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__init__.py
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'''
datetime.tzinfo timezone definitions generated from the
Olson timezone database:
ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tz*.tar.gz
See the datetime section of the Python Library Reference for information
on how to use these modules.
'''
# The Olson database has historically been updated about 4 times a year
OLSON_VERSION = '2006p'
VERSION = OLSON_VERSION
#VERSION = OLSON_VERSION + '.2'
__version__ = OLSON_VERSION
OLSEN_VERSION = OLSON_VERSION # Old releases had this misspelling
__all__ = [
'timezone', 'all_timezones', 'common_timezones', 'utc',
'AmbiguousTimeError', 'country_timezones', '_',
]
import sys, datetime, os.path, gettext
from tzinfo import AmbiguousTimeError, unpickler
# Enable this when we get some translations?
# We want an i18n API that is useful to programs using Python's gettext
# module, as well as the Zope3 i18n package. Perhaps we should just provide
# the POT file and translations, and leave it up to callers to make use
# of them.
#
# t = gettext.translation(
# 'pytz', os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'locales'),
# fallback=True
# )
# def _(timezone_name):
# """Translate a timezone name using the current locale, returning Unicode"""
# return t.ugettext(timezone_name)
def timezone(zone):
''' Return a datetime.tzinfo implementation for the given timezone
>>> from datetime import datetime, timedelta
>>> utc = timezone('UTC')
>>> eastern = timezone('US/Eastern')
>>> eastern.zone
'US/Eastern'
>>> utc_dt = datetime(2002, 10, 27, 6, 0, 0, tzinfo=utc)
>>> loc_dt = utc_dt.astimezone(eastern)
>>> fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z (%z)'
>>> loc_dt.strftime(fmt)
'2002-10-27 01:00:00 EST (-0500)'
>>> (loc_dt - timedelta(minutes=10)).strftime(fmt)
'2002-10-27 00:50:00 EST (-0500)'
>>> eastern.normalize(loc_dt - timedelta(minutes=10)).strftime(fmt)
'2002-10-27 01:50:00 EDT (-0400)'
>>> (loc_dt + timedelta(minutes=10)).strftime(fmt)
'2002-10-27 01:10:00 EST (-0500)'
'''
zone = _munge_zone(zone)
if zone.upper() == 'UTC':
return utc
zone_bits = ['zoneinfo'] + zone.split('/')
# Load zone's module
module_name = '.'.join(zone_bits)
try:
module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals())
except ImportError:
raise KeyError, zone
rv = module
for bit in zone_bits[1:]:
rv = getattr(rv, bit)
# Return instance from that module
rv = getattr(rv, zone_bits[-1])
assert type(rv) != type(sys)
return rv
def _munge_zone(zone):
''' Convert a zone into a string suitable for use as a Python identifier
'''
return zone.replace('+', '_plus_').replace('-', '_minus_')
ZERO = datetime.timedelta(0)
HOUR = datetime.timedelta(hours=1)
class UTC(datetime.tzinfo):
"""UTC
Identical to the reference UTC implementation given in Python docs except
that it unpickles using the single module global instance defined beneath
this class declaration.
Also contains extra attributes and methods to match other pytz tzinfo
instances.
"""
zone = "UTC"
def utcoffset(self, dt):
return ZERO
def tzname(self, dt):
return "UTC"
def dst(self, dt):
return ZERO
def __reduce__(self):
return _UTC, ()
def localize(self, dt, is_dst=False):
'''Convert naive time to local time'''
if dt.tzinfo is not None:
raise ValueError, 'Not naive datetime (tzinfo is already set)'
return dt.replace(tzinfo=self)
def normalize(self, dt, is_dst=False):
'''Correct the timezone information on the given datetime'''
if dt.tzinfo is None:
raise ValueError, 'Naive time - no tzinfo set'
return dt.replace(tzinfo=self)
def __repr__(self):
return "<UTC>"
def __str__(self):
return "UTC"
UTC = utc = UTC() # UTC is a singleton
def _UTC():
"""Factory function for utc unpickling.
