1278

1278. Palindrome Partitioning III (Hard)

You are given a string s containing lowercase letters and an integer k. You need to :

• First, change some characters of s to other lowercase English letters.
• Then divide s into k non-empty disjoint substrings such that each substring is palindrome.

Return the minimal number of characters that you need to change to divide the string.

 

Example 1:

Input: s = "abc", k = 2
Output: 1
Explanation: You can split the string into "ab" and "c", and change 1 character in "ab" to make it palindrome.

Example 2:

Input: s = "aabbc", k = 3
Output: 0
Explanation: You can split the string into "aa", "bb" and "c", all of them are palindrome.

Example 3:

Input: s = "leetcode", k = 8
Output: 0

 

Constraints:

• 1 <= k <= s.length <= 100.
• s only contains lowercase English letters.

Related Topics:
Dynamic Programming

Solution 1. DP

Let dp[k][i][j] be the minimal number of changes needed for s[i..j] with k divides.

dp[1][i][i] = 0
dp[1][i][j] = dp[1][i + 1][j - 1]       If s[i] == s[j]
            = 1 + dp[1][i + 1][j - 1]   If s[i] != s[j]

dp[k][i][j] = min( dp[k-1][i][t] + dp[1][t+1][j] | i + k - 1 <= t < j )

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/palindrome-partitioning-iii/
// Author: github.com/lzl124631x
// Time: O(K * N^3)
// Space: O(K * N^3)
class Solution {
    typedef long long LL;
    inline void setMin(LL &a, LL b) { a = min(a, b); }
public:
    int palindromePartition(string s, int K) {
        int N = s.size();
        vector<vector<vector<LL>>> dp(K + 1, vector<vector<LL>>(N, vector<LL>(N, 1e9)));
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) dp[1][i][i] = 0;
        for (int i = N - 2; i >= 0; --i) {
            for (int j = i + 1; j < N; ++j) {
                dp[1][i][j] = (s[i] != s[j]) + (i + 1 <= j - 1 ? dp[1][i + 1][j - 1] : 0);
            }
        }
        for (int k = 2; k <= K; ++k) {
            for (int i = N - 2; i >= 0; --i) {
                for (int j = i + k - 1; j < N; ++j) {
                    for (int t = i + k - 2; t < j; ++t) {
                        setMin(dp[k][i][j], dp[k - 1][i][t] + dp[1][t + 1][j]);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return dp[K][0][N - 1];
    }
};

Solution 2. DP

In Solution 1, for the k >= 2 cases, we don't need to iterate all i, j combinations.

Let pal[i][j] be the minimum changes needed to make s[i..j] palindrome.

Let dp[k][i] be the minimum changes needed for s[0..i] with k divides.

pal[i][i] = 0
pal[i][j] = dp[1][i + 1][j - 1]       If s[i] == s[j]
          = 1 + dp[1][i + 1][j - 1]   If s[i] != s[j]

dp[1][i] = pal[0][i]
dp[k][i] = min( dp[k-1][j] + pal[j+1][i] | k-2 <= j < i )

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/palindrome-partitioning-iii/
// Author: github.com/lzl124631x
// Time: O(K * N^2)
// Space: O(K * N^2)
class Solution {
    typedef long long LL;
    inline void setMin(LL &a, LL b) { a = min(a, b); }
public:
    int palindromePartition(string s, int K) {
        int N = s.size();
        vector<vector<LL>> pal(N, vector<LL>(N));
        vector<vector<LL>> dp(K + 1, vector<LL>(N, 1e9));
        for (int i = N - 2; i >= 0; --i) {
            for (int j = i + 1; j < N; ++j) {
                pal[i][j] = (s[i] != s[j]) + pal[i + 1][j - 1];
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) dp[1][i] = pal[0][i];
        for (int k = 2; k <= K; ++k) {
            for (int i = k - 1; i < N; ++i) {
                for (int j = k - 2; j < i; ++j) {
                    setMin(dp[k][i], dp[k - 1][j] + pal[j + 1][i]);
                }
            }
        }
        return dp[K][N - 1];
    }
};