add BaseModel; store type in serialization

deepmd/dpmodel/atomic_model/dp_atomic_model.py

@@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ def forward_atomic(
 
     def serialize(self) -> dict:
         return {
+            "@class": "Model",
+            "type": "standard",
             "type_map": self.type_map,
             "descriptor": self.descriptor.serialize(),
             "fitting": self.fitting.serialize(),
@@ -138,6 +140,8 @@ def serialize(self) -> dict:
     @classmethod
     def deserialize(cls, data) -> "DPAtomicModel":
         data = copy.deepcopy(data)
+        data.pop("@class")
+        data.pop("type")
         descriptor_obj = BaseDescriptor.deserialize(data["descriptor"])
         fitting_obj = BaseFitting.deserialize(data["fitting"])
         obj = cls(descriptor_obj, fitting_obj, type_map=data["type_map"])

deepmd/dpmodel/atomic_model/linear_atomic_model.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later
+import copy
 import sys
 from abc import (
     abstractmethod,
@@ -182,12 +183,17 @@ def fitting_output_def(self) -> FittingOutputDef:
     @staticmethod
     def serialize(models) -> dict:
         return {
+            "@class": "Model",
+            "type": "linear",
             "models": [model.serialize() for model in models],
             "model_name": [model.__class__.__name__ for model in models],
         }
 
     @staticmethod
     def deserialize(data) -> List[BaseAtomicModel]:
+        data = copy.deepcopy(data)
+        data.pop("@class")
+        data.pop("type")
         model_names = data["model_name"]
         models = [
             getattr(sys.modules[__name__], name).deserialize(model)
@@ -263,6 +269,8 @@ def __init__(
 
     def serialize(self) -> dict:
         return {
+            "@class": "Model",
+            "type": "zbl",
             "models": LinearAtomicModel.serialize([self.dp_model, self.zbl_model]),
             "sw_rmin": self.sw_rmin,
             "sw_rmax": self.sw_rmax,
@@ -271,6 +279,9 @@ def serialize(self) -> dict:
 
     @classmethod
     def deserialize(cls, data) -> "DPZBLLinearAtomicModel":
+        data = copy.deepcopy(data)
+        data.pop("@class")
+        data.pop("type")
         sw_rmin = data["sw_rmin"]
         sw_rmax = data["sw_rmax"]
         smin_alpha = data["smin_alpha"]

deepmd/dpmodel/atomic_model/pairtab_atomic_model.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later
+import copy
 from typing import (
     Dict,
     List,
@@ -105,10 +106,19 @@ def mixed_types(self) -> bool:
         return True
 
     def serialize(self) -> dict:
-        return {"tab": self.tab.serialize(), "rcut": self.rcut, "sel": self.sel}
+        return {
+            "@class": "Model",
+            "type": "pairtab",
+            "tab": self.tab.serialize(),
+            "rcut": self.rcut,
+            "sel": self.sel,
+        }
 
     @classmethod
     def deserialize(cls, data) -> "PairTabAtomicModel":
+        data = copy.deepcopy(data)
+        data.pop("@class")
+        data.pop("type")
         rcut = data["rcut"]
         sel = data["sel"]
         tab = PairTab.deserialize(data["tab"])

deepmd/dpmodel/infer/deep_eval.py

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 
-from deepmd.dpmodel.model.dp_model import (
-    DPModel,
+from deepmd.dpmodel.model.base_model import (
+    BaseModel,
 )
 from deepmd.dpmodel.output_def import (
     ModelOutputDef,
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def __init__(
         self.model_path = model_file
 
         model_data = load_dp_model(model_file)
-        self.dp = DPModel.deserialize(model_data["model"])
+        self.dp = BaseModel.deserialize(model_data["model"])
         self.rcut = self.dp.get_rcut()
         self.type_map = self.dp.get_type_map()
         if isinstance(auto_batch_size, bool):

