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Streaming engine: Native histogram aggregations #8360

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jhesketh
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@jhesketh jhesketh commented Jun 13, 2024

What this PR does

Which issue(s) this PR fixes or relates to

Fixes #

Checklist

  • Tests updated.
  • Documentation added.
  • CHANGELOG.md updated - the order of entries should be [CHANGE], [FEATURE], [ENHANCEMENT], [BUGFIX].
  • about-versioning.md updated with experimental features.

@jhesketh jhesketh marked this pull request as ready for review June 13, 2024 04:32
@jhesketh jhesketh requested a review from a team as a code owner June 13, 2024 04:32
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Overall LGTM, thanks for working on this.

Could you please run the existing sum benchmarks before and after this change and include the results here? I'm particularly interested in the impact of the introduction of floatPointCount.

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pkg/streamingpromql/operators/aggregation.go Show resolved Hide resolved
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jhesketh commented Jun 20, 2024

(edit: I do not trust these benchmarks, and they likely need re-doing)

Benchmark of this branch vs main:

goos: linux
goarch: amd64
pkg: github.com/grafana/mimir/pkg/streamingpromql/benchmarks
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-1270P
                                                                                     │   main.txt    │      histogram_aggregations.txt      │
                                                                                     │    sec/op     │    sec/op      vs base               │
Query/a_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                       146.2µ ±  1%    149.0µ ±  2%   +1.87% (p=0.017 n=6)
Query/a_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                  149.0µ ±  5%    152.5µ ±  4%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                          157.4µ ±  4%    204.5µ ± 19%  +29.93% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                     201.3µ ± 18%    209.3µ ±  5%   +3.97% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                         312.0µ ±  3%    310.4µ ±  3%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                    319.9µ ±  2%    317.0µ ±  2%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                     1.212m ±  1%    1.225m ±  1%   +1.08% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                1.224m ±  2%    1.237m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                        1.982m ±  2%    2.039m ±  2%   +2.92% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                   2.001m ±  2%    2.308m ±  3%  +15.36% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                       8.389m ±  3%    9.598m ±  3%  +14.41% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                  8.532m ±  1%    9.675m ±  2%  +13.39% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                    16.30m ±  4%    18.69m ±  4%  +14.69% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                               16.69m ±  1%    19.13m ±  2%  +14.61% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                       28.78m ±  1%    32.88m ±  1%  +14.26% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                  28.90m ±  2%    32.99m ±  1%  +14.15% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                      137.8m ±  1%    156.8m ±  2%  +13.81% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                 140.3m ±  3%    159.1m ±  1%  +13.47% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                      214.4µ ±  2%    256.3µ ±  7%  +19.52% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                 219.9µ ±  2%    261.6µ ±  3%  +18.95% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                         290.5µ ±  1%    341.3µ ±  1%  +17.50% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                    299.8µ ±  2%    347.1µ ±  2%  +15.78% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                        905.0µ ±  2%   1040.4µ ±  2%  +14.96% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                   911.1µ ±  1%    917.2µ ± 12%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                    2.747m ±  1%    2.751m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                               2.757m ±  2%    2.748m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                       7.996m ±  1%    8.942m ± 10%  +11.83% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                  8.075m ±  2%    9.066m ±  2%  +12.27% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                      53.92m ±  9%    56.97m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                 57.26m ±  3%    57.07m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   47.53m ±  2%    47.74m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              47.66m ±  2%    48.26m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                      129.6m ±  2%    150.3m ±  2%  +16.01% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                 131.4m ±  3%    151.0m ±  1%  +14.93% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                      1.146 ±  3%     1.315 ±  1%  +14.74% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                 1.153 ±  2%     1.321 ±  1%  +14.52% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   173.0µ ±  4%    208.7µ ±  8%  +20.64% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              185.2µ ±  2%    220.5µ ±  3%  +19.07% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                 545.1µ ±  2%    634.1µ ±  3%  +16.32% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                            617.7µ ±  1%    711.5µ ±  2%  +15.19% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                6.015m ±  2%    7.014m ±  1%  +16.60% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                           7.036m ±  1%    8.030m ±  1%  +14.13% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                             178.6µ ± 17%    207.4µ ±  3%  +16.10% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                        227.1µ ±  2%    224.4µ ±  4%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                229.8µ ±  3%    230.7µ ±  3%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                           254.0µ ±  3%    257.4µ ±  2%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                               369.4µ ±  3%    370.0µ ±  1%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                          449.4µ ± 15%    458.6µ ±  3%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           535.7µ ±  2%    624.8µ ±  6%  +16.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      708.7µ ±  2%    812.4µ ±  1%  +14.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              1.643m ±  2%    1.829m ±  2%  +11.36% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         2.348m ±  3%    2.664m ±  3%  +13.46% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             9.544m ±  3%   11.220m ± 26%  +17.57% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        14.30m ±  3%    17.33m ± 25%  +21.21% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          5.954m ±  1%    6.987m ±  6%  +17.34% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     9.769m ± 11%    9.706m ±  4%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             26.74m ±  3%    26.53m ±  4%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        39.64m ±  2%    40.29m ±  2%   +1.63% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            180.8m ±  1%    182.2m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       278.4m ± 12%    283.2m ±  1%   +1.74% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                              1.497m ±  3%    1.696m ±  4%  +13.26% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                         2.011m ±  3%    2.268m ±  3%  +12.77% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                            83.81m ±  2%    93.32m ±  1%  +11.