Rebase to v2.49.0-rc0

.editorconfig

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ insert_final_newline = true
 
 # The settings for C (*.c and *.h) files are mirrored in .clang-format.  Keep
 # them in sync.
-[{*.{c,h,sh,perl,pl,pm,txt},config.mak.*,Makefile}]
+[{*.{c,h,sh,perl,pl,pm,txt,adoc},config.mak.*,Makefile}]
 indent_style = tab
 tab_width = 8
 

.gitattributes

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 *.bat text eol=crlf
 *.png binary
 CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md -whitespace
-/Documentation/**/*.txt text eol=lf
+/Documentation/**/*.adoc text eol=lf
 /command-list.txt text eol=lf
 /GIT-VERSION-GEN text eol=lf
 /mergetools/* text eol=lf

.github/workflows/coverity.yml

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
       - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
         if: contains(matrix.os, 'ubuntu') || contains(matrix.os, 'macos')
         env:
-          distro: ${{ matrix.os }}
+          CI_JOB_IMAGE: ${{ matrix.os }}
 
       # The Coverity site says the tool is usually updated twice yearly, so the
       # MD5 of download can be used to determine whether there's been an update.

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -251,6 +251,58 @@ jobs:
       with:
         name: failed-tests-windows-vs-${{ matrix.nr }}
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
+
+  windows-meson-build:
+    name: win+Meson build
+    needs: ci-config
+    if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    concurrency:
+      group: windows-meson-build-${{ github.ref }}
+      cancel-in-progress: ${{ needs.ci-config.outputs.skip_concurrent == 'yes' }}
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+    - name: Set up dependencies
+      shell: pwsh
+      run: pip install meson ninja
+    - name: Setup
+      shell: pwsh
+      run: meson setup build -Dperl=disabled
+    - name: Compile
+      shell: pwsh
+      run: meson compile -C build
+    - name: Upload build artifacts
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: windows-meson-artifacts
+        path: build
+  windows-meson-test:
+    name: win+Meson test
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    needs: [ci-config, windows-meson-build]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        nr: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+    concurrency:
+      group: windows-meson-test-${{ matrix.nr }}-${{ github.ref }}
+      cancel-in-progress: ${{ needs.ci-config.outputs.skip_concurrent == 'yes' }}
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+    - name: Set up dependencies
+      shell: pwsh
+      run: pip install meson ninja
+    - name: Download build artifacts
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: windows-meson-artifacts
+        path: build
+    - name: Test
+      shell: pwsh
+      run: meson test -C build --list | Select-Object -Skip 1 | Select-String .* | Group-Object -Property { $_.LineNumber % 10 } | Where-Object Name -EQ ${{ matrix.nr }} | ForEach-Object { meson test -C build --no-rebuild --print-errorlogs $_.Group }
+
   regular:
     name: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}} (${{matrix.vector.pool}})
     needs: ci-config
@@ -262,20 +314,6 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         vector:
-          - jobname: linux-sha256
-            cc: clang
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-reftable
-            cc: clang
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-gcc
-            cc: gcc
-            cc_package: gcc-8
-            pool: ubuntu-20.04
-          - jobname: linux-TEST-vars
-            cc: gcc
-            cc_package: gcc-8
-            pool: ubuntu-20.04
           - jobname: osx-clang
             cc: clang
             pool: macos-13
@@ -288,26 +326,11 @@ jobs:
           - jobname: osx-meson
             cc: clang
             pool: macos-13
-          - jobname: linux-gcc-default
-            cc: gcc
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-leaks
-            cc: gcc
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-reftable-leaks
-            cc: gcc
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-asan-ubsan
-            cc: clang
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-meson
-            cc: gcc
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
     env:
       CC: ${{matrix.vector.cc}}
       CC_PACKAGE: ${{matrix.vector.cc_package}}
       jobname: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
-      distro: ${{matrix.vector.pool}}
+      CI_JOB_IMAGE: ${{matrix.vector.pool}}
       TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY: ${{github.workspace}}/t
     runs-on: ${{matrix.vector.pool}}
     steps:
@@ -345,27 +368,48 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         vector:
-        - jobname: linux-musl
-          image: alpine
-          distro: alpine-latest
+        - jobname: linux-sha256
+          image: ubuntu:rolling
+          cc: clang
+        - jobname: linux-reftable
+          image: ubuntu:rolling
+          cc: clang
+        - jobname: linux-TEST-vars
+          image: ubuntu:20.04
+          cc: gcc
+          cc_package: gcc-8
+        - jobname: linux-breaking-changes
+          cc: gcc
+          image: ubuntu:rolling
+        - jobname: linux-leaks
+          image: ubuntu:rolling
+          cc: gcc
+        - jobname: linux-reftable-leaks
+          image: ubuntu:rolling
+          cc: gcc
+        - jobname: linux-asan-ubsan
+          image: ubuntu:rolling
+          cc: clang
+        - jobname: linux-meson
+          image: ubuntu:rolling
+          cc: gcc
+        - jobname: linux-musl-meson
+          image: alpine:latest
         # Supported until 2025-04-02.
         - jobname: linux32
           image: i386/ubuntu:focal
-          distro: ubuntu32-20.04
         - jobname: pedantic
-          image: fedora
-          distro: fedora-latest
+          image: fedora:latest
         # A RHEL 8 compatible distro.  Supported until 2029-05-31.
         - jobname: almalinux-8
           image: almalinux:8
-          distro: almalinux-8
         # Supported until 2026-08-31.
         - jobname: debian-11
           image: debian:11
-          distro: debian-11
     env:
       jobname: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
-      distro: ${{matrix.vector.distro}}
+      CC: ${{matrix.vector.cc}}
+      CI_JOB_IMAGE: ${{matrix.vector.image}}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     container: ${{matrix.vector.image}}
     steps:
@@ -374,10 +418,12 @@ jobs:
       run: apt -q update && apt -q -y install libc6-amd64 lib64stdc++6
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
-    - run: ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
+    - run: useradd builder --create-home
+    - run: chown -R builder .
+    - run: sudo --preserve-env --set-home --user=builder ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
     - name: print test failures
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      run: sudo --preserve-env --set-home --user=builder ci/print-test-failures.sh
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4

