Move provider and other types to separate packages

[KristianBalaj]

Closes #1660

Multiple dependent PRs:

• Add provider package mlabs-haskell/purescript-cardano-package-set#2
• Extract more types to satisfy Provider extraction mlabs-haskell/purescript-cardano-types#19
• Introduce Provider mlabs-haskell/purescript-cardano-provider#1

TODO:

• Change the referenced revisions of cardano-types to be in the mlabs-haskell GH org

Pre-review checklist

• All code has been formatted using our config (make format)
• Any new API features or modification of existing behavior are covered with tests
• The template (templates/ctl-scaffold) has been updated
• The changelog has been updated under the ## Unreleased header, using the appropriate sub-headings (### Added, ### Changed, ### Removed, ### Fixed), and the links to the appropriate issues/PRs have been included

[errfrom]

LGTM!