Makes sure that unpickling a utc instance always returns the same
module global.
These examples belong in the UTC class above, but it is obscured; or in
the README.txt, but we are not depending on Python 2.4 so integrating
the README.txt examples with the unit tests is not trivial.
>>> import datetime, pickle
>>> dt = datetime.datetime(2005, 3, 1, 14, 13, 21, tzinfo=utc)
>>> naive = dt.replace(tzinfo=None)
>>> p = pickle.dumps(dt, 1)
>>> naive_p = pickle.dumps(naive, 1)
>>> len(p), len(naive_p), len(p) - len(naive_p)
(60, 43, 17)
>>> new = pickle.loads(p)
>>> new == dt
True
>>> new is dt
False
>>> new.tzinfo is dt.tzinfo
True
>>> utc is UTC is timezone('UTC')
True
>>> utc is timezone('GMT')
False
"""
return utc
_UTC.__safe_for_unpickling__ = True
def _p(*args):
"""Factory function for unpickling pytz tzinfo instances.
Just a wrapper around tzinfo.unpickler to save a few bytes in each pickle
by shortening the path.
"""
return unpickler(*args)
_p.__safe_for_unpickling__ = True
_country_timezones_cache = {}
def country_timezones(iso3166_code):
"""Return a list of timezones used in a particular country.
iso3166_code is the two letter code used to identify the country.
>>> country_timezones('ch')
['Europe/Zurich']
>>> country_timezones('CH')
['Europe/Zurich']
>>> country_timezones('XXX')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
KeyError: 'XXX'
"""
iso3166_code = iso3166_code.upper()
if not _country_timezones_cache:
try:
from pkg_resources import resource_stream
zone_tab = resource_stream(__name__, 'zone.tab')
except ImportError:
zone_tab = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'zone.tab'))
for line in zone_tab:
if line.startswith('#'):
continue
code, coordinates, zone = line.split(None, 4)[:3]
try:
_country_timezones_cache[code].append(zone)
except KeyError:
_country_timezones_cache[code] = [zone]
return _country_timezones_cache[iso3166_code]
# Time-zone info based solely on fixed offsets
class _FixedOffset(datetime.tzinfo):
zone = None # to match the standard pytz API
def __init__(self, minutes):
if abs(minutes) >= 1440:
raise ValueError("absolute offset is too large", minutes)
self._minutes = minutes
self._offset = datetime.timedelta(minutes=minutes)
def utcoffset(self, dt):
return self._offset
def __reduce__(self):
return FixedOffset, (self._minutes, )
def dst(self, dt):
return None
def tzname(self, dt):
return None
def __repr__(self):
return 'pytz.FixedOffset(%d)' % self._minutes
def localize(self, dt, is_dst=False):
'''Convert naive time to local time'''
if dt.tzinfo is not None:
raise ValueError, 'Not naive datetime (tzinfo is already set)'
return dt.replace(tzinfo=self)
def normalize(self, dt, is_dst=False):
'''Correct the timezone information on the given datetime'''
if dt.tzinfo is None:
raise ValueError, 'Naive time - no tzinfo set'
return dt.replace(tzinfo=self)
def FixedOffset(offset, _tzinfos = {}):
"""return a fixed-offset timezone based off a number of minutes.
>>> one = FixedOffset(-330)
>>> one
pytz.FixedOffset(-330)
>>> one.utcoffset(datetime.datetime.now())
datetime.timedelta(-1, 66600)
>>> two = FixedOffset(1380)
>>> two
pytz.FixedOffset(1380)
>>> two.utcoffset(datetime.datetime.now())
datetime.timedelta(0, 82800)
The datetime.timedelta must be between the range of -1 and 1 day,
non-inclusive.
>>> FixedOffset(1440)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: ('absolute offset is too large', 1440)
>>> FixedOffset(-1440)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: ('absolute offset is too large', -1440)
An offset of 0 is special-cased to return UTC.
>>> FixedOffset(0) is UTC
True
There should always be only one instance of a FixedOffset per timedelta.
