Test on ARM macOS runners

[garrison]

This is due to python 3.8 no longer being available on the macos-latest CI runner.

This also allows us to now perform CI on ARM chips on macOS.

This also restores the ubuntu minimum version to 3.8 so that we test on 3.8 somewhere. #515 (comment)

We might see intermittent CI failures again until #556 is merged (expected to be very soon).

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 8825682963

Warning: This coverage report may be inaccurate.

This pull request's base commit is no longer the HEAD commit of its target branch. This means it includes changes from outside the original pull request, including, potentially, unrelated coverage changes.

• For more information on this, see Tracking coverage changes with pull request builds.
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• For a quick fix, rebase this PR at GitHub. Your next report should be accurate.

Details

• 0 of 0 changed or added relevant lines in 0 files are covered.
• No unchanged relevant lines lost coverage.
• Overall coverage increased (+0.05%) to 95.484%

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Totals
Change from base Build 8819948894:	0.05%
Covered Lines:	3489
Relevant Lines:	3654

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💛 - Coveralls

[garrison]

I merged #561, which is an alternative to this.

If we want to take this route, we will have to disable the cutqc tests when cplex is not available. This should be fine, since cutqc is deprecated now anyway.

I will fix up this PR to do that when I get a chance, so that we can go back to using the macos-latest runner.

[garrison]

This is related to Qiskit/qiskit#12102. We might want to wait on that before merging. But otherwise this is all done.

[garrison]

Qiskit/qiskit#12102 is now merged. If testing on ARM causes us any intermittent problems before Qiskit 1.1 is released (I don't expect it to), then I can make a follow-up PR so that ARM testing uses qiskit main or stable/1.1 until qiskit 1.1 is released.

[garrison]

Merging this since Qiskit 1.1 will be released tomorrow.