.gitignore

@@ -253,3 +253,5 @@ Release/
 *.dSYM
 /contrib/buildsystems/out
 CMakeSettings.json
+/contrib/libgit-rs/target
+/contrib/libgit-sys/target

.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -36,41 +36,36 @@ test:linux:
       fi
   parallel:
     matrix:
-      - jobname: linux-old
-        image: ubuntu:20.04
-        CC: gcc
       - jobname: linux-sha256
-        image: ubuntu:latest
+        image: ubuntu:rolling
         CC: clang
       - jobname: linux-reftable
-        image: ubuntu:latest
+        image: ubuntu:rolling
         CC: clang
-      - jobname: linux-gcc
+      - jobname: linux-breaking-changes
         image: ubuntu:20.04
         CC: gcc
-        CC_PACKAGE: gcc-8
       - jobname: linux-TEST-vars
         image: ubuntu:20.04
         CC: gcc
         CC_PACKAGE: gcc-8
-      - jobname: linux-gcc-default
-        image: ubuntu:latest
-        CC: gcc
       - jobname: linux-leaks
-        image: ubuntu:latest
+        image: ubuntu:rolling
         CC: gcc
       - jobname: linux-reftable-leaks
-        image: ubuntu:latest
+        image: ubuntu:rolling
         CC: gcc
       - jobname: linux-asan-ubsan
-        image: ubuntu:latest
+        image: ubuntu:rolling
         CC: clang
       - jobname: pedantic
         image: fedora:latest
-      - jobname: linux-musl
+      - jobname: linux-musl-meson
         image: alpine:latest
+      - jobname: linux32
+        image: i386/ubuntu:20.04
       - jobname: linux-meson
-        image: ubuntu:latest
+        image: ubuntu:rolling
         CC: gcc
   artifacts:
     paths:
@@ -149,6 +144,44 @@ test:mingw64:
     - git-sdk/usr/bin/bash.exe -l -c 'ci/print-test-failures.sh'
   parallel: 10
 