This should be true for multiple creation calls.
>>> FixedOffset(-330) is one
True
>>> FixedOffset(1380) is two
True
It should also be true for pickling.
>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(one)) is one
True
>>> pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(two)) is two
True
"""
if offset == 0:
return UTC
info = _tzinfos.get(offset)
if info is None:
# We haven't seen this one before. we need to save it.
# Use setdefault to avoid a race condition and make sure we have
# only one
info = _tzinfos.setdefault(offset, _FixedOffset(offset))
return info
FixedOffset.__safe_for_unpickling__ = True
def _test():
import doctest, os, sys
sys.path.insert(0, os.pardir)
import pytz
return doctest.testmod(pytz)
if __name__ == '__main__':
_test()
common_timezones = \
['Africa/Abidjan',
'Africa/Accra',
'Africa/Addis_Ababa',
'Africa/Algiers',
'Africa/Asmera',
'Africa/Bamako',
'Africa/Bangui',
'Africa/Banjul',
'Africa/Bissau',
'Africa/Blantyre',
'Africa/Brazzaville',
'Africa/Bujumbura',
'Africa/Cairo',
'Africa/Casablanca',
'Africa/Ceuta',
'Africa/Conakry',
'Africa/Dakar',
'Africa/Dar_es_Salaam',
'Africa/Djibouti',
'Africa/Douala',
'Africa/El_Aaiun',
'Africa/Freetown',
'Africa/Gaborone',
'Africa/Harare',
'Africa/Johannesburg',
'Africa/Kampala',
'Africa/Khartoum',
'Africa/Kigali',
'Africa/Kinshasa',
'Africa/Lagos',
'Africa/Libreville',
'Africa/Lome',
'Africa/Luanda',
'Africa/Lubumbashi',
'Africa/Lusaka',
'Africa/Malabo',
'Africa/Maputo',
'Africa/Maseru',
'Africa/Mbabane',
'Africa/Mogadishu',
'Africa/Monrovia',
'Africa/Nairobi',
'Africa/Ndjamena',
'Africa/Niamey',
'Africa/Nouakchott',
'Africa/Ouagadougou',
'Africa/Porto-Novo',
'Africa/Sao_Tome',
'Africa/Timbuktu',
'Africa/Tripoli',
'Africa/Tunis',
'Africa/Windhoek',
'America/Adak',
'America/Anchorage',
'America/Anguilla',
'America/Antigua',
'America/Araguaina',
'America/Aruba',
'America/Asuncion',
'America/Atikokan',
'America/Atka',
'America/Bahia',
'America/Barbados',
'America/Belem',
'America/Belize',
'America/Blanc-Sablon',
'America/Boa_Vista',
'America/Bogota',
'America/Boise',
'America/Buenos_Aires',
'America/Cambridge_Bay',
'America/Campo_Grande',
'America/Cancun',
'America/Caracas',
'America/Catamarca',
'America/Cayenne',
'America/Cayman',
'America/Chicago',
'America/Chihuahua',
'America/Coral_Harbour',
'America/Cordoba',
'America/Costa_Rica',
'America/Cuiaba',
'America/Curacao',
'America/Danmarkshavn',
'America/Dawson',
'America/Dawson_Creek',
'America/Denver',
'America/Detroit',
'America/Dominica',
'America/Edmonton',
'America/Eirunepe',
'America/El_Salvador',
'America/Ensenada',
'America/Fort_Wayne',
'America/Fortaleza',
'America/Glace_Bay',
'America/Godthab',
'America/Goose_Bay',
'America/Grand_Turk',
'America/Grenada',
'America/Guadeloupe',
'America/Guatemala',
