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KR5c0126_013.txt
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# -*- mode: mandoku-view -*-
#+TITLE: 莊子
#+DATE: 2016-08-10 10:04:30
#+PROPERTY: ID KR5c0126
#+PROPERTY: BASEEDITION CHANT
#+PROPERTY: JUAN 12
#+PROPERTY: JUAN 33
#+PROPERTY: CAT 1pre-han,哲學思想,道家
#+PROPERTY: BASEEDITION CHANT
#+PROPERTY: ID H11-06-0033
#+PROPERTY: BASEEDITION CHANT
#+PROPERTY: WITNESS chant
# src: ZHUANG 13.1.1 Guo Qingfan 457; Wang Shumin 471; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 336
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-1a>¶
** 13 天道第十三
天道運而无所積,¶
故萬物成;¶
帝道運而无所積,¶
故天下歸;¶
聖道運而无所積,¶
故海內服。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.1.2 Guo Qingfan 457; Wang Shumin 471; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 337
# dating: 8110
明於天,¶
通於聖,¶
六通四辟於帝王之德者,¶
其自為也,¶
昧然无不靜者矣。¶
聖人之靜也,¶
非曰靜也善,¶
故靜也;¶
萬物无足以鐃心者,¶
故靜也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.1.3 Guo Qingfan 457; Wang Shumin 471; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 337
# dating: 8110
水靜則明燭鬚眉,¶
平中准,¶
大匠取法焉。¶
水靜猶明,¶
而況精神!¶
聖人之心靜乎!¶
天地之鑒也,¶
萬物之鏡也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.1.4 Guo Qingfan 457; Wang Shumin 471; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 337
# dating: 8110
夫虛靜恬淡寂漠无為者,¶
天地之平
而道德之至,¶
故帝王聖人休焉。¶
休則虛,¶
虛則實,¶
實者倫矣。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.1.5 Guo Qingfan 457; Wang Shumin 471; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 337
# dating: 8110
虛則靜,¶
靜則動,¶
動則得矣。¶
靜則无為,¶
无為也則任事者責矣。¶
无為則俞俞,¶
俞俞者憂患不能處,¶
年壽長矣。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.1.6 Guo Qingfan 457; Wang Shumin 471; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 337
# dating: 8110
夫虛靜恬淡寂漠无為者,¶
萬物之本也。¶
明此以南鄉,¶
堯之為君也;¶
明此以北面,¶
舜之為臣也。¶
以此處上,¶
帝王天子之德也;¶
以此處下,¶
玄聖素王之道也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.1.7 Guo Qingfan 457; Wang Shumin 471; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 337
# dating: 8110
以此退居
而間游江海,山林之士服;¶
以此進為而撫世,¶
則功大名顯
而天下一也。¶
靜而聖,¶
動而王,¶
无為也而尊,¶
樸素而天下莫能與之爭美。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.1 Guo Qingfan 458; Wang Shumin 471; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
夫明白於天地之德者,¶
此之謂大本大宗,¶
與天和者也;¶
所以均調天下,¶
與人和者也。¶
與人和者,¶
謂之人樂;¶
與天和者,¶
謂之天樂。
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.2 Guo Qingfan 462; Wang Shumin 475; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-2a>¶
莊子曰:¶
「吾師乎!¶
吾師乎!𩐋¶
萬物
而不為戾,¶
澤及萬世
而不為仁,¶
長於上古
而不為壽,¶
覆載天地刻彫眾形
而不為巧,¶
此之謂天樂。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.3 Guo Qingfan 462; Wang Shumin 475; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
故曰:¶
『知天樂者,¶
其生也天行,¶
其死也物化。¶
靜而與陰同德,¶
動而與陽同波。』¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.4 Guo Qingfan 462; Wang Shumin 475; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
故知天樂者,¶
无天怨,¶
无人非,¶
无物累,¶
无鬼責。¶
故曰:¶
『其動也天,¶
其靜也地,¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.5 Guo Qingfan 462; Wang Shumin 475; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
一心定而王天下;¶
其鬼不祟,¶
其魂不疲,¶
一心定
而萬物服。』¶
言以虛靜推於天地,¶
通於萬物,¶
此之謂天樂。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.6 Guo Qingfan 463; Wang Shumin 475; Fang Yong 345; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
天樂者,¶
聖人之心,¶
以畜天下也。」<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-3a>¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.7 Guo Qingfan 465; Wang Shumin 476; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
夫帝王之德,¶
以天地為宗,¶
以道德為主,¶
以无為為常。¶
无為也,¶
則用天下而有餘;¶
有為也,¶
則為天下用而不足。¶
故古之人貴夫无為也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.8 Guo Qingfan 465; Wang Shumin 476; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
上无為也,¶
下亦无為也,¶
是下與上同德,¶
下與上同德
則不臣;¶
下有為也,¶
上亦有為也,¶
是上與下同道,¶
上與下同道
則不主。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.9 Guo Qingfan 465; Wang Shumin 476; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
上必无為
而用天下,¶
下必有為
為天下用,¶
此不易之道也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.10 Guo Qingfan 465; Wang Shumin 476; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
