Part 1: Fundamentals and System Architecture
-
Introduction to Operating Systems
- Definition and Purpose
- Historical Evolution
- Types of Operating Systems
- System Calls and API Interfaces
-
OS Architecture Patterns
- Introduction to OS Architecture
- Monolithic Kernels
- MicroKernels
- Hybrid Kernels
- Virtual Machines as an OS Patterns
- ExoKernel
- Layered Systems
- Real-Time Operating Systems
- Adaptive and Reflective Architectures
- Security in OS Architecture
- Future Trends in OS Architectures
-
Computer System Architecture
- Von Neumann Architecture
- Instruction Execution Cycle
- Privilege Levels and Protection Rings
- Memory Hierarchy
- I/O Subsystems
- Interrupt Handling and DMA
-
Process Management
- Process Concepts and States
- Process Control Block (PCB)
- Context Switching
- Process Scheduling Algorithms
- Inter-Process Communication (IPC)
- POSIX Process Management APIs
-
Thread Management
- Thread Models and Implementation
- User-level vs Kernel-level Threads
- Thread Scheduling
- Thread Synchronization
- Thread Pools
- Pthread Programming
Part 2: Core Mechanisms
-
CPU Scheduling
- Scheduling Criteria and Metrics
- Preemptive vs Non-preemptive Scheduling
- Scheduling Algorithms:
- First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS)
- Shortest Job First (SJF)
- Round Robin
- Priority Scheduling
- Multilevel Queue
- Multilevel Feedback Queue
- Real-time Scheduling
- Multiprocessor Scheduling
-
Process Synchronization
- Race Conditions
- Critical Section Problem
- Peterson's Solution
- Hardware Support for Synchronization
- Semaphores and Mutex
- Monitors and Condition Variables
- Classical Synchronization Problems:
- Producer-Consumer
- Readers-Writers
- Dining Philosophers
- Deadlock Handling
-
Memory Management
- Memory Hierarchy and Management
- Address Binding
- Logical vs Physical Address Space
- Memory Allocation Strategies
- Memory Protection
- Memory Mapping
- Paging and Segmentation
- Virtual Memory Implementation
- Page Replacement Algorithms
- Working Set Model
- Thrashing
Part 3: Storage and I/O Systems
-
File Systems
- File Concepts and Operations
- File Organization Methods
- Directory Structure
- File System Implementation
- File Allocation Methods
- Free Space Management
- File System Security
- Journaling File Systems
- Virtual File Systems
- Case Studies (ext4, NTFS, ZFS)
-
Secondary Storage Management
- Disk Structure and Organization
- Disk Scheduling Algorithms
- RAID Configurations
- Storage Area Networks
- Solid State Drives
-
I/O Systems
- Device Drivers
- Buffer Management
Part 4: Advanced Topics
-
Security and Protection
- Security Goals and Principles
- Authentication and Access Control
- Access Control Lists (ACL)
- Capability Lists
- Security Models
- Cryptography in OS
- Malware Protection
- Trusted Computing Base
- Security Certifications
-
Distributed Systems
- Distributed OS Architecture
- Inter-Process Communication
- Distributed File Systems
- Distributed Coordination
- Clock Synchronization
- Distributed Scheduling
- Load Balancing
- Fault Tolerance
- Distributed Transactions
-
Virtualization and Cloud Computing
- Hypervisor Types
- Hardware Virtualization
- Paravirtualization
- Memory Virtualization
- I/O Virtualization
- Container Technologies
- Cloud Computing Models
- Resource Management in Cloud
- Migration and Load Balancing
-
Real-Time and Embedded Systems
- Real-time System Characteristics
- Hard vs Soft Real-time Systems
- Real-time Scheduling
- Priority Inversion
- Resource Management
- Embedded OS Design
- RTOS Examples
Part 5: Modern OS Topics
-
Mobile Operating Systems
- Mobile OS Architecture
- Power Management
- Memory Management in Mobile Systems
- Mobile File Systems
- Security in Mobile OS
- Application Management
-
Operating System Optimization
- Performance Metrics
- Profiling and Tracing
- System Tuning
- Kernel Configuration
- Resource Monitoring
- Debugging and Troubleshooting
-
Emerging Topics
- Quantum Computing OS
- AI/ML in Operating Systems
- Edge Computing
- Internet of Things (IoT) OS
- Blockchain-based OS
- Green Computing