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+      How to call Program.Main method if you&#39;re using top-level statements
+    </h1>
+    <p class="post-meta"><time
+        class="dt-published"
+        datetime="2023-08-10T00:00:00+00:00"
+        itemprop="datePublished"
+      >
+        Aug 10, 2023
+      </time></p>
+
+    <a class="post" href="/tag/csharp">#csharp</a>
+
+  </header>
+
+  <div class="post-content e-content" itemprop="articleBody"><p>Lately, I’ve been writing a lot of services that use <a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/whats-new/tutorials/top-level-statements">top-level statements</a>. The code with this kind of syntax sugar simplifies the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Main</code> method and improves readability. However, on the other hand, it makes it more difficult to create integration tests for the services. There isn’t simply way to call the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Main</code> method and pass the necessary arguments.</p>
+
+<p>Since Microsoft introduced top-level statements in C# 9, you no longer need to write a weird Java-like <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">public static void Main(string[] args)</code> method. So the code</p>
+
+<div class="language-cs highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">using</span> <span class="nn">System</span><span class="p">;</span>
+
+<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nn">Application</span>
+<span class="p">{</span>
+    <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Program</span>
+    <span class="p">{</span>
+        <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">static</span> <span class="k">void</span> <span class="nf">Main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)</span>
+        <span class="p">{</span>
+            <span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">$"args: </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">","</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)}</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
+        <span class="p">}</span>
+    <span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="p">}</span>
+</code></pre></div></div>
+
+<p>can be written just in one line:</p>
+
+<div class="language-cs highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">$"args: </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">","</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)}</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
+</code></pre></div></div>
+
+<p>But what if we want to call this code and pass some arguments? By default, the C# compiler will convert the code above to the <a href="https://sharplab.io/#v2:D4AQTAjAsAULIQJwAoAkAiAhgJwOYGcAuAAgG8EAGAOgCkB7ASwDtl0Aad4nAgSgF90PANywgA==">following code</a>:</p>
+
+<div class="language-cs highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">internal</span> <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Program</span>
+<span class="p">{</span>
+    <span class="k">private</span> <span class="k">static</span> <span class="k">void</span> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="n">Main</span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="err">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)</span>
+    <span class="p">{</span>
+        <span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Concat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"args: "</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">","</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)));</span>
+    <span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="p">}</span>
+</code></pre></div></div>
+
+<p>The class is internal, and the method is private. You cannot call the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">&lt;Main&gt;</code> method directly, especially from another assembly. How can you overcome this?</p>
+
+<p>First of all, you should declare the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Program</code> class as <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">public partial</code>. This makes the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Program</code> class visible in external code. If you can’t change the code, you can load the type from the assembly using <a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.reflection.assembly.gettype">Assembly.GetType</a>.</p>
+
+<div class="language-cs highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">$"args: </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">","</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)}</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
+
+<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">partial</span> <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Program</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="p">}</span>
+</code></pre></div></div>
+
+<p>Now that the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Program</code> class has <a href="https://sharplab.io/#v2:D4AQTAjAsAULIQJwAoAkAiAhgJwOYGcAuAAgG8EAGAOgCkB7ASwDtl0Aad4nAgSgF90PANyx4AZmIAHHABcGmADbFwyiAHYyxPrCA===">become visible</a> from other assemblies, the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">&lt;Main&gt;</code> method is still private. Using reflection, we can retrieve the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">&lt;Main&gt;</code> method from the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">DeclaredMethods</code> collection and call it using <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Invoke</code>:</p>
+
+<div class="language-cs highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">typeInfo</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="k">typeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Program</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">TypeInfo</span> <span class="p">??</span> <span class="k">throw</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nf">InvalidOperationException</span><span class="p">();</span>
+<span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">main</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">typeInfo</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">DeclaredMethods</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">First</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Name</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="s">"&lt;Main&gt;"</span><span class="p">);</span>
+<span class="kt">var</span> <span class="n">args</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="k">new</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s">"arg1"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"arg2"</span> <span class="p">};</span>
+<span class="n">main</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Invoke</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="kt">object</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">args</span> <span class="p">});</span>
+</code></pre></div></div>
+
+<p>That’s it. Reflection provides a powerful mechanism which helps us with writing tests for programs that use top-level statements.</p>
+</div><a class="u-url" href="/2023/08/10/top-level-statements.html" hidden></a>
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