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                       127.2m ±  2%    143.3m ±  1%  +12.65% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                            1.660 ±  1%     1.893 ±  1%  +14.05% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                       2.738 ± 10%     3.046 ±  1%  +11.22% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                             1.295m ±  2%    1.302m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                        1.665m ±  2%    1.675m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                1.867m ±  2%    1.894m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                           2.472m ±  2%    2.468m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                               6.469m ±  2%    6.433m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                          7.484m ±  8%    8.288m ±  5%  +10.75% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           55.33m ±  2%    62.90m ±  1%  +13.69% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      63.70m ±  1%    72.47m ±  2%  +13.77% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              99.82m ±  1%   111.23m ±  1%  +11.44% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         117.1m ±  3%    117.8m ± 12%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             512.4m ±  4%    518.4m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        599.2m ±  2%    606.0m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                         1037.5m ± 11%    981.9m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      1.334 ±  1%     1.173 ±  4%  -12.09% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              2.098 ±  1%     1.861 ±  3%  -11.28% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         2.523 ±  1%     2.248 ±  2%  -10.90% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             9.770 ± 11%     9.778 ±  4%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        11.95 ± 11%     12.24 ± 10%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                 425.0µ ±  5%    434.1µ ±  7%   +2.13% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                            441.5µ ±  2%    446.3µ ±  2%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                    467.8µ ±  3%    462.0µ ±  4%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                               510.1µ ±  1%    519.0µ ±  3%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                   728.1µ ±  4%    727.7µ ±  1%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                              1.077m ±  2%    1.083m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                             2.728m ±  1%    2.783m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                        2.769m ±  1%    2.200m ± 29%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                4.500m ±  3%    3.715m ±  2%  -17.45% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                           7.011m ±  1%    5.968m ±  3%  -14.87% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                               18.75m ±  4%    16.50m ±  3%  -11.99% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                          42.30m ±  2%    38.64m ±  4%   -8.64% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           38.18m ±  2%    38.69m ± 21%        ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      38.95m ±  2%    41.09m ±  2%   +5.50% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              66.67m ±  3%    70.11m ±  3%   +5.15% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         125.1m ±  1%    128.9m ±  3%   +2.99% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             320.3m ±  2%    327.2m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                         1.012 ±  7%     1.024 ±  2%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                                  2.905m ±  2%    2.918m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                             5.802m ±  2%    5.781m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                              134.8m ± 11%    156.5m ±  1%  +16.06% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                         343.4m ±  4%    385.8m ±  2%  +12.34% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                             2.837 ± 10%     3.112 ±  1%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                       10.073 ±  1%     8.502 ±  9%  -15.60% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                              2.635m ±  2%    2.172m ±  2%  -17.56% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                         2.638m ±  2%    2.781m ± 17%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                 4.137m ±  1%    4.325m ±  3%   +4.54% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16            5.682m ±  2%    5.775m ±  1%   +1.63% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                17.13m ±  3%    17.24m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16           30.58m ±  3%    31.20m ±  3%   +2.05% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                26.35m ±  4%    26.54m ±  5%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           30.39m ±  3%    30.66m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   44.08m ±  2%    44.43m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              85.92m ±  2%    85.86m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                  202.0m ±  1%    204.3m ±  3%   +1.11% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             602.3m ±  2%    604.8m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                 11.89m ±  7%    11.99m ±  5%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                            20.19m ±  3%    20.29m ±  4%        ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                    17.66m ±  1%    17.69m ±  1%        ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16               46.88m ±  3%    47.55m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                   71.36m ±  3%    71.33m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16              291.8m ±  1%    293.7m ±  4%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query/Mimir-16                                 12.00m ±  6%    12.15m ±  7%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query/Prometheus-16                            19.35m ±  2%    19.54m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                    17.68m ±  2%    17.63m ±  1%        ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16               38.64m ±  4%    38.47m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                   71.02m ±  2%    70.03m ± 26%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16              206.4m ±  2%    175.7m ±  4%  -14.86% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                  221.5µ ±  3%    158.2µ ±  1%  -28.57% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                             229.1µ ±  2%    165.0µ ±  3%  -27.99% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                     238.5µ ±  3%    170.7µ ±  3%  -28.41% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                250.2µ ±  3%    185.4µ ±  2%  -25.