CI: Overhaul static checks to use `pre-commit` #29812

Job	Run time
📊 Static checks / Code style, file formatting, and docs	56s
🍎 macOS / Editor (target=editor, tests=yes)	5m 29s
🍎 macOS / Template (target=template_release)	3m 30s
🍏 iOS / Template (target=template_release)	2m 1s
🌐 Web / Template w/ threads (target=template_release, threads=yes)	3m 54s
🐧 Linux / Editor w/ Mono (target=editor)	4m 40s
🌐 Web / Template w/o threads (target=template_release, threads=no)	3m 35s
🐧 Linux / Editor with doubles and GCC sanitizers (target=editor, tests=yes, dev_build=yes, scu_build=yes, precision=double, use_asan=yes, use_ubsan=yes, linker=gold)	15m 9s
🤖 Android / Template (target=template_release)	3m 42s
🐧 Linux / Editor with clang sanitizers (target=editor, tests=yes, dev_build=yes, use_asan=yes, use_ubsan=yes, use_llvm=yes, linker=lld)	5m 31s
🏁 Windows / Editor (target=editor, tests=yes)	8m 10s
🐧 Linux / Editor with ThreadSanitizer (target=editor, tests=yes, dev_build=yes, use_tsan=yes, use_llvm=yes, linker=lld)	6m 53s
🏁 Windows / Template (target=template_release)	7m 36s
🐧 Linux / Template w/ Mono (target=template_release)	1m 16s
🐧 Linux / Minimal template (target=template_release, everything disabled)	1m 28s
🪲 Godot CPP / Build and test Godot CPP	7m 13s
	1h 21m 3s

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