From 42cfc549e55fc9fece66e7c4485729167a082a53 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: carson radtke <nosrac925@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 9 Nov 2024 14:04:45 -0600
Subject: [PATCH] improve performance of span_iterator w/ clang

Issue: #1165

Before this PR, the range-for loop was ~3300x slower. After this PR, it
is ~1.005x slower

The clang optimizer is very good at optimizing `current != end`, so
we changed to this idiom. This moves the Expects assertion into the
constructor instead of on the hot-path which is called whenever either
operator++ or operator* is called.

Note: The codegen for the assertion is still a missed optimization,
but less worrisome as it only happens once per iterator.

Note: benchmarks on M1 Macbook Pro w/ Apple Clang 16.0.0
---
 include/gsl/span | 21 +++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/gsl/span b/include/gsl/span
index d2ef9f7d..dcae9763 100644
--- a/include/gsl/span
+++ b/include/gsl/span
@@ -136,11 +136,14 @@ namespace details
         using _Unchecked_type = pointer;
         using _Prevent_inheriting_unwrap = span_iterator;
 #endif // _MSC_VER
-        constexpr span_iterator() = default;
+        constexpr span_iterator() = delete;
 
         constexpr span_iterator(pointer begin, pointer end, pointer current)
             : begin_(begin), end_(end), current_(current)
-        {}
+        {
+            Expects(begin && current && end);
+            Expects(begin <= current && current <= end);
+        }
 
         constexpr operator span_iterator<const Type>() const noexcept
         {
@@ -149,21 +152,18 @@ namespace details
 
         constexpr reference operator*() const noexcept
         {
-            Expects(begin_ && end_);
-            Expects(begin_ <= current_ && current_ < end_);
+            Expects(current_ != end_);
             return *current_;
         }
 
         constexpr pointer operator->() const noexcept
         {
-            Expects(begin_ && end_);
-            Expects(begin_ <= current_ && current_ < end_);
+            Expects(current_ != end_);
             return current_;
         }
         constexpr span_iterator& operator++() noexcept
         {
-            Expects(begin_ && current_ && end_);
-            Expects(current_ < end_);
+            Expects(current_ != end_);
             // clang-format off
             GSL_SUPPRESS(bounds.1) // NO-FORMAT: attribute
             // clang-format on
@@ -180,8 +180,7 @@ namespace details
 
         constexpr span_iterator& operator--() noexcept
         {
-            Expects(begin_ && end_);
-            Expects(begin_ < current_);
+            Expects(begin != current_);
             --current_;
             return *this;
         }
@@ -195,7 +194,6 @@ namespace details
 
         constexpr span_iterator& operator+=(const difference_type n) noexcept
         {
-            if (n != 0) Expects(begin_ && current_ && end_);
             if (n > 0) Expects(end_ - current_ >= n);
             if (n < 0) Expects(current_ - begin_ >= -n);
             // clang-format off
@@ -220,7 +218,6 @@ namespace details
 
         constexpr span_iterator& operator-=(const difference_type n) noexcept
         {
-            if (n != 0) Expects(begin_ && current_ && end_);
             if (n > 0) Expects(current_ - begin_ >= n);
             if (n < 0) Expects(end_ - current_ >= -n);
             GSL_SUPPRESS(bounds .1)