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                    362.1µ ±  2%    400.3µ ± 22%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                               426.0µ ±  2%    445.9µ ±  3%   +4.68% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                1.375m ±  2%    1.426m ±  2%   +3.67% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                           1.389m ±  2%    1.433m ±  2%   +3.20% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                   2.270m ±  3%    2.338m ±  1%   +2.98% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                              2.308m ±  2%    2.365m ±  1%   +2.48% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                  9.772m ±  3%    9.989m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                             10.02m ±  3%    10.17m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                               18.61m ±  1%    18.79m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                          19.15m ±  1%    19.33m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                  33.33m ±  1%    33.60m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                             34.87m ±  2%    34.91m ±  5%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                 164.5m ±  2%    165.4m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                            179.9m ±  3%    182.0m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           297.5µ ±  2%    307.9µ ±  5%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      309.6µ ±  1%    314.8µ ±  3%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              368.8µ ±  4%    373.9µ ±  2%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         384.2µ ±  2%    390.9µ ±  1%   +1.74% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             971.1µ ±  2%    973.6µ ±  1%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       1022.1µ ±  2%    937.2µ ± 12%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                         6.523m ±  2%    5.124m ±  2%  -21.46% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                    6.676m ±  1%    5.293m ±  1%  -20.73% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           11.426m ±  2%    9.606m ±  2%  -15.93% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                       11.90m ±  2%    12.44m ± 15%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                           53.46m ±  2%    55.41m ±  3%   +3.65% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                      58.53m ±  2%    60.30m ±  2%   +3.03% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                        113.5m ±  1%    117.0m ±  2%   +3.06% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                   115.3m ±  2%    118.8m ±  4%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           201.8m ±  3%    203.6m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                      212.1m ±  2%    215.4m ±  2%   +1.58% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                           1.044 ±  4%     1.045 ±  2%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                      1.335 ±  2%     1.343 ±  2%        ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          301.2µ ±  5%    305.1µ ±  8%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     310.1µ ±  1%    319.5µ ±  2%   +3.00% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             376.1µ ±  2%    374.6µ ±  2%        ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        401.4µ ±  4%    408.3µ ±  3%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            982.7µ ±  2%    977.4µ ±  2%        ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       1.115m ±  2%    1.131m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                        6.521m ±  1%    6.490m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                   6.553m ±  2%    6.682m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           11.33m ±  1%    11.42m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                      11.64m ±  2%    11.82m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                          53.15m ±  2%    52.56m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                     57.14m ±  2%    56.60m ± 19%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                      112.73m ±  4%    84.79m ±  3%  -24.79% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                 115.87m ±  3%    88.22m ±  2%  -23.86% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                          200.1m ±  1%    168.0m ±  4%  -16.04% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                     209.1m ±  3%    179.1m ±  4%  -14.33% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                        1023.4m ±  2%    953.4m ± 12%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                     1.281 ±  2%     1.312 ±  2%   +2.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                             417.1µ ±  7%    422.4µ ±  2%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        444.3µ ±  4%    451.0µ ±  2%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                458.7µ ±  1%    457.4µ ±  4%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16           536.9µ ±  2%    538.8µ ±  2%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               750.9µ ±  1%    760.8µ ±  3%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16          1.199m ±  3%    1.200m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                         1.360m ±  2%    1.360m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                    1.744m ±  1%    1.742m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16            3.771m ±  2%    3.813m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16       7.512m ±  2%    7.518m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16           21.23m ±  5%    21.29m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16      53.29m ±  5%    53.99m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                       15.29m ±  3%    15.26m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                  20.87m ±  2%    20.95m ± 24%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16          53.73m ±  2%    43.38m ±  2%  -19.27% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16     135.8m ±  2%    117.7m ±  4%  -13.34% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16         369.0m ±  2%    322.7m ±  6%  -12.53% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16     1.240 ±  2%     1.041 ±  6%  -16.01% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                            439.2µ ±  4%    314.4µ ±  4%  -28.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                       446.2µ ±  2%    326.7µ ±  2%  -26.78% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                               467.9µ ±  2%    337.9µ ±  2%  -27.78% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                          527.7µ ±  1%    551.1µ ± 15%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                              737.3µ ±  2%    755.9µ ±  3%   +2.52% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                         1.137m ±  3%    1.167m ± 62%   +2.62% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                        2.763m ±  3%    2.890m ± 13%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                   2.797m ±  2%    2.478m ±  2%  -11.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           4.521m ±  2%    4.104m ±  2%   -9.21% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                      7.030m ±  1%    6.389m ±  3%   -9.12% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                          19.10m ±  2%    17.35m ±  4%   -9.19% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                     42.55m ±  1%    38.45m ±  3%   -9.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                      38.23m ±  6%    34.41m ±  2%   -9.99% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                 39.49m ±  2%    35.13m ±  2%  -11.03% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                         67.05m ±  1%    70.20m ±  3%   +4.69% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                    126.1m ±  2%    129.7m ±  2%   +2.88% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                        330.1m ±  1%    339.2m ±  1%   +2.