sparqlstore: Optionally support blank nodes as <bnode:> URIs

[ssssam]

The 4Store triple store understands bnode: URIs as pointing to blank
nodes, which makes it possible to query and update them using its SPARQL
endpoint.

#511

[uholzer]

Seems to be a nice feature. However, as it is non-standard, other SPARQL stores might have other solutions to this problem. I personally would prefere if one could pass the SPARQLStore a function as bNodeAsURI (or in this case, better bNodeToURI) which transforms a BNode into a URIRef. Then we could predefine a SPARQLStore.BNODE_TO_BNODE_URI = lambda bn: UIRef('<bnode:%s>' % bn).

If we implement this features, shouldn't we also convert <bnode:...>-URIs received from the server to BNode instances if bNodeAsURI is set? And then, there is also skolemization, which may be supported by some SPARQL endpoints.

Any ideas on how to find a flexible solution that can be adapted to a specific enpoint?

And finally, we should not forget about the SPARQLUpdateStore, which might need to be adapted too.

[joernhees]

yupp, i had pretty similar thoughts on this one: maybe the right thing to do is ease the customizability of sparqlstore. This could for example be done by passing a to_sparql method into the SPARQLStore constructor. All the checking for BNodes and raising exceptions by default should be done in our default method, which you can substitute by your own to_sparql method if you want to use non standard features such as the 4store one.

I'm not really sure how common the <bnode:...> extension is, but i somehow fear that other stores use other ways. So until it becomes clear that this is at least a common thing of several endpoints, i'd somehow be against including it as a default.

[ssssam]

Thanks for the comments!

Virtuoso seems to allow <NodeID://b0005> for blank nodes, and Jena's ARQ query engine allows <_:0005> to refer to blank nodes by ID. So there are at least two alternative syntaxes to support !

So I think turning bNodeAsURI into a function is a great idea, so the SPARQLStore class can work with these various different SPARQL engines.

In terms of results, they are returned in XML form, and blank nodes appear as ns:bnode elements. The CastToTerm function already handles those and converts them to rdflib.BNode() instances.

The patch I submitted should make SPARQLUpdateStore work the same as SPARQLStore; I haven't actually tested that it does, though.

I'm happy to rework this to take a function instead of a boolean, I wonder if you can advise me on how the API should look, though? I thought about renaming 'bNodeAsURI' to 'bnode_as_uri' already, but I thought that it would cause an API break for anyone who is currently calling plugins.sparqlstore.SPARQLStore(..., bNodeAsURI=False, ...). Renaming it bNodeToURI would cause the same thing. So maybe it's best to keep the name the same, and allow it to be either False, or a function that returns the blank node as a string ?

[iherman]

Worth noting that the BNode.skolemize() and URIRef.deskolemize() methods have been added to RDFLib, implementing the skolemization approach described in the RDF 1.1 spec. This is of course independent from any SPARQL mapping; not sure whether the SPARQL engines recognize these forms these days.

Ivan

On 23 Aug 2015, at 16:20 , Sam Thursfield [email protected] wrote:

Thanks for the comments!

Virtuoso seems to allow NodeID://b0005 for blank nodes, and Jena's ARQ query engine allows <_:0005> to refer to blank nodes by ID. So there are at least two alternative syntaxes to support !

So I think turning bNodeAsURI into a function is a great idea, so the SPARQLStore class can work with these various different SPARQL engines.

In terms of results, they are returned in XML form, and blank nodes appear as ns:bnode elements. The CastToTerm function already handles those and converts them to rdflib.BNode() instances.

The patch I submitted should make SPARQLUpdateStore work the same as SPARQLStore; I haven't actually tested that it does, though.

I'm happy to rework this to take a function instead of a boolean, I wonder if you can advise me on how the API should look, though? I thought about renaming 'bNodeAsURI' to 'bnode_as_uri' already, but I thought that it would cause an API break for anyone who is currently calling plugins.sparqlstore.SPARQLStore(..., bNodeAsURI=False, ...). Renaming it bNodeToURI would cause the same thing. So maybe it's best to keep the name the same, and allow it to be either False, or a function that returns the blank node as a string ?

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[uholzer]

Suggestion: We add two optional arguments node_to_sparql and node_from_result to SPARQLStore's constructor. Both take a function which takes a node and returns a node. All nodes are converted using these functions, not only BNodes. We then predefine two sets of functions: One that just handles skolemization using well-known IRIs, and one that uses <bnode:>-URIs. By default, we use a function that raises an exception when a blank node is encountered for node_to_sparql, and the identity for node_from_result.

The argument bNodeAsURI currently does not do anything. And it seems that it never did. It may be that SPARQLWrapper once interpreted this option, but the current version doesn't seem to. So, I would just document it as ignored and deprecated, while keeping it as optional agument to the constructor.

[ssssam]

Marking bNodeAsURI as deprecated and adding new parameters for the new functionality sounds sensible indeed.

I think node_to_sparql should return a string, rather than an rdflib.term.Node. It has to become a string to be embedded in a SPARQL query in any case.

I'm not quite sure the purpose of node_from_result -- how would it relate to the current CastToTerm function? Would override it, or extend it?

[uholzer]

String as return value of node_to_sparql: agreed.

node_from_result: Yes, this overrides CastToTerm, I would say. The danger is of course, that we probably expose too much internals, leading to backwards-incompatible changes later on.

[joernhees]

please have a look at #513