raspberrypi: Update usb_host for newer PIO resource usage

[jepler]

Besides correcting the resource calculation, this also enables use of swapped pins (DP-1=DM) and using RP2350's "PIO2" instance.

Closes: #9958
Closes: #9998

[jepler]

Tested on metro rp2350 with import go_kbd. It works in the normal & reversed pinout; and it works on any one PIO.
(note you have to microcontroller.reset() to check a different pinout or PIO placement)

this also depends on adafruit/Pico-PIO-USB#2

content of go_kbd.py

import digitalio
import board
import usb_host
import rp2pio
import array

# Force allocation on a given state machine
# Note that StateMachine() happens to allocate in the order 2, 1, 0
# (sdk pio_claim_free_sm_and_add_program_for_gpio_range counts DOWN from MAX_PIO)
def useless_program(i): return array.array('H', [i]) * 32
sm = [rp2pio.StateMachine(useless_program(i), frequency=8000)
    for i in range(3)]
sm[0].deinit()

d = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.USB_HOST_5V_POWER)
d.switch_to_output(True)

# Enable one line or the other, to test swapped lines
#port = usb_host.Port(board.USB_HOST_DATA_PLUS, board.USB_HOST_DATA_MINUS)
port = usb_host.Port(board.USB_HOST_DATA_MINUS, board.USB_HOST_DATA_PLUS)

for i in sm: i.deinit()

[jepler]

also note that since #10005 the USB Host on Metro RP2350 is set up once at boot time and so different configurations are harder to test. You might need to test using a different board without predefined USB host pins.

[dhalbert]

@jepler is this still a draft?

[jepler]

belatedly marked as ready for review

[dhalbert]

I tested the build artifacts on a Feather RP2040 Prop-Maker, playing I2S Audio, and a Feather RP240 DVI, doing DVI output. In both cases the PIO functionality worked fine. I did not test USB Host since you did that already, though not on an RP2040.

Thanks!