deepmd/dpmodel/model/base_model.py

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later
+from abc import (
+    ABC,
+    abstractmethod,
+)
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    List,
+    Type,
+)
+
+from deepmd.common import (
+    j_get_type,
+)
+from deepmd.utils.plugin import (
+    Plugin,
+)
+
+
+class BaseBaseModel(ABC):
+    """Base class for final exported model that will be directly used for inference.
+
+    The class defines some abstractmethods that will be directly called by the
+    inference interface. If the final model class inherbits some of those methods
+    from other classes, `BaseModel` should be inherited as the last class to ensure
+    the correct method resolution order.
+
+    This class is backend-indepedent.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    deepmd.dpmodel.model.base_model.BaseModel
+        BaseModel class for DPModel backend.
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwds: Any) -> Any:
+        """Inference method.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        *args : Any
+            The input data for inference.
+        **kwds : Any
+            The input data for inference.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Any
+            The output of the inference.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_type_map(self) -> List[str]:
+        """Get the type map."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_rcut(self):
+        """Get the cut-off radius."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_dim_fparam(self):
+        """Get the number (dimension) of frame parameters of this atomic model."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_dim_aparam(self):
+        """Get the number (dimension) of atomic parameters of this atomic model."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_sel_type(self) -> List[int]:
+        """Get the selected atom types of this model.
+
+        Only atoms with selected atom types have atomic contribution
+        to the result of the model.
+        If returning an empty list, all atom types are selected.
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_aparam_nall(self) -> bool:
+        """Check whether the shape of atomic parameters is (nframes, nall, ndim).
+
+        If False, the shape is (nframes, nloc, ndim).
+        """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def model_output_type(self) -> str:
+        """Get the output type for the model."""
+
+
+class BaseModel(BaseBaseModel):
+    """Base class for final exported model that will be directly used for inference.
+
+    The class defines some abstractmethods that will be directly called by the
+    inference interface. If the final model class inherbits some of those methods
+    from other classes, `BaseModel` should be inherited as the last class to ensure
+    the correct method resolution order.
+
+    This class is for the DPModel backend.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    deepmd.dpmodel.model.base_model.BaseBaseModel
+        Backend-independent BaseModel class.
+    """
+
+    __plugins = Plugin()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register(key: str) -> Callable[[object], object]:
+        """Register a descriptor plugin.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        key : str
+            the key of a descriptor
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        callable[[object], object]
+            the registered descriptor
+
+        Examples
+        --------
+        >>> @Fitting.register("some_fitting")
+            class SomeFitting(Fitting):
+                pass
+        """
+        return BaseModel.__plugins.register(key)
+
+    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+        if cls is BaseModel:
+            cls = cls.get_class_by_type(j_get_type(kwargs, cls.__name__))
+        return super().__new__(cls)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_class_by_type(cls, model_type: str) -> Type["BaseModel"]:
+        if model_type in BaseModel.__plugins.plugins:
+            return BaseModel.__plugins.plugins[model_type]
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError("Unknown model type: " + model_type)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def deserialize(cls, data: dict) -> "BaseModel":
+        """Deserialize the model.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        data : dict
+            The serialized data
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        BaseModel
+            The deserialized model
+        """
+        if cls is BaseModel:
+            return BaseModel.get_class_by_type(data["type"]).deserialize(data)
+        raise NotImplementedError("Not implemented in class %s" % cls.__name__)

deepmd/dpmodel/model/dp_model.py

@@ -2,12 +2,16 @@
 from deepmd.dpmodel.atomic_model import (
     DPAtomicModel,
 )
+from deepmd.dpmodel.model.base_model import (
+    BaseModel,
+)
 
 from .make_model import (
     make_model,
 )
 
