diff --git a/rust/src/format/fragment.rs b/rust/src/format/fragment.rs
index 8894b3bc80..2080bcdf22 100644
--- a/rust/src/format/fragment.rs
+++ b/rust/src/format/fragment.rs
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ impl From<&pb::DataFile> for DataFile {
 ///
 /// A fragment is a set of files which represent the different columns of the same rows.
 /// If column exists in the schema, but the related file does not exist, treat this column as `nulls`.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Fragment {
     /// Fragment ID
     pub id: u64,
diff --git a/rust/src/format/manifest.rs b/rust/src/format/manifest.rs
index 47f256540f..b2b66034ce 100644
--- a/rust/src/format/manifest.rs
+++ b/rust/src/format/manifest.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ use crate::format::{pb, ProtoStruct};
 ///  * Version
 ///  * Fragments.
 ///  * Indices.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Manifest {
     /// Dataset schema.
     pub schema: Schema,
diff --git a/rust/src/io/reader.rs b/rust/src/io/reader.rs
index 4b73832f3c..ea34c35c43 100644
--- a/rust/src/io/reader.rs
+++ b/rust/src/io/reader.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ use arrow_schema::{DataType, Field as ArrowField, Schema as ArrowSchema};
 use arrow_select::concat::{concat, concat_batches};
 use async_recursion::async_recursion;
 use byteorder::{ByteOrder, LittleEndian};
+use bytes::{Bytes, BytesMut};
 use futures::stream::{self, TryStreamExt};
 use futures::StreamExt;
 use object_store::path::Path;
@@ -52,11 +53,14 @@ use crate::{
 use super::object_store::ObjectStore;
 
 /// Read Manifest on URI.
+///
+/// This only reads manifest files. It does not read data files.
 pub async fn read_manifest(object_store: &ObjectStore, path: &Path) -> Result<Manifest> {
     let file_size = object_store.inner.head(path).await?.size;
     const PREFETCH_SIZE: usize = 64 * 1024;
+    let initial_start = std::cmp::max(file_size as i64 - PREFETCH_SIZE as i64, 0) as usize;
     let range = Range {
-        start: std::cmp::max(file_size as i64 - PREFETCH_SIZE as i64, 0) as usize,
+        start: initial_start,
         end: file_size,
     };
     let buf = object_store.inner.get_range(path, range).await?;
@@ -71,15 +75,43 @@ pub async fn read_manifest(object_store: &ObjectStore, path: &Path) -> Result<Ma
         ));
     }
     let manifest_pos = LittleEndian::read_i64(&buf[buf.len() - 16..buf.len() - 8]) as usize;
-    assert!(
-        file_size - manifest_pos <= buf.len(),
-        "Assert file_size - manifest_pos <= buf.len(), but got file_size = {}, manifest_pos = {}, buf.len() = {}",
-        file_size,
-        manifest_pos,
-        buf.len()
-    );
-    let proto =
-        pb::Manifest::decode(&buf[buf.len() - (file_size - manifest_pos) + 4..buf.len() - 16])?;
+    let manifest_len = file_size - manifest_pos;
+
+    let buf: Bytes = if manifest_len <= buf.len() {
+        // The prefetch catpured the entire manifest. We just need to trim the buffer.
+        buf.slice(buf.len() - manifest_len..buf.len())
+    } else {
+        // The prefetch only captured part of the manifest. We need to make an
+        // additional range request to read the remainder.
+        let mut buf2: BytesMut = object_store
+            .inner
+            .get_range(
+                path,
+                Range {
+                    start: manifest_pos,
+                    end: file_size - PREFETCH_SIZE,
+                },
+            )
+            .await?
+            .into_iter()
+            .collect();
+        buf2.extend_from_slice(&buf);
+        buf2.freeze()
+    };
+
+    let recorded_length = LittleEndian::read_u32(&buf[0..4]) as usize;
+    // Need to trim the magic number at end and message length at beginning
+    let buf = buf.slice(4..buf.len() - 16);
+
+    if buf.len() != recorded_length {
+        return Err(Error::IO(format!(
+            "Invalid format: manifest length does not match. Expected {}, got {}",
+            recorded_length,
+            buf.len()
+        )));
+    }
+
+    let proto = pb::Manifest::decode(buf)?;
     Ok(Manifest::from(proto))
 }
 
@@ -588,9 +620,11 @@ mod tests {
         RecordBatchReader, StringArray, StructArray, UInt32Array, UInt8Array,
     };
     use arrow_schema::{Field as ArrowField, Fields as ArrowFields, Schema as ArrowSchema};
+    use rand::{distributions::Alphanumeric, Rng};
     use tempfile::tempdir;
+    use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt;
 
-    use crate::io::FileWriter;
+    use crate::io::{write_manifest, FileWriter};
 
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn read_with_row_id() {
@@ -1182,4 +1216,47 @@ mod tests {
             &Int64Array::from_iter_values(7..25)
         );
     }
+
+    async fn test_roundtrip_manifest(prefix_size: usize, manifest_min_size: usize) {
+        let store = ObjectStore::memory();
+        let path = Path::from("/read_large_manifest");
+
+        let mut writer = store.create(&path).await.unwrap();
+
+        // Write prefix we should ignore
+        let prefix: Vec<u8> = rand::thread_rng()
+            .sample_iter(&Alphanumeric)
+            .take(prefix_size)
+            .collect();
+        writer.write_all(&prefix).await.unwrap();
+
+        let long_name: String = rand::thread_rng()
+            .sample_iter(&Alphanumeric)
+            .take(manifest_min_size)
+            .map(char::from)
+            .collect();
+
+        let arrow_schema =
+            ArrowSchema::new(vec![ArrowField::new(long_name, DataType::Int64, false)]);
+        let schema = Schema::try_from(&arrow_schema).unwrap();
+        let mut manifest = Manifest::new(&schema, Arc::new(vec![]));
+        let pos = write_manifest(&mut writer, &mut manifest, None)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        writer.write_magics(pos).await.unwrap();
+        writer.shutdown().await.unwrap();
+
+        let roundtripped_manifest = read_manifest(&store, &path).await.unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(manifest, roundtripped_manifest);
+
+        store.inner.delete(&path).await.unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_read_large_manifest() {
+        test_roundtrip_manifest(0, 100_000).await;
+        test_roundtrip_manifest(1000, 100_000).await;
+        test_roundtrip_manifest(1000, 1000).await;
+    }
 }