Task description
You have to climb up a ladder. The ladder has exactly N rungs, numbered from 1 to N. With each step, you can ascend by one or two rungs. More precisely:
- with your first step you can stand on rung 1 or 2,
- if you are on rung K, you can move to rungs K + 1 or K + 2,
- finally you have to stand on rung N.
Your task is to count the number of different ways of climbing to the top of the ladder.
For example, given N = 4, you have five different ways of climbing, ascending by:
1, 1, 1 and 1 rung,
1, 1 and 2 rungs,
1, 2 and 1 rung,
2, 1 and 1 rungs, and
2 and 2 rungs.
Given N = 5, you have eight different ways of climbing, ascending by:
1, 1, 1, 1 and 1 rung,
1, 1, 1 and 2 rungs,
1, 1, 2 and 1 rung,
1, 2, 1 and 1 rung,
1, 2 and 2 rungs,
2, 1, 1 and 1 rungs,
2, 1 and 2 rungs, and
2, 2 and 1 rung.
The number of different ways can be very large, so it is sufficient to return the result modulo 2P, for a given integer P.
Write a function:
function solution(A, B);
that, given two non-empty zero-indexed arrays A and B of L integers, returns an array consisting of L integers specifying the consecutive answers; position I should contain the number of different ways of climbing the ladder with A[I] rungs modulo 2B[I].
For example, given L = 5 and:
A[0] = 4 B[0] = 3
A[1] = 4 B[1] = 2
A[2] = 5 B[2] = 4
A[3] = 5 B[3] = 3
A[4] = 1 B[4] = 1
the function should return the sequence [5, 1, 8, 0, 1], as explained above.
Assume that:
- L is an integer within the range [1..30,000];
- each element of array A is an integer within the range [1..L];
- each element of array B is an integer within the range [1..30].
Complexity:
- expected worst-case time complexity is O(L);
- expected worst-case space complexity is O(L), beyond input storage (not counting the storage required for input arguments).
Elements of input arrays can be modified.
function solution(A, B) {
var f = new Array(A.length+1);
f[0] = 1;
f[1] = 1;
var MAX = 1<<30;
for (var i = 2; i < f.length; ++i) {
f[i] = f[i-1] + f[i-2];
f[i] = f[i] % MAX;
}
var res = new Array(A.length);
for (var i = 0; i < A.length; ++i) {
res[i] = f[A[i]] % (1 << B[i]);
}
return res;
}