 
 # use "class" to resolve "Variable not allowed in type expression"
-class DPModel(make_model(DPAtomicModel)):
+@BaseModel.register("standard")
+class DPModel(make_model(DPAtomicModel), BaseModel):
     pass

deepmd/pt/model/atomic_model/dp_atomic_model.py

@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ def mixed_types(self) -> bool:
 
     def serialize(self) -> dict:
         return {
+            "@class": "Model",
+            "type": "standard",
             "type_map": self.type_map,
             "descriptor": self.descriptor.serialize(),
             "fitting": self.fitting_net.serialize(),

deepmd/pt/model/atomic_model/linear_atomic_model.py

@@ -207,6 +207,8 @@ def fitting_output_def(self) -> FittingOutputDef:
     @staticmethod
     def serialize(models) -> dict:
         return {
+            "@class": "Model",
+            "type": "linear",
             "models": [model.serialize() for model in models],
             "model_name": [model.__class__.__name__ for model in models],
         }
@@ -301,6 +303,8 @@ def __init__(
 
     def serialize(self) -> dict:
         return {
+            "@class": "Model",
+            "type": "zbl",
             "models": LinearAtomicModel.serialize([self.dp_model, self.zbl_model]),
             "sw_rmin": self.sw_rmin,
             "sw_rmax": self.sw_rmax,

deepmd/pt/model/atomic_model/pairtab_atomic_model.py

@@ -124,7 +124,13 @@ def mixed_types(self) -> bool:
         return True
 
     def serialize(self) -> dict:
-        return {"tab": self.tab.serialize(), "rcut": self.rcut, "sel": self.sel}
+        return {
+            "@class": "Model",
+            "type": "pairtab",
+            "tab": self.tab.serialize(),
+            "rcut": self.rcut,
+            "sel": self.sel,
+        }
 
     @classmethod
     def deserialize(cls, data) -> "PairTabAtomicModel":

deepmd/pt/model/model/dp_model.py

@@ -2,9 +2,45 @@
 from deepmd.pt.model.atomic_model import (
     DPAtomicModel,
 )
+from deepmd.pt.model.model.model import (
+    BaseModel,
+)
+from deepmd.pt.model.task.dipole import (
+    DipoleFittingNet,
+)
+from deepmd.pt.model.task.ener import (
+    EnergyFittingNet,
+)
+from deepmd.pt.model.task.polarizability import (
+    PolarFittingNet,
+)
 
 from .make_model import (
     make_model,
 )
 
-DPModel = make_model(DPAtomicModel)
+
+@BaseModel.register("standard")
+class DPModel(make_model(DPAtomicModel), BaseModel):
+    def __new__(cls, descriptor, fitting, *args, **kwargs):
+        from deepmd.pt.model.model.dipole_model import (
+            DipoleModel,
+        )
+        from deepmd.pt.model.model.ener_model import (
+            EnergyModel,
+        )
+        from deepmd.pt.model.model.polar_model import (
+            PolarModel,
+        )
+
+        # according to the fitting network to decide the type of the model
+        if cls is DPModel:
+            # map fitting to model
+            if isinstance(fitting, EnergyFittingNet):
+                cls = EnergyModel
+            elif isinstance(fitting, DipoleFittingNet):
+                cls = DipoleModel
+            elif isinstance(fitting, PolarFittingNet):
+                cls = PolarModel
+            # else: unknown fitting type, fall back to DPModel
+        return super().__new__(cls)

deepmd/pt/model/model/dp_zbl_model.py

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
 from deepmd.pt.model.atomic_model import (
     DPZBLLinearAtomicModel,
 )
+from deepmd.pt.model.model.model import (
+    BaseModel,
+)
 
 from .make_model import (
     make_model,
@@ -17,7 +20,8 @@
 DPZBLModel_ = make_model(DPZBLLinearAtomicModel)
 
 
-class DPZBLModel(DPZBLModel_):
+@BaseModel.register("zbl")
+class DPZBLModel(DPZBLModel_, BaseModel):
     model_type = "ener"
 
     def __init__(