Feature/Support pennylane's Hamiltonian and Circuit

[ahao27]

Description

Add a new transpiler to support Pennylane's Hamiltonian format in Qamomile.
This PR introduces a transpiler specifically designed to convert Qamomile's Hamiltonians into Pennylane's Hamiltonians, enhancing the interoperability between the two quantum frameworks.

Changes

1. Added Core Transpiler Implementation:

Implements the PennylaneTranspiler class, which handles the conversion of Qamomile's Hamiltonians into Pennylane's qml.Hamiltonian objects.

• transpiler.py:
  Supports Pauli-X, Pauli-Y, and Pauli-Z operators, with appropriate error handling for unsupported cases.

• exception.py:
  Introduces custom exceptions for handling unsupported operations during the transpilation process.

• init.py:
  Allows for module initialization and ensures proper package integration.

2. Unit Tests:

Created test_pennylane_transpiler.py to validate the correctness of the transpiler.
Test cases cover:

• Basic Hamiltonians with single terms (e.g., X @ Z).
• Complex Hamiltonians with multiple terms (e.g., X @ Y + Z @ X).

3. Docstring:

Inline docstrings were added to describe the purpose and functionality of each method and class.

[Jacomichi]

Please also fix pyproject.toml because the tests fail

Qamomile/pyproject.toml

Lines 45 to 47 in b1efe3c

	qiskit = ["qiskit"]
	quri-parts = ["quri-parts-qulacs"]
	qutip = ["qutip"]

[ahao27]

Changes

1. In Qamomile/pyproject.toml, the pennylane = ["pennylane"] is added.
2. In Qamomile/pyproject.toml, the pennylane = "^0.39.0" is added.

[Jacomichi]

I have left the comments.

[Jacomichi]

small letter is better

[ahao27]

FIxed

[Jacomichi]

small letter is better

[ahao27]

Fixed

[ahao27]

Here is a simple usage of the Parameter gate transfer from QamomileCircuit to pennylane Qnode.

from qamomile.core.circuit import QuantumCircuit as QamomileCircuit
import pennylane as qml
import numpy as np
import qamomile
from qamomile.pennylane.transpiler import PennylaneTranspiler
from qamomile.core.circuit import Parameter

qc = QamomileCircuit(3)
theta = Parameter("theta")
beta = Parameter("beta")
gamma = Parameter("gamma")

qc.rx(theta, 0)
qc.ry(beta, 1)
qc.rz(gamma, 2)
qc.crx(gamma, 0 ,1)
qc.crz(theta, 1 ,2)
qc.cry(beta, 2 ,0)

transpiler = PennylaneTranspiler()
QNode = transpiler.transpile_circuit(qc)
print("QN: ", QNode)
p= {"theta":0.1,"beta":0.2, "gamma": 0.3}
qml.drawer.use_style("black_white")
fig, ax = qml.draw_mpl(QNode)(theta=0.1,beta=0.2, gamma=0.3)

New feture updated

[yuyamashiro]

Fixed _extract_variable so that it can evaluate any expression that can be constructed by traversing ParameterExpression.

@ahao27
The original implementation could only evaluate linear cases, but was that intended? Please check that your current implementation matches the original intent.

Qamomile/qamomile/pennylane/transpiler.py

Lines 233 to 250 in aa614bf

	def _extract_angle(
	self,
	gate: qamomile.core.circuit.ParametricSingleQubitGate | qamomile.core.circuit.ParametricTwoQubitGate,
	params
	):
	"""
	Extract the angle parameter for parameterized gates from the params dictionary.
	Args:
	gate: A parameterized gate (single or two-qubit).
	params: A dictionary mapping parameter names to their numeric values.
	Returns:
	float: The numeric angle/value for the gate.
	"""
	return qamomile.core.circuit.parameter.substitute_param_expr(
	gate.parameter, params
	)

[yuyamashiro]

I have modified _create_param_mapping. Since gate.parameters returns list[Parameter], I simplified the implementation.

Qamomile/qamomile/pennylane/transpiler.py

Lines 137 to 150 in 03627f1

	def _create_param_mapping(
	self, qamomile_circuit: qamomile.core.circuit.QuantumCircuit
	) -> Dict[str, qamomile.core.circuit.Parameter]:
	"""
	Create a parameter mapping dictionary from parameter names to Qamomile parameters.
	Args:
	qamomile_circuit (qamomile.core.circuit.QuantumCircuit): The circuit containing parameters.
	Returns:
	Dict[str, qamomile.core.circuit.Parameter]: A mapping from parameter names to parameters.
	"""
	parameters = qamomile_circuit.get_parameters()
	param_mapping = {param.name: param for param in parameters}

[Jacomichi]

Please implement convert_result

[Jacomichi]

Qpennylane is typo

[Jacomichi]

Thanks. I have left the comments

[Jacomichi]

Can you write the docstring?
And also, can you fix the type?

[Jacomichi]

I think popitem modifies the result, so we should not use it.

[Jacomichi]

Thanks!

[yuyamashiro]

👍