'America/Guayaquil',
'America/Guyana',
'America/Halifax',
'America/Havana',
'America/Hermosillo',
'America/Indianapolis',
'America/Inuvik',
'America/Iqaluit',
'America/Jamaica',
'America/Jujuy',
'America/Juneau',
'America/Knox_IN',
'America/La_Paz',
'America/Lima',
'America/Los_Angeles',
'America/Louisville',
'America/Maceio',
'America/Managua',
'America/Manaus',
'America/Martinique',
'America/Mazatlan',
'America/Mendoza',
'America/Menominee',
'America/Merida',
'America/Mexico_City',
'America/Miquelon',
'America/Moncton',
'America/Monterrey',
'America/Montevideo',
'America/Montreal',
'America/Montserrat',
'America/Nassau',
'America/New_York',
'America/Nipigon',
'America/Nome',
'America/Noronha',
'America/Panama',
'America/Pangnirtung',
'America/Paramaribo',
'America/Phoenix',
'America/Port-au-Prince',
'America/Port_of_Spain',
'America/Porto_Acre',
'America/Porto_Velho',
'America/Puerto_Rico',
'America/Rainy_River',
'America/Rankin_Inlet',
'America/Recife',
'America/Regina',
'America/Rio_Branco',
'America/Rosario',
'America/Santiago',
'America/Santo_Domingo',
'America/Sao_Paulo',
'America/Scoresbysund',
'America/Shiprock',
'America/St_Johns',
'America/St_Kitts',
'America/St_Lucia',
'America/St_Thomas',
'America/St_Vincent',
'America/Swift_Current',
'America/Tegucigalpa',
'America/Thule',
'America/Thunder_Bay',
'America/Tijuana',
'America/Toronto',
'America/Tortola',
'America/Vancouver',
'America/Virgin',
'America/Whitehorse',
'America/Winnipeg',
'America/Yakutat',
'America/Yellowknife',
'Antarctica/Casey',
'Antarctica/Davis',
'Antarctica/DumontDUrville',
'Antarctica/Mawson',
'Antarctica/McMurdo',
'Antarctica/Palmer',
'Antarctica/Rothera',
'Antarctica/South_Pole',
'Antarctica/Syowa',
'Antarctica/Vostok',
'Arctic/Longyearbyen',
'Asia/Aden',
'Asia/Almaty',
'Asia/Amman',
'Asia/Anadyr',
'Asia/Aqtau',
'Asia/Aqtobe',
'Asia/Ashgabat',
'Asia/Ashkhabad',
'Asia/Baghdad',
'Asia/Bahrain',
'Asia/Baku',
'Asia/Bangkok',
'Asia/Beirut',
'Asia/Bishkek',
'Asia/Brunei',
'Asia/Calcutta',
'Asia/Choibalsan',
'Asia/Chongqing',
'Asia/Chungking',
'Asia/Colombo',
'Asia/Dacca',
'Asia/Damascus',
'Asia/Dhaka',
'Asia/Dili',
'Asia/Dubai',
'Asia/Dushanbe',
'Asia/Gaza',
'Asia/Harbin',
'Asia/Hong_Kong',
'Asia/Hovd',
'Asia/Irkutsk',
'Asia/Istanbul',
'Asia/Jakarta',
'Asia/Jayapura',
'Asia/Jerusalem',
'Asia/Kabul',
'Asia/Kamchatka',
'Asia/Karachi',
'Asia/Kashgar',
'Asia/Katmandu',
'Asia/Krasnoyarsk',
'Asia/Kuala_Lumpur',
'Asia/Kuching',
'Asia/Kuwait',
'Asia/Macao',
'Asia/Macau',
'Asia/Magadan',
'Asia/Makassar',
'Asia/Manila',
'Asia/Muscat',
'Asia/Nicosia',
'Asia/Novosibirsk',
'Asia/Omsk',
'Asia/Oral',
'Asia/Phnom_Penh',
'Asia/Pontianak',
'Asia/Pyongyang',
'Asia/Qatar',
'Asia/Qyzylorda',
'Asia/Rangoon',
'Asia/Riyadh',
'Asia/Saigon',
'Asia/Sakhalin',
'Asia/Samarkand',