+.msvc-meson:
+  tags:
+    - saas-windows-medium-amd64
+  before_script:
+    - choco install -y git meson ninja openssl
+    - Import-Module $env:ChocolateyInstall\helpers\chocolateyProfile.psm1
+    - refreshenv
+    # The certificate store for Python on Windows is broken and fails to fetch
+    # certificates, see https://bugs.python.org/issue36011. This seems to
+    # mostly be an issue with how the GitLab image is set up as it is a
+    # non-issue on GitHub Actions. Work around the issue by importing
+    # cetrificates manually.
+    - Invoke-WebRequest https://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem -OutFile cacert.pem
+    - openssl pkcs12 -export -nokeys -in cacert.pem -out certs.pfx -passout "pass:"
+    - Import-PfxCertificate -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\Root -FilePath certs.pfx
+
+build:msvc-meson:
+  extends: .msvc-meson
+  stage: build
+  script:
+    - meson setup build -Dperl=disabled
+    - meson compile -C build
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - build
+
+test:msvc-meson:
+  extends: .msvc-meson
+  stage: test
+  when: manual
+  timeout: 6h
+  needs:
+    - job: "build:msvc-meson"
+      artifacts: true
+  script:
+    - meson test -C build --list | Select-Object -Skip 1 | Select-String .* | Group-Object -Property { $_.LineNumber % $Env:CI_NODE_TOTAL + 1 } | Where-Object Name -EQ $Env:CI_NODE_INDEX | ForEach-Object { meson test -C build --no-rebuild --print-errorlogs $_.Group }
+  parallel: 10
+
 test:fuzz-smoke-tests:
   image: ubuntu:latest
   stage: test
@@ -183,7 +216,7 @@ check-whitespace:
   # be defined in all pipelines.
   script:
     - |
-      R=${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_TARGET_BRANCH_SHA-${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_DIFF_BASE_SHA:?}} || exit
+      R=${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_TARGET_BRANCH_SHA:-${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_DIFF_BASE_SHA:?}} || exit
       ./ci/check-whitespace.sh "$R"
   rules:
     - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'merge_request_event'
@@ -203,7 +236,7 @@ check-style:
   # be defined in all pipelines.
   script:
     - |
-      R=${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_TARGET_BRANCH_SHA-${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_DIFF_BASE_SHA:?}} || exit
+      R=${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_TARGET_BRANCH_SHA:-${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_DIFF_BASE_SHA:?}} || exit
       ./ci/run-style-check.sh "$R"
   rules:
     - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'merge_request_event'

Documentation/.gitignore

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@
 *.pdf
 git.info
 gitman.info
-howto-index.txt
+howto-index.adoc
 doc.dep
-cmds-*.txt
-mergetools-*.txt
-SubmittingPatches.txt
+cmds-*.adoc
+mergetools-*.adoc
+SubmittingPatches.adoc
 tmp-doc-diff/
 tmp-meson-diff/
 GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS

Documentation/BreakingChanges.txt → Documentation/BreakingChanges.adoc

@@ -154,6 +154,31 @@ Cf. <[email protected]>,
     <CAKvOHKAFXQwt4D8yUCCkf_TQL79mYaJ=KAKhtpDNTvHJFuX1NA@mail.gmail.com>,
     <[email protected]>,
 
+* Support for storing shorthands for remote URLs in "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/branches/"
+  and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/remotes/" has been long superseded by storing remotes in
+  the repository configuration.
++
+The mechanism has originally been introduced in f170e4b39d ([PATCH] fetch/pull:
+short-hand notation for remote repositories., 2005-07-16) and was superseded by
+6687f8fea2 ([PATCH] Use .git/remote/origin, not .git/branches/origin.,
+2005-08-20), where we switched from ".git/branches/" to ".git/remotes/". That
+commit already mentions an upcoming deprecation of the ".git/branches/"
+directory, and starting with a1d4aa7424 (Add repository-layout document.,
+2005-09-01) we have also marked this layout as deprecated. Eventually we also
+started to migrate away from ".git/remotes/" in favor of config-based remotes,
+and we have marked the directory as legacy in 3d3d282146 (Documentation:
+Grammar correction, wording fixes and cleanup, 2011-08-23)
++
+As our documentation mentions, these directories are not to be found in modern
+repositories at all and most users aren't even aware of these mechanisms. They
+have been deprecated for almost 20 years and 14 years respectively, and we are
+not aware of any active users that have complained about this deprecation.
+Furthermore, the ".git/branches/" directory is nowadays misleadingly named and
+may cause confusion as "branches" are almost exclusively used in the context of
+references.
++
+These features will be removed.
+
 == Superseded features that will not be deprecated
 
 Some features have gained newer replacements that aim to improve the design in