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                    1.025 ±  2%     1.065 ±  1%   +3.92% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                246.8µ ±  3%    219.6µ ± 15%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           276.6µ ±  2%    240.4µ ±  4%  -13.08% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   347.8µ ±  3%    298.5µ ±  4%  -14.19% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              429.8µ ±  2%    386.5µ ±  4%  -10.07% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                 1072.6µ ±  2%    953.8µ ±  3%  -11.08% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             1.572m ±  2%    1.421m ±  1%   -9.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                              2.629m ±  1%    2.380m ±  3%   -9.47% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                         3.659m ±  1%    3.712m ± 12%        ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                 9.055m ±  2%    9.365m ±  2%   +3.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16            13.27m ±  3%    13.97m ±  1%   +5.32% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                59.71m ±  3%    62.15m ±  1%   +4.07% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16           91.95m ±  4%    96.62m ±  1%   +5.08% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                             42.48m ±  4%    44.37m ±  7%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        58.41m ±  1%    60.86m ±  2%   +4.20% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                160.3m ±  2%    168.7m ±  3%   +5.25% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16           241.7m ±  2%    257.3m ±  1%   +6.45% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                1.154 ±  1%     1.208 ±  3%   +4.64% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16           2.001 ±  1%     1.831 ± 15%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
geomean                                                                                 10.84m          10.89m         +0.41%

                                                                                     │    main.txt    │      histogram_aggregations.txt      │
                                                                                     │      B/op      │      B/op       vs base              │
Query/a_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                       19.53Ki ±  0%    19.53Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.909 n=6)
Query/a_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                  20.68Ki ±  0%    20.77Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.143 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                          20.09Ki ±  0%    20.09Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.853 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                     21.64Ki ±  0%    21.58Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.784 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                         24.71Ki ±  0%    24.69Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                    26.39Ki ±  1%    26.40Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                     153.6Ki ±  0%    153.7Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                169.7Ki ±  0%    169.7Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                        210.6Ki ±  0%    210.7Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                   222.5Ki ±  0%    222.6Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                       647.4Ki ±  0%    648.3Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                  658.1Ki ±  0%    658.0Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                    2.688Mi ±  0%    2.690Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                               3.021Mi ±  0%    3.016Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                       3.772Mi ±  0%    3.789Mi ±  2%  +0.46% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                  3.963Mi ±  0%    3.963Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                      12.26Mi ±  1%    12.14Mi ±  1%  -1.00% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                 12.36Mi ±  0%    12.33Mi ±  0%  -0.20% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                      35.87Ki ±  0%    35.88Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                 37.01Ki ±  0%    37.13Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                         87.24Ki ±  0%    87.22Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                    88.69Ki ±  0%    88.60Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                        519.1Ki ±  0%    519.2Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                   520.2Ki ±  0%    519.9Ki ±  0%  -0.06% (p=0.037 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                    924.7Ki ±  0%    923.9Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                               940.8Ki ±  0%    940.3Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                       5.566Mi ±  0%    5.565Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                  5.569Mi ±  0%    5.569Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                      47.50Mi ±  0%    47.51Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                 47.50Mi ±  0%    47.49Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   17.46Mi ±  0%    17.46Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              17.76Mi ±  0%    17.76Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                      111.3Mi ±  0%    111.4Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                 111.5Mi ±  0%    111.6Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                     976.8Mi ±  0%    977.1Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                977.1Mi ±  0%    977.0Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   19.19Ki ±  0%    19.20Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.370 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              21.57Ki ±  1%    21.65Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                 111.0Ki ±  0%    111.1Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                            133.2Ki ±  0%    133.4Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                1.907Mi ±  0%    1.911Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                           2.290Mi ±  0%    2.291Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                             19.45Ki ±  0%    19.44Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.788 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                        22.69Ki ±  1%    22.57Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                19.87Ki ±  0%    19.88Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                           23.51Ki ±  1%    23.44Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                               24.58Ki ±  0%    24.53Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.784 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                          28.33Ki ±  0%    28.34Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.900 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           110.8Ki ±  0%    110.8Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      151.9Ki ±  0%    151.9Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              154.8Ki ±  0%    154.8Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         192.4Ki ±  0%    192.5Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             612.3Ki ±  0%    613.8Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        650.4Ki ±  0%    648.5Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          1.835Mi ±  0%    1.839Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     2.616Mi ±  0%    2.615Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             2.755Mi ±  1%    2.745Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        3.379Mi ±  0%    