故古之王天下者,¶
知雖落天地,¶
不自慮也;¶
辯雖彫萬物,¶
不自說也;¶
能雖窮海內,¶
不自為也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.11 Guo Qingfan 465; Wang Shumin 476; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
天不產
而萬物化,¶
地不長
而萬物育,¶
帝王无為
而天下功。¶
故曰
莫神於天,¶
莫富於地,¶
莫大於帝王。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.12 Guo Qingfan 465; Wang Shumin 476; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
故曰
帝王之德配天地。¶
此乘天地,¶
馳萬物,¶
而用人群之道也。
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.13 Guo Qingfan 467; Wang Shumin 479; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-4a>¶
本在於上,¶
末在於下;¶
要在於主,¶
詳在於臣。¶
三軍五兵之運,¶
德之末也;¶
賞罰利害,¶
五刑之辟,¶
教之末也;¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.14 Guo Qingfan 468; Wang Shumin 479; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
禮法度數,¶
刑名比詳,¶
治之末也;¶
鐘鼓之音,¶
羽旄之容,¶
樂之末也;¶
哭泣衰絰,¶
隆殺之服,¶
哀之末也。¶
此五末者,¶
須精神之運,¶
心術之動,¶
然後從之者也。
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.15 Guo Qingfan 469; Wang Shumin 479; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-5a>¶
末學者,¶
古人有之,¶
而非所以先也。¶
君先而臣從,¶
父先而子從,¶
兄先而弟從,¶
長先而少從,¶
男先而女從,¶
夫先而婦從。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.16 Guo Qingfan 469; Wang Shumin 479; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
夫尊卑先後,¶
天地之行也,¶
故聖人取象焉。¶
天尊
地卑,¶
神明之位也;¶
春夏先,¶
秋冬後,¶
四時之序也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.17 Guo Qingfan 469; Wang Shumin 479; Fang Yong 346; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
萬物化作,¶
萌區有狀;¶
盛衰之殺,¶
變化之流也。¶
夫天地至神,¶
而有尊卑
先後之序,¶
而況人道乎!¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.18 Guo Qingfan 469; Wang Shumin 479; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
宗廟尚親,¶
朝廷尚尊,¶
鄉黨尚齒,¶
行事尚賢,¶
大道之序也。¶
語道而非其序者,¶
非其道也;¶
語道而非其道者,¶
安取道哉!
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.19 Guo Qingfan 471; Wang Shumin 4i2; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-6a>
是故古之明大道者,¶
先明天
而道德次之,¶
道德已明
而仁義次之,¶
仁義已明
而分守次之,¶
分守已明
而形名次之,¶
形名已明
而因任次之,¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.20 Guo Qingfan 471; Wang Shumin 4i2; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
因任已明
而原省次之,¶
原省已明
而是非次之,¶
是非已明
而賞罰次之。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.21 Guo Qingfan 471; Wang Shumin 4i2; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
賞罰已明
而愚知處宜,¶
貴賤履位;¶
仁賢不肖襲情,¶
必分其能,¶
必由其名。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.22 Guo Qingfan 471; Wang Shumin 4i2; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
以此事上,¶
以此畜下,¶
以此治物,¶
以此脩身,¶
知謀不用,¶
必歸其天,¶
此之謂太平,¶
治之至也。
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.23 Guo Qingfan 473; Wang Shumin 4i2; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-7a>¶
故《書》曰:¶
「有形有名。」¶
形名者,¶
古人有之,¶
而非所以先也。¶
古之語大道者,¶
五變而形名可舉,¶
九變而賞罰可言也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.24 Guo Qingfan 473; Wang Shumin 4i2; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
驟而語形名,¶
不知其本也;¶
驟而語賞罰,¶
不知其始也。¶
倒道而言,¶
迕道而說者,¶
人之所治也,¶
安能治人!¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.25 Guo Qingfan 473; Wang Shumin 4i2; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
驟而語形名賞罰,¶
此有知治之具,¶
非知治之道;¶
可用於天下,¶
不足以用天下;¶
此之謂辯士,¶
一曲之人也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.2.26 Guo Qingfan 473; Wang Shumin 4i2; Fang Yong 347; Chen Guying 340
# dating: 8110
禮法數度,¶
刑名比詳,¶
古人有之,¶
此下之所以事上,¶
非上之所以畜下也。
# src: ZHUANG 13.3.1 Guo Qingfan 475; Wang Shumin 485; Fang Yong 355; Chen Guying 344
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-8a>¶
昔者舜問於堯曰:¶
「天王之用心何如?」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.3.2 Guo Qingfan 475; Wang Shumin 485; Fang Yong 355; Chen Guying 344
# dating: 8110
堯曰:¶
「吾不敖无告,¶
不廢窮民,¶
苦死者,¶
嘉孺子而哀婦人。¶
此吾所以用心已。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.3.3 Guo Qingfan 475; Wang Shumin 485; Fang Yong 355; Chen Guying 344
# dating: 8110
(舜曰:¶
「美則美矣,¶
而未大也。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.3.4 Guo Qingfan 475; Wang Shumin 485; Fang Yong 355; Chen Guying 344