'Asia/Seoul',
'Asia/Shanghai',
'Asia/Singapore',
'Asia/Taipei',
'Asia/Tashkent',
'Asia/Tbilisi',
'Asia/Tehran',
'Asia/Tel_Aviv',
'Asia/Thimbu',
'Asia/Thimphu',
'Asia/Tokyo',
'Asia/Ujung_Pandang',
'Asia/Ulaanbaatar',
'Asia/Ulan_Bator',
'Asia/Urumqi',
'Asia/Vientiane',
'Asia/Vladivostok',
'Asia/Yakutsk',
'Asia/Yekaterinburg',
'Asia/Yerevan',
'Atlantic/Azores',
'Atlantic/Bermuda',
'Atlantic/Canary',
'Atlantic/Cape_Verde',
'Atlantic/Faeroe',
'Atlantic/Jan_Mayen',
'Atlantic/Madeira',
'Atlantic/Reykjavik',
'Atlantic/South_Georgia',
'Atlantic/St_Helena',
'Atlantic/Stanley',
'Australia/ACT',
'Australia/Adelaide',
'Australia/Brisbane',
'Australia/Broken_Hill',
'Australia/Canberra',
'Australia/Currie',
'Australia/Darwin',
'Australia/Hobart',
'Australia/LHI',
'Australia/Lindeman',
'Australia/Lord_Howe',
'Australia/Melbourne',
'Australia/NSW',
'Australia/North',
'Australia/Perth',
'Australia/Queensland',
'Australia/South',
'Australia/Sydney',
'Australia/Tasmania',
'Australia/Victoria',
'Australia/West',
'Australia/Yancowinna',
'Brazil/Acre',
'Brazil/DeNoronha',
'Brazil/East',
'Brazil/West',
'Canada/Atlantic',
'Canada/Central',
'Canada/East-Saskatchewan',
'Canada/Eastern',
'Canada/Mountain',
'Canada/Newfoundland',
'Canada/Pacific',
'Canada/Saskatchewan',
'Canada/Yukon',
'Chile/Continental',
'Chile/EasterIsland',
'Europe/Amsterdam',
'Europe/Andorra',
'Europe/Athens',
'Europe/Belfast',
'Europe/Belgrade',
'Europe/Berlin',
'Europe/Bratislava',
'Europe/Brussels',
'Europe/Bucharest',
'Europe/Budapest',
'Europe/Chisinau',
'Europe/Copenhagen',
'Europe/Dublin',
'Europe/Gibraltar',
'Europe/Guernsey',
'Europe/Helsinki',
'Europe/Isle_of_Man',
'Europe/Istanbul',
'Europe/Jersey',
'Europe/Kaliningrad',
'Europe/Kiev',
'Europe/Lisbon',
'Europe/Ljubljana',
'Europe/London',
'Europe/Luxembourg',
'Europe/Madrid',
'Europe/Malta',
'Europe/Mariehamn',
'Europe/Minsk',
'Europe/Monaco',
'Europe/Moscow',
'Europe/Nicosia',
'Europe/Oslo',
'Europe/Paris',
'Europe/Podgorica',
'Europe/Prague',
'Europe/Riga',
'Europe/Rome',
'Europe/Samara',
'Europe/San_Marino',
'Europe/Sarajevo',
'Europe/Simferopol',
'Europe/Skopje',
'Europe/Sofia',
'Europe/Stockholm',
'Europe/Tallinn',
'Europe/Tirane',
'Europe/Tiraspol',
'Europe/Uzhgorod',
'Europe/Vaduz',
'Europe/Vatican',
'Europe/Vienna',
'Europe/Vilnius',
'Europe/Volgograd',
'Europe/Warsaw',
'Europe/Zagreb',
'Europe/Zaporozhye',
'Europe/Zurich',
'GMT',
'Indian/Antananarivo',
'Indian/Chagos',
'Indian/Christmas',
'Indian/Cocos',
'Indian/Comoro',
'Indian/Kerguelen',
'Indian/Mahe',
'Indian/Maldives',
'Indian/Mauritius',
'Indian/Mayotte',
'Indian/Reunion',
'Mexico/BajaNorte',
'Mexico/BajaSur',
'Mexico/General',
'Pacific/Apia',
'Pacific/Auckland',
'Pacific/Chatham',
'Pacific/Easter',
'Pacific/Efate',
'Pacific/Enderbury',
'Pacific/Fakaofo',