3.383Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            11.49Mi ±  1%    11.50Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       12.09Mi ±  0%    12.09Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                              74.11Ki ±  2%    73.13Ki ±  3%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                         87.23Ki ±  9%    86.73Ki ±  4%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                            5.095Mi ±  3%    5.031Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                       5.250Mi ±  2%    5.246Mi ±  3%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                           600.1Mi ±  0%    600.0Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                      1.044Gi ±  0%    1.044Gi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                             76.36Ki ±  4%    74.93Ki ±  6%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                        671.5Ki ±  2%    672.7Ki ±  2%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                72.99Ki ±  3%    75.07Ki ±  6%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                           665.8Ki ±  3%    670.1Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                               74.46Ki ± 19%    67.18Ki ± 20%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                          633.4Ki ±  2%    634.8Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           4.733Mi ±  1%    4.747Mi ±  2%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      5.261Mi ±  2%    5.259Mi ±  3%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              4.776Mi ±  2%    4.791Mi ±  2%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         5.283Mi ±  2%    5.270Mi ±  3%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             5.298Mi ± 10%    5.213Mi ±  9%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        5.746Mi ±  4%    5.900Mi ±  6%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          88.32Mi ±  1%    87.68Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     90.11Mi ±  1%    90.48Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             93.65Mi ±  1%    93.61Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        94.16Mi ±  1%    94.10Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            127.6Mi ±  1%    127.8Mi ±  1%  +0.18% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       128.9Mi ±  1%    129.0Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                 38.38Ki ±  0%    38.40Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.368 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                            42.76Ki ±  1%    42.52Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.457 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                    39.53Ki ±  0%    39.50Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.418 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                               49.02Ki ±  0%    49.03Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.623 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                   48.59Ki ±  0%    48.57Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.619 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                              100.9Ki ±  0%    100.9Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                             340.4Ki ±  0%    340.1Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                        474.2Ki ±  0%    473.8Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                455.0Ki ±  0%    454.2Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                           586.2Ki ±  0%    585.7Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                               1.297Mi ±  0%    1.299Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                          1.474Mi ±  0%    1.470Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           5.927Mi ±  0%    5.936Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      8.186Mi ±  0%    8.183Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              8.077Mi ±  1%    8.096Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         10.26Mi ±  1%    10.22Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             24.81Mi ±  1%    24.80Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        122.6Mi ± 77%    122.5Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                                  147.5Ki ±  2%    144.9Ki ±  2%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                             699.7Ki ±  4%    688.2Ki ±  2%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                              9.970Mi ±  1%   10.012Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                         10.85Mi ±  2%    10.78Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                            700.4Mi ±  0%    700.3Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                       3.035Gi ±  0%    3.035Gi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                              258.8Ki ±  0%    258.5Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                         373.6Ki ±  0%    373.6Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                 341.4Ki ±  0%    341.3Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16            455.9Ki ±  0%    455.8Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               1001.3Ki ±  0%   1001.2Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16           1.136Mi ±  0%    1.132Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                3.986Mi ±  0%    3.986Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           6.162Mi ±  0%    6.155Mi ±  0%  -0.10% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   5.427Mi ±  0%    5.439Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              7.708Mi ±  0%    7.703Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                  16.43Mi ±  0%    16.46Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             20.78Mi ±  1%    20.93Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                 1.748Mi ±  5%    1.747Mi ±  6%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                            4.253Mi ±  0%    4.252Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                    2.192Mi ±  1%    2.192Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16               5.325Mi ±  0%    5.321Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                   5.849Mi ±  2%    5.802Mi ±  4%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16              13.98Mi ±  0%    13.95Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query/Mimir-16                                 1.851Mi ±  5%    1.845Mi ±  3%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query/Prometheus-16                            3.637Mi ±  0%    3.632Mi ±  0%  -0.15% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                    2.192Mi ±  9%    2.193Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16               4.708Mi ±  2%    4.703Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                   6.072Mi ±  5%    6.057Mi ± 11%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16              13.12Mi ±  0%    13.13Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                  20.17Ki ±  0%    20.17Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                             21.81Ki ±  1%    21.81Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                     20.75Ki ±  0%    20.75Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                22.80Ki ±  1%    22.72Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                    25.38Ki ±  1%    25.43Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.193 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                               27.56Ki ±  1%    27.55Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                155.3Ki ±  0%    155.3Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                           