🚚 Move from Cirrus CI back to GitHub Actions

[burgholzer]

Description

Since recently, GitHub finally provides native Apple Silicon runners. This allows us to solely rely on GitHub Actions for running all CI/CD for our projects and to not rely on Cirrus CI for parts of the jobs.
This also means that trusted publishing is now used for all PyPI uploads 🎉
Additionally, after this change, there is only one script uploading all the wheels which creates a single point of failure.
This avoids situations where, e.g., the Cirrus CI build would succeed and upload the wheels, but the GitHub job failed; creating a broken release.

For the time being, we will just run macOS-13 (Intel) and macOS-14 (Apple Silicon) in parallel to test support for both systems.
Sometime in the future, Intel support will most likely be removed.

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are related to it.
• I have added appropriate tests and documentation.
• I have made sure that all CI jobs on GitHub pass.
• The pull request introduces no new warnings and follows the project's style guidelines.

[burgholzer]

I manually triggered the CD job on this branch. The respective results can be found here: https://github.com/cda-tum/mqt-core/actions/runs/7898695928

[burgholzer]

This is currently blocked on actions/setup-python#808, since Python 3.8 is not available via setup-python at the moment.

[burgholzer]

Just worked around the non-existing Python versions for now by excluding them from the tests. This way, the progress on this is not stalled.