'Pacific/Fiji',
'Pacific/Funafuti',
'Pacific/Galapagos',
'Pacific/Gambier',
'Pacific/Guadalcanal',
'Pacific/Guam',
'Pacific/Honolulu',
'Pacific/Johnston',
'Pacific/Kiritimati',
'Pacific/Kosrae',
'Pacific/Kwajalein',
'Pacific/Majuro',
'Pacific/Marquesas',
'Pacific/Midway',
'Pacific/Nauru',
'Pacific/Niue',
'Pacific/Norfolk',
'Pacific/Noumea',
'Pacific/Pago_Pago',
'Pacific/Palau',
'Pacific/Pitcairn',
'Pacific/Ponape',
'Pacific/Port_Moresby',
'Pacific/Rarotonga',
'Pacific/Saipan',
'Pacific/Samoa',
'Pacific/Tahiti',
'Pacific/Tarawa',
'Pacific/Tongatapu',
'Pacific/Truk',
'Pacific/Wake',
'Pacific/Wallis',
'Pacific/Yap',
'US/Alaska',
'US/Aleutian',
'US/Arizona',
'US/Central',
'US/East-Indiana',
'US/Eastern',
'US/Hawaii',
'US/Indiana-Starke',
'US/Michigan',
'US/Mountain',
'US/Pacific',
'US/Pacific-New',
'US/Samoa',
'UTC']
all_timezones = \
['Africa/Abidjan',
'Africa/Accra',
'Africa/Addis_Ababa',
'Africa/Algiers',
'Africa/Asmera',
'Africa/Bamako',
'Africa/Bangui',
'Africa/Banjul',
'Africa/Bissau',
'Africa/Blantyre',
'Africa/Brazzaville',
'Africa/Bujumbura',
'Africa/Cairo',
'Africa/Casablanca',
'Africa/Ceuta',
'Africa/Conakry',
'Africa/Dakar',
'Africa/Dar_es_Salaam',
'Africa/Djibouti',
'Africa/Douala',
'Africa/El_Aaiun',
'Africa/Freetown',
'Africa/Gaborone',
'Africa/Harare',
'Africa/Johannesburg',
'Africa/Kampala',
'Africa/Khartoum',
'Africa/Kigali',
'Africa/Kinshasa',
'Africa/Lagos',
'Africa/Libreville',
'Africa/Lome',
'Africa/Luanda',
'Africa/Lubumbashi',
'Africa/Lusaka',
'Africa/Malabo',
'Africa/Maputo',
'Africa/Maseru',
'Africa/Mbabane',
'Africa/Mogadishu',
'Africa/Monrovia',
'Africa/Nairobi',
'Africa/Ndjamena',
'Africa/Niamey',
'Africa/Nouakchott',
'Africa/Ouagadougou',
'Africa/Porto-Novo',
'Africa/Sao_Tome',
'Africa/Timbuktu',
'Africa/Tripoli',
'Africa/Tunis',
'Africa/Windhoek',
'America/Adak',
'America/Anchorage',
'America/Anguilla',
'America/Antigua',
'America/Araguaina',
'America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires',
'America/Argentina/Catamarca',
'America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia',
'America/Argentina/Cordoba',
'America/Argentina/Jujuy',
'America/Argentina/La_Rioja',
'America/Argentina/Mendoza',
'America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos',
'America/Argentina/San_Juan',
'America/Argentina/Tucuman',
'America/Argentina/Ushuaia',
'America/Aruba',
'America/Asuncion',
'America/Atikokan',
'America/Atka',
'America/Bahia',
'America/Barbados',
'America/Belem',
'America/Belize',
'America/Blanc-Sablon',
'America/Boa_Vista',
'America/Bogota',
'America/Boise',
'America/Buenos_Aires',
'America/Cambridge_Bay',
'America/Campo_Grande',
'America/Cancun',
'America/Caracas',
'America/Catamarca',
'America/Cayenne',
'America/Cayman',
'America/Chicago',
'America/Chihuahua',