173.9Ki ±  0%    174.1Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                   211.9Ki ±  0%    211.8Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                              231.0Ki ±  0%    231.1Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                  653.3Ki ±  1%    652.6Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                             667.5Ki ±  0%    667.6Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                               2.677Mi ±  0%    2.677Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                          3.082Mi ±  0%    3.082Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                  3.709Mi ±  0%    3.716Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                             4.109Mi ±  0%    4.108Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                 12.28Mi ±  1%    12.22Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                            12.49Mi ±  1%    12.49Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           27.19Ki ±  0%    27.17Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      29.84Ki ±  0%    29.83Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              30.46Ki ±  0%    30.45Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.900 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         33.55Ki ±  0%    33.54Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             57.86Ki ±  0%    57.78Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        60.87Ki ±  0%    60.75Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                         978.5Ki ±  0%    980.2Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                    1.094Mi ±  0%    1.093Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                            1.273Mi ±  0%    1.273Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                       1.401Mi ±  0%    1.401Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                           3.840Mi ±  0%    3.837Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                      3.952Mi ±  0%    3.945Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                        19.51Mi ±  1%    19.57Mi ±  0%  +0.30% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                   22.47Mi ±  0%    22.52Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           27.47Mi ±  3%    27.50Mi ±  2%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                      28.32Mi ±  0%    28.33Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                          109.1Mi ±  0%    109.3Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                     299.0Mi ±  0%    298.9Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          27.36Ki ±  0%    27.35Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.502 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     31.36Ki ±  0%    31.37Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             30.61Ki ±  0%    30.62Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.660 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        34.89Ki ±  0%    34.91Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            57.84Ki ±  1%    57.90Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.855 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       62.23Ki ±  0%    62.25Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                        951.6Ki ±  0%    951.5Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                   1.055Mi ±  0%    1.055Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           1.242Mi ±  0%    1.243Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                      1.366Mi ±  0%    1.365Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                          3.813Mi ±  0%    3.807Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                     3.910Mi ±  1%    3.919Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                       19.01Mi ±  0%    19.02Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                  21.69Mi ±  0%    21.67Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                          25.27Mi ±  0%    25.19Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                     27.63Mi ±  0%    27.64Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                         77.30Mi ±  0%    76.24Mi ±  1%  -1.36% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                    267.0Mi ±  0%    267.0Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                             38.11Ki ±  0%    38.11Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.777 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        46.56Ki ±  1%    46.55Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                39.00Ki ±  0%    39.03Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.128 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16           52.59Ki ±  0%    52.58Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               48.35Ki ±  0%    48.34Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16          105.0Ki ±  0%    104.9Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                         249.5Ki ±  0%    249.5Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                    432.0Ki ±  0%    432.0Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16            338.3Ki ±  0%    338.3Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16       520.4Ki ±  1%    520.3Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16           1.225Mi ±  0%    1.225Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16      1.450Mi ±  0%    1.450Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                       4.139Mi ±  0%    4.138Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                  7.272Mi ±  0%    7.274Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16          5.934Mi ±  1%    5.945Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16     8.961Mi ±  0%    8.978Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16         23.47Mi ±  1%    23.39Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16    121.5Mi ±  0%    121.9Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                            39.04Ki ±  0%    39.01Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                       44.02Ki ±  0%    44.05Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                               40.22Ki ±  0%    40.22Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                          50.35Ki ±  0%    50.37Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                              49.41Ki ±  0%    49.42Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                         102.4Ki ±  0%    102.3Ki ±  1%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                        342.1Ki ±  0%    342.2Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                   478.6Ki ±  0%    478.5Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           454.9Ki ±  0%    454.8Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                      595.0Ki ±  0%    594.8Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                          1.305Mi ±  0%    1.304Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                     1.480Mi ±  0%    1.476Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                      5.910Mi ±  0%    5.909Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                 8.240Mi ±  0%    8.249Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                         8.025Mi ±  1%    8.031Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                    10.39Mi ±  1%    10.34Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                        25.19Mi ±  2%    25.06Mi ±  2%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                   122.6Mi ±  1%    122.8Mi ±  1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                25.02Ki ±  0%    25.01Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           