# dating: 8110
堯曰:¶
「然則何如?」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.3.5 Guo Qingfan 476; Wang Shumin 485; Fang Yong 355; Chen Guying 345
# dating: 8110
舜曰:¶
「天德而出寧,¶
日月照而四時行,¶
若晝夜之有經,¶
雲行而雨施矣。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.3.6 Guo Qingfan 476; Wang Shumin 485; Fang Yong 355; Chen Guying 345
# dating: 8110
堯曰:¶「膠膠擾擾乎!¶
子,天之合也;¶
我,人之合也。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.3.7 Guo Qingfan 476; Wang Shumin 485; Fang Yong 355; Chen Guying 345
# dating: 8110
夫天地者,¶
古之所大也,¶
而黃帝堯舜之所共美也。¶
故古之王天下者,¶
奚為哉?¶
天地而已矣。
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.1 Guo Qingfan 477; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 346
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-9a>¶
孔子西藏書於周室。¶
子路謀曰:¶
「由聞周之徵藏史有老聃者,¶
免而歸居,¶
夫子欲藏書,¶
則試往因焉。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.2 Guo Qingfan 477; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 346
# dating: 8110
孔子曰:¶「善。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.3 Guo Qingfan 477; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 346
# dating: 8110
往見老聃,¶
而老聃不許,¶
於是繙十二經以說。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.4 Guo Qingfan 478; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 347
# dating: 8110
老聃中其說,¶
曰:¶
「大謾,¶
願聞其要。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.5 Guo Qingfan 478; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 347
# dating: 8110
孔子曰:¶「要在仁義。」<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-10a>¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.6 Guo Qingfan 478; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 347
# dating: 8110
老聃曰:¶「請問:¶仁義,人之性邪?」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.7 Guo Qingfan 478; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 347
# dating: 8110
孔子曰:¶「然。¶
君子不仁則不成,¶
不義則不生。¶
仁義,真人之性也,¶
又將奚為矣?」<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-11a>¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.8 Guo Qingfan 478; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 347
# dating: 8110
老聃曰:¶
「請問:何謂仁義?」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.9 Guo Qingfan 479; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 347
# dating: 8110
孔子曰:¶
「中心物愷,¶
兼愛无私,¶
此仁義之情也。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.10 Guo Qingfan 479; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 347
# dating: 8110
老聃曰:¶
「意,¶
幾乎後言!¶
夫兼愛,¶
不亦迂乎!¶
无私焉,¶
乃私也。¶
夫子若欲使天下无失其牧乎?¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.4.11 Guo Qingfan 479; Wang Shumin 487; Fang Yong 357; Chen Guying 347
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則天地固有常矣,¶
日月固有明矣,¶
星辰固有列矣,¶
禽獸固有群矣,¶
樹木固有立矣。¶
夫子亦放德而行,¶
循道而趨,¶
已至矣;¶
又何偈偈乎
揭仁義,若擊鼓而求亡子焉?¶
意,
夫子亂人之性也!」<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-12a>¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.1 Guo Qingfan 4i1; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
# dating: 8110
士成綺見老子
而問曰:¶「吾聞夫子聖人也,¶
吾固不辭遠道
而來願見,¶
百舍重趼
而不敢息。¶
今吾觀子,¶
非聖人也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.2 Guo Qingfan 4i1; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
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鼠壤有餘蔬,¶
而棄妹,¶
不仁也,¶
生熟不盡於前,¶
而積歛无崖。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.3 Guo Qingfan 4i2; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
# dating: 8110
老子漠然不應。
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.4 Guo Qingfan 4i2; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
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<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-13a>¶
士成綺明日復見,¶
曰:¶
「昔者吾有刺於子,¶
今吾心正郤矣,¶
何故也?」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.5 Guo Qingfan 4i2; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
# dating: 8110
老子曰:¶
「夫巧知神聖之人,¶
吾自以為脫焉。¶
昔者子呼我牛也而謂之牛,¶
呼我馬也而謂之馬。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.6 Guo Qingfan 4i2; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
# dating: 8110
苟有其實,¶
