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crates/uv-cli/src/lib.rs

@@ -1079,15 +1079,23 @@ pub struct PipCompileArgs {
 
     /// The Python interpreter to use during resolution.
     ///
-    /// A Python interpreter is required for building source distributions to
-    /// determine package metadata when there are not wheels.
+    /// A Python interpreter is required for building source distributions to determine package
+    /// metadata when there are not wheels.
+    ///
+    /// The interpreter is also used to determine the default minimum Python version, unless
+    /// `--python-version` is provided.
     ///
-    /// The interpreter is also used to determine the default minimum Python
-    /// version, unless `--python-version` is provided.
+    /// This option respects `UV_PYTHON`, but when set via environment variable, it is overridden
+    /// by `--python-version`.
     ///
-    /// See `uv help python` for details on Python discovery and supported
-    /// request formats.
-    #[arg(long, verbatim_doc_comment, help_heading = "Python options", value_parser = parse_maybe_string)]
+    /// See `uv help python` for details on Python discovery and supported request formats.
+    #[arg(
+        long,
+        short,
+        verbatim_doc_comment,
+        help_heading = "Python options",
+        value_parser = parse_maybe_string
+    )]
     pub python: Option<Maybe<String>>,
 
     /// Install packages into the system Python environment.
@@ -1173,24 +1181,6 @@ pub struct PipCompileArgs {
     #[arg(long, help_heading = "Python options")]
     pub python_version: Option<PythonVersion>,
 
-    /// The Python interpreter or version to use for resolution.
-    ///
-    /// In previous versions of uv, `-p` was an alias for `--python-version` in `uv pip compile` but
-    /// an alias for `--python` in all other commands. This option is provided as a backwards
-    /// compatible shim, allowing `-p` to behave as `--python` without introducing a breaking
-    /// change.
-    ///
-    /// `UV_PYTHON` is respected, but overridden by `--python-version` or `--python`.
-    #[arg(
-        short,
-        hide = true,
-        conflicts_with_all = ["python",
-        "python_version"],
-        value_name = "PYTHON",
-        help_heading = "Python options"
-    )]
-    pub python_legacy: Option<String>,
-
     /// The platform for which requirements should be resolved.
     ///
     /// Represented as a "target triple", a string that describes the target platform in terms of

crates/uv/src/commands/pip/compile.rs

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ use uv_resolver::{
     InMemoryIndex, OptionsBuilder, PrereleaseMode, PythonRequirement, RequiresPython,
     ResolutionMode, ResolverEnvironment,
 };
-use uv_static::EnvVars;
 use uv_types::{BuildIsolation, EmptyInstalledPackages, HashStrategy};
 use uv_warnings::warn_user;
 
@@ -96,7 +95,6 @@ pub(crate) async fn pip_compile(
     annotation_style: AnnotationStyle,
     link_mode: LinkMode,
     mut python: Option<String>,
-    mut python_legacy: Option<String>,
     system: bool,
     python_preference: PythonPreference,
     concurrency: Concurrency,
@@ -106,26 +104,26 @@ pub(crate) async fn pip_compile(
     printer: Printer,
     preview: PreviewMode,
 ) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
-    // Respect `UV_PYTHON` with legacy behavior
-    if python_legacy.is_none() && python_version.is_none() && python.is_none() {
-        if let Ok(python) = std::env::var(EnvVars::UV_PYTHON) {
-            if !python.is_empty() {
-                python_legacy = Some(python);
+    // Respect `UV_PYTHON`
+    if python.is_none() && python_version.is_none() {
+        if let Ok(request) = std::env::var("UV_PYTHON") {
+            if !request.is_empty() {
+                python = Some(request);
             }
         }
     }
 
-    // Resolve `-p` into `--python-version` or `--python`
-    if let Some(python_legacy) = python_legacy {
-        // `-p` is mutually exclusive with these options at the CLI level so it's safe to replace
-        // them
-        debug_assert!(python_version.is_none());
-        debug_assert!(python.is_none());
-
-        if let Ok(version) = PythonVersion::from_str(&python_legacy) {
-            python_version = Some(version);
-        } else {
-            python = Some(python_legacy);
+    // If `--python` / `-p` is a simple Python version request, we treat it as `--python-version`
+    // for backwards compatibility. `-p` was previously aliased to `--python-version` but changed to
+    // `--python` for consistency with the rest of the CLI in v0.6.0. Since we assume metadata is
+    // consistent across wheels, it's okay for us to build wheels (to determine metadata) with an
+    // alternative Python interpreter as long as we solve with the proper Python version tags.
+    if python_version.is_none() {
+        if let Some(request) = python.as_ref() {
+            if let Ok(version) = PythonVersion::from_str(request) {
+                python_version = Some(version);
+                python = None;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -242,6 +240,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn pip_compile(
                 && python_version.minor() == interpreter.python_minor()
         };
         if no_build.is_none()
+            && python.is_none()
             && python_version.version() != interpreter.python_version()
             && (python_version.patch().is_some() || !matches_without_patch)
         {

crates/uv/src/lib.rs

@@ -428,7 +428,6 @@ async fn run(mut cli: Cli) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
                 args.settings.annotation_style,
                 args.settings.link_mode,
                 args.settings.python,
-                args.python_legacy,
                 args.settings.system,
                 globals.python_preference,
                 globals.concurrency,

crates/uv/src/settings.rs

@@ -1542,7 +1542,6 @@ pub(crate) struct PipCompileSettings {
     pub(crate) overrides_from_workspace: Vec<Requirement>,
     pub(crate) environments: SupportedEnvironments,
     pub(crate) refresh: Refresh,
-    pub(crate) python_legacy: Option<String>,
     pub(crate) settings: PipSettings,
 }
 
@@ -1582,7 +1581,6 @@ impl PipCompileSettings {
             no_binary,
             only_binary,
             python_version,
-            python_legacy,
             python_platform,
             universal,
             no_universal,
@@ -1652,7 +1650,6 @@ impl PipCompileSettings {
             overrides_from_workspace,
             environments,
             refresh: Refresh::from(refresh),
-            python_legacy,
             settings: PipSettings::combine(
                 PipOptions {
                     python: python.and_then(Maybe::into_option),