32.63Ki ±  0%    32.56Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   27.62Ki ±  0%    27.60Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              35.15Ki ±  0%    35.12Ki ±  1%  -0.09% (p=0.011 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                  55.56Ki ±  0%    55.59Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.619 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             62.78Ki ±  0%    62.73Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                              691.0Ki ±  0%    690.8Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                         954.7Ki ±  0%    954.4Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                 953.2Ki ±  0%    955.0Ki ±  0%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16            1.188Mi ±  0%    1.188Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                3.597Mi ±  0%    3.596Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16           3.820Mi ±  1%    3.808Mi ±  0%  -0.30% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                             13.81Mi ±  0%    13.82Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        19.16Mi ±  0%    19.17Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                19.03Mi ±  0%    19.05Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16           24.04Mi ±  0%    24.04Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               73.04Mi ±  0%    73.01Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16          265.3Mi ±  0%    265.3Mi ±  0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
geomean                                                                                 1.168Mi          1.167Mi        -0.08%

                                                                                     │  main.txt   │     histogram_aggregations.txt      │
                                                                                     │  allocs/op  │  allocs/op   vs base                │
Query/a_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                       344.0 ± 0%    344.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                  372.0 ± 0%    372.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                          349.0 ± 0%    349.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                     382.0 ± 0%    382.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                         381.0 ± 0%    381.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                    414.0 ± 0%    414.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                    2.254k ± 0%   2.254k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                               2.289k ± 0%   2.289k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                       2.663k ± 0%   2.663k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                  2.702k ± 0%   2.702k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                      5.871k ± 0%   5.871k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                 5.909k ± 0%   5.909k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.708 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   38.84k ± 0%   38.84k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.182 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              38.90k ± 0%   38.90k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.740 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                      46.88k ± 0%   46.88k ± 0%  +0.01% (p=0.050 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                 46.92k ± 0%   46.92k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.617 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                     110.9k ± 0%   110.9k ± 0%  -0.02% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                110.9k ± 0%   111.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.513 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                      612.0 ± 0%    612.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/nh_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                 640.0 ± 0%    640.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                        1.686k ± 0%   1.685k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                   1.718k ± 0%   1.718k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                       10.76k ± 0%   10.76k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                  10.79k ± 0%   10.79k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.182 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   19.17k ± 0%   19.17k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.545 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              19.21k ± 0%   19.21k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.242 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                      120.1k ± 0%   120.1k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.123 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                 120.1k ± 0%   120.1k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                     1.027M ± 0%   1.027M ± 0%       ~ (p=0.506 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                1.027M ± 0%   1.027M ± 0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                  375.1k ± 0%   375.1k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.604 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                             375.7k ± 0%   375.7k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                     2.393M ± 0%   2.393M ± 0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                2.393M ± 0%   2.393M ± 0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                    20.54M ± 0%   20.54M ± 0%       ~ (p=0.669 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                               20.54M ± 0%   20.54M ± 0%       ~ (p=0.143 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   344.0 ± 0%    344.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              390.0 ± 0%    390.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                1.853k ± 0%   1.854k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                           1.913k ± 0%   1.913k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                               30.79k ± 0%   30.80k ± 0%  +0.01% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                          30.86k ± 0%   30.86k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.463 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                             353.0 ± 0%    353.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                        415.0 ± 0%    415.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                358.0 ± 0%    358.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                           425.0 ± 0%    425.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                               391.0 ± 0%    391.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                          458.0 ± 0%    458.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          1.863k ± 0%   1.863k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.545 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     2.330k ± 0%   2.330k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             2.269k ± 0%   2.269k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        2.742k ± 0%   2.742k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            5.584k ± 0%   5.587k ± 0%  +0.04% (p=0.019 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       6.056k ± 0%   6.056k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.935 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                         30.78k ± 0%   30.79k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.169 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                    38.88k ± 0%   38.88k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.727 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                            38.88k ± 0%   38.87k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.305 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                       46.96k ± 0%   46.96k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.697 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                           104.9k ± 0%   104.9k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                      113.0k ± 0%   113.