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绘图基础 | ||
######## | ||
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这一章介绍GMT中所有程序通用的基础知识,这些知识点在GMT中会经常使用,因而需要全面掌握。 | ||
这一章介绍GMT中所有程序通用的基础知识。 | ||
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.. toctree:: | ||
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GMT版本 | ||
======= | ||
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版本号 | ||
------ | ||
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GMT的版本号的格式为:: | ||
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major.minor.patch | ||
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其中 ``major`` 为主版本号,``minor`` 为次版本号,``patch`` 为补丁版本号。 | ||
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一般而言,版本号的更新规则如下: | ||
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- 当有极大的更新,会增加主版本号 ``major`` ,因而 ``major`` 不同的两个版本在 | ||
语法和功能上有很大的差异 | ||
- 当有较大的更新,比如个别命令的语法有变化,会更新次版本号 ``minor`` | ||
- 若更新主要是修复错误,则会增加 ``patch`` 的版本号 | ||
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因而, ``GMT 5.x.x`` 与 ``GMT 4.x.x`` 之间有很大差异,两个版本的语法是不完全 | ||
兼容的,切勿混在一起使用。 ``GMT 4.5.x`` 和 ``GMT 4.4.x`` ,部分命令的语法和 | ||
用法可能有一点区别。而 ``GMT 4.5.13`` 相对于 ``GMT 4.5.12`` ,主要是修复了一些BUG。 | ||
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GMT4 vs GMT5 | ||
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GMT目前在同时维护GMT4和GMT5两个大版本。用户是选择GMT4还是GMT5呢? | ||
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GMT4的优缺点: | ||
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- 已发布十年有余,功能相对成熟 | ||
- 仅修复Bug,不再增加新功能,命令语法相对稳定 | ||
- 网络上的中文教程及示例多采用GMT4语法,新手学习起来更方便 | ||
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GMT5的优缺点: | ||
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- GMT5是GMT的未来 | ||
- 相对于GMT4有很多改进,命令语法更统一,选项的设计更加合理 | ||
- 增加了很多新功能,其中非常有用的包括但不限于: | ||
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- ``-Bafg`` 自动确定坐标轴的标注间隔 | ||
- 支持透明色,且支持透明图层 | ||
- 引入修饰物的概念,使得相关代码更具通用性 | ||
- ``-X`` 和 ``-Y`` 支持多种指定坐标原点的方式,画多子图的组合图时更加简单 | ||
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- 由于重写了大量代码,因而可能有较多的Bug | ||
- 目前关于GMT5的中文教程太少 | ||
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综上,对于用户的建议是: | ||
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- 新用户推荐学习GMT5,毕竟GMT5是GMT的未来,更多新用户的加入也可以更好地促进GMT的发展 | ||
- 实验室可能有前人留下的GMT4的代码,若历史负担太重,建议使用GMT4 | ||
- 若自己的大型项目中使用了GMT绘图,建议使用GMT4,因为GMT4相对稳定,不至于因为 | ||
GMT小版本的不兼容而影响到自己的项目 | ||
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PS:GMT4和GMT5可在系统中共存,因而完全可以同时安装两个版本,旧脚本不必修改, | ||
继续使用GMT4,新脚本则使用GMT5语法。 | ||
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