Refactor standalone simulation

[multun]

Preparatory work for #4627 and #4628

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #4629 (ad8981a) into dev (1a5ed2f) will increase coverage by 0.01%.
The diff coverage is 82.69%.

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##                dev    #4629      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     19.91%   19.92%   +0.01%     
- Complexity     2316     2318       +2     
============================================
  Files           865      865              
  Lines         88160    88161       +1     
  Branches       2277     2273       -4     
============================================
+ Hits          17558    17568      +10     
+ Misses        69346    69338       -8     
+ Partials       1256     1255       -1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
core	80.21% <82.69%> (+0.09%)	⬆️

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Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...c/main/kotlin/fr/sncf/osrd/utils/units/Distance.kt	60.00% <0.00%> (ø)
...va/fr/sncf/osrd/standalone_sim/SignalProjection.kt	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
...tlin/fr/sncf/osrd/sim_infra/utils/BlockRecovery.kt	82.05% <82.05%> (ø)
...f/osrd/standalone_sim/ScheduleMetadataExtractor.kt	95.85% <95.65%> (+0.59%)	⬆️