Add function to return the bridges of the graph

[inmzhang]

Closes #1039

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 7590295417

• 0 of 0 changed or added relevant lines in 0 files are covered.
• No unchanged relevant lines lost coverage.
• Overall coverage increased (+0.06%) to 95.99%

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Totals
Change from base Build 7589703011:	0.06%
Covered Lines:	16108
Relevant Lines:	16781

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💛 - Coveralls

[IvanIsCoding]

Thanks! So overall it looks great, my only concern is that articulation_point is a public function in rustworkx-core, so changing the signature is a breaking change.

I'd rather not break our existing rustworkx-core users, so I am suggesting keeping the old signature while calling an internal function that does the work to find the bridges

[IvanIsCoding]

Just add the function to the documentation in https://github.com/Qiskit/rustworkx/blob/main/docs/source/api/algorithm_functions/connectivity_and_cycles.rst and we will be good to go