'America/Coral_Harbour',
'America/Cordoba',
'America/Costa_Rica',
'America/Cuiaba',
'America/Curacao',
'America/Danmarkshavn',
'America/Dawson',
'America/Dawson_Creek',
'America/Denver',
'America/Detroit',
'America/Dominica',
'America/Edmonton',
'America/Eirunepe',
'America/El_Salvador',
'America/Ensenada',
'America/Fort_Wayne',
'America/Fortaleza',
'America/Glace_Bay',
'America/Godthab',
'America/Goose_Bay',
'America/Grand_Turk',
'America/Grenada',
'America/Guadeloupe',
'America/Guatemala',
'America/Guayaquil',
'America/Guyana',
'America/Halifax',
'America/Havana',
'America/Hermosillo',
'America/Indiana/Indianapolis',
'America/Indiana/Knox',
'America/Indiana/Marengo',
'America/Indiana/Petersburg',
'America/Indiana/Vevay',
'America/Indiana/Vincennes',
'America/Indianapolis',
'America/Inuvik',
'America/Iqaluit',
'America/Jamaica',
'America/Jujuy',
'America/Juneau',
'America/Kentucky/Louisville',
'America/Kentucky/Monticello',
'America/Knox_IN',
'America/La_Paz',
'America/Lima',
'America/Los_Angeles',
'America/Louisville',
'America/Maceio',
'America/Managua',
'America/Manaus',
'America/Martinique',
'America/Mazatlan',
'America/Mendoza',
'America/Menominee',
'America/Merida',
'America/Mexico_City',
'America/Miquelon',
'America/Moncton',
'America/Monterrey',
'America/Montevideo',
'America/Montreal',
'America/Montserrat',
'America/Nassau',
'America/New_York',
'America/Nipigon',
'America/Nome',
'America/Noronha',
'America/North_Dakota/Center',
'America/North_Dakota/New_Salem',
'America/Panama',
'America/Pangnirtung',
'America/Paramaribo',
'America/Phoenix',
'America/Port-au-Prince',
'America/Port_of_Spain',
'America/Porto_Acre',
'America/Porto_Velho',
'America/Puerto_Rico',
'America/Rainy_River',
'America/Rankin_Inlet',
'America/Recife',
'America/Regina',
'America/Rio_Branco',
'America/Rosario',
'America/Santiago',
'America/Santo_Domingo',
'America/Sao_Paulo',
'America/Scoresbysund',
'America/Shiprock',
'America/St_Johns',
'America/St_Kitts',
'America/St_Lucia',
'America/St_Thomas',
'America/St_Vincent',
'America/Swift_Current',
'America/Tegucigalpa',
'America/Thule',
'America/Thunder_Bay',
'America/Tijuana',
'America/Toronto',
'America/Tortola',
'America/Vancouver',
'America/Virgin',
'America/Whitehorse',
'America/Winnipeg',
'America/Yakutat',
'America/Yellowknife',
'Antarctica/Casey',
'Antarctica/Davis',
'Antarctica/DumontDUrville',
'Antarctica/Mawson',
'Antarctica/McMurdo',
'Antarctica/Palmer',
'Antarctica/Rothera',
'Antarctica/South_Pole',
'Antarctica/Syowa',
'Antarctica/Vostok',
'Arctic/Longyearbyen',
'Asia/Aden',
'Asia/Almaty',
'Asia/Amman',
'Asia/Anadyr',
'Asia/Aqtau',
'Asia/Aqtobe',
'Asia/Ashgabat',
'Asia/Ashkhabad',
'Asia/Baghdad',
'Asia/Bahrain',
'Asia/Baku',
'Asia/Bangkok',
'Asia/Beirut',
'Asia/Bishkek',
'Asia/Brunei',