref MDBX_DEBUG > 0 */
MDBX_DBG_ASSERT = 1,
/** Enable pages usage audit at commit transactions.
* \note Requires build with \ref MDBX_DEBUG > 0 */
MDBX_DBG_AUDIT = 2,
/** Enable small random delays in critical points.
* \note Requires build with \ref MDBX_DEBUG > 0 */
MDBX_DBG_JITTER = 4,
/** Include or not meta-pages in coredump files.
* \note May affect performance in \ref MDBX_WRITEMAP mode */
MDBX_DBG_DUMP = 8,
/** Allow multi-opening environment(s) */
MDBX_DBG_LEGACY_MULTIOPEN = 16,
/** Allow read and write transactions overlapping for the same thread. */
MDBX_DBG_LEGACY_OVERLAP = 32,
/** Don't auto-upgrade format signature.
* \note However a new write transactions will use and store
* the last signature regardless this flag */
MDBX_DBG_DONT_UPGRADE = 64,
#ifdef ENABLE_UBSAN
MDBX_DBG_MAX = ((unsigned)MDBX_LOG_MAX) << 16 | 127 /* avoid UBSAN false-positive trap by a tests */,
#endif /* ENABLE_UBSAN */
/** for mdbx_setup_debug() only: Don't change current settings */
MDBX_DBG_DONTCHANGE = -1
} MDBX_debug_flags_t;
DEFINE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(MDBX_debug_flags)
/** \brief A debug-logger callback function,
* called before printing the message and aborting.
* \see mdbx_setup_debug()
*
* \param [in] loglevel The severity of message.
* \param [in] function The function name which emits message,
* may be NULL.
* \param [in] line The source code line number which emits message,
* may be zero.
* \param [in] fmt The printf-like format string with message.
* \param [in] args The variable argument list respectively for the
* format-message string passed by `fmt` argument.
* Maybe NULL or invalid if the format-message string
* don't contain `%`-specification of arguments. */
typedef void MDBX_debug_func(MDBX_log_level_t loglevel, const char *function, int line, const char *fmt,
va_list args) MDBX_CXX17_NOEXCEPT;
/** \brief The "don't change `logger`" value for mdbx_setup_debug() */
#define MDBX_LOGGER_DONTCHANGE ((MDBX_debug_func *)(intptr_t)-1)
#define MDBX_LOGGER_NOFMT_DONTCHANGE ((MDBX_debug_func_nofmt *)(intptr_t)-1)
/** \brief Setup global log-level, debug options and debug logger.
* \returns The previously `debug_flags` in the 0-15 bits
* and `log_level` in the 16-31 bits. */
LIBMDBX_API int mdbx_setup_debug(MDBX_log_level_t log_level, MDBX_debug_flags_t debug_flags, MDBX_debug_func *logger);
typedef void MDBX_debug_func_nofmt(MDBX_log_level_t loglevel, const char *function, int line, const char *msg,
unsigned length) MDBX_CXX17_NOEXCEPT;
LIBMDBX_API int mdbx_setup_debug_nofmt(MDBX_log_level_t log_level, MDBX_debug_flags_t debug_flags,
MDBX_debug_func_nofmt *logger, char *logger_buffer, size_t logger_buffer_size);
/** \brief A callback function for most MDBX assert() failures,
* called before printing the message and aborting.
* \see mdbx_env_set_assert()
*
* \param [in] env An environment handle.
* \param [in] msg The assertion message, not including newline.
* \param [in] function The function name where the assertion check failed,
* may be NULL.
* \param [in] line The line number in the source file
* where the assertion check failed, may be zero. */
typedef void MDBX_assert_func(const MDBX_env *env, const char *msg, const char *function,
unsigned line) MDBX_CXX17_NOEXCEPT;
/** \brief Set or reset the assert() callback of the environment.
*
* Does nothing if libmdbx was built with MDBX_DEBUG=0 or with NDEBUG,
* and will return `MDBX_ENOSYS` in such case.
*
* \param [in] env An environment handle returned by mdbx_env_create().
* \param [in] func An MDBX_assert_func function, or 0.
*
* \returns A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. */
LIBMDBX_API int mdbx_env_set_assert(MDBX_env *env, MDBX_assert_func *func);
/** \brief Dump given MDBX_val to the buffer
*
* Dumps it as string if value is printable (all bytes in the range 0x20..0x7E),
* otherwise made hexadecimal dump. Requires at least 4 byte length buffer.
*
* \returns One of:
* - NULL if given buffer size less than 4 bytes;
* - pointer to constant string if given value NULL or empty;