人與之名而弗受,¶
再受其殃。¶
吾服也恆服,¶
吾非以服有服。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.7 Guo Qingfan 4i4; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
# dating: 8110
士成綺鴈行避影,¶
履行遂進而問:¶
「脩身若何?」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.8 Guo Qingfan 4i4; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
# dating: 8110
老子曰:¶
「而容崖然,¶
而目衝然,¶
而顙頯然,¶
而口闞然,¶
而狀義然,¶
似繫馬而止也。¶
動而持,¶
發也機,¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.5.9 Guo Qingfan 4i4; Wang Shumin 491; Fang Yong 360; Chen Guying 350
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察而審,¶
知巧而覩於泰,¶
凡以為不信。¶
邊竟有人焉,其名為竊。」<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-14a>¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.6.1 Guo Qingfan 486; Wang Shumin 495; Fang Yong 363; Chen Guying 354
# dating: 8110
老子曰:¶
「夫道,¶
於大不終,¶
於小不遺,¶
故萬物備。¶
廣廣乎其无不容也,¶
淵淵乎其不可測也。¶
形德仁義,¶
神之末也,¶
非至人孰能定之!¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.6.2 Guo Qingfan 486; Wang Shumin 495; Fang Yong 363; Chen Guying 354
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夫至人有世,¶
不亦大乎!¶
而不足以為之累。¶
天下奮柄
而不與之偕,¶
審乎无假
而不與利遷,¶
極物之真,¶
能守其本,¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.6.3 Guo Qingfan 486; Wang Shumin 495; Fang Yong 363; Chen Guying 354
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故外天地,¶
遺萬物,¶
而神未嘗有所困也。¶
通乎道,¶
合乎德,¶
退仁義,¶
賓禮樂,¶
至人之心有所定矣。」<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-15a>¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.7.1 Guo Qingfan 488; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 365; Chen Guying 356
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世之所貴道者書也,¶
書不過語,¶
語有貴也。¶
語之所貴者意也,¶
意有所隨。¶
意之所隨者,¶
不可以言傳也,¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.7.2 Guo Qingfan 488; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 356
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而世因貴言傳書。¶
世雖貴之哉!¶
猶不足貴也,¶
為其貴非其貴也。¶
故視而可見者,¶
形與色也;¶
聽而可聞者,¶
名與聲也。¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.7.3 Guo Qingfan 488; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 356
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悲夫,¶
世人以形色名聲為足以得彼之情!¶
夫形色名聲果不足以得彼之情,¶
則知者不言,¶
言者不知,¶
而世豈識之哉!<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-16a>¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.8.1 Guo Qingfan 490; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 357
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桓公讀書於堂上。¶
輪扁斲輪於堂下,¶
釋椎鑿
而上,¶
問桓公曰:¶
“「敢問,公之所讀為何言邪?」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.8.2 Guo Qingfan 490; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 357
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公曰:¶「聖人之言也。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.8.3 Guo Qingfan 490; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 357
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曰:¶
「聖人在乎?」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.8.4 Guo Qingfan 490; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 357
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公曰:¶「已死矣。」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.8.5 Guo Qingfan 490; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 357
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曰:¶
「然則君之所讀者,¶
古人之糟魄已夫!」¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.8.6 Guo Qingfan 491; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 358
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桓公曰:¶「寡人讀書,輪人安得議乎!¶
有說則可,¶
无說則死。」<pb:KR5c0126_CHANT_013-17a>¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.8.7 Guo Qingfan 491; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 358
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輪扁曰:¶
「臣也以臣之事觀之。¶
斲輪,¶
徐則甘而不固,¶
疾則苦而不入。¶
不徐不疾,¶
得之於手,而應於心,¶
# src: ZHUANG 13.8.8 Guo Qingfan 491; Wang Shumin 498; Fang Yong 366; Chen Guying 358
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口不能言,¶
有數存焉於其間。¶
臣不能以喻臣之子,¶
臣之子亦不能受之於臣,¶
是以行年七十而老斲輪。¶
古之人與其不可傳也死矣,¶
然則君之所讀者,¶
古人之糟魄已夫!」