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                              699.0 ± 0%    699.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                         767.0 ± 0%    767.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                           35.96k ± 0%   35.95k ± 0%  -0.04% (p=0.037 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                      36.43k ± 0%   36.43k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.848 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                          718.3k ± 0%   718.1k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                     732.4k ± 0%   732.3k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                             653.0 ± 0%    653.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                        731.0 ± 0%    730.5 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                656.0 ± 0%    656.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                           738.5 ± 0%    739.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=0.494 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                               686.5 ± 0%    686.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=0.621 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                          767.0 ± 0%    767.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=0.455 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          31.77k ± 0%   31.78k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.290 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     32.26k ± 0%   32.26k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.461 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             32.09k ± 0%   32.09k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.948 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        32.56k ± 0%   32.56k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            35.13k ± 0%   35.11k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.665 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       35.59k ± 0%   35.60k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.974 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                         628.1k ± 0%   628.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                    642.0k ± 0%   642.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                            639.9k ± 0%   639.9k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                       647.9k ± 0%   648.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.515 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                           700.2k ± 0%   700.2k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.513 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                      708.2k ± 0%   708.2k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                 681.0 ± 0%    681.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                            744.0 ± 0%    744.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                    690.0 ± 0%    690.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=0.455 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                               956.0 ± 0%    956.5 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                   754.0 ± 0%    754.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                             2.821k ± 0%   2.821k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                            5.303k ± 0%   5.302k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.567 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                       5.202k ± 0%   5.202k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.636 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                               6.119k ± 0%   6.118k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.242 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                          6.020k ± 0%   6.020k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.864 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                              12.54k ± 0%   12.54k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.647 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                         14.24k ± 0%   14.24k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.794 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          93.65k ± 0%   93.65k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.558 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     89.83k ± 0%   89.81k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.255 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             109.7k ± 0%   109.7k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.193 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        102.0k ± 0%   102.1k ± 0%  +0.03% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            237.8k ± 0%   237.8k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.333 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       245.9k ± 6%   245.9k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.461 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                                 1.365k ± 0%   1.365k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.455 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                            21.44k ± 0%   21.44k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                             72.65k ± 0%   72.67k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.056 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                        92.36k ± 0%   92.37k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.225 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                           1.447M ± 0%   1.446M ± 0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                      1.485M ± 0%   1.485M ± 0%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                             4.050k ± 0%   4.050k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        4.048k ± 0%   4.048k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                4.664k ± 0%   4.664k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16           4.715k ± 0%   4.715k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               9.482k ± 0%   9.481k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.708 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16          11.34k ± 0%   11.33k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.561 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                               58.67k ± 0%   58.67k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.669 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                          66.59k ± 0%   66.59k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.734 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                  68.03k ± 0%   68.02k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.524 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16             75.81k ± 0%   75.81k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.903 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                 137.3k ± 0%   137.3k ± 0%  -0.01% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16            173.7k ± 0%   173.7k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                22.03k ± 2%   22.03k ± 2%       ~ (p=0.513 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           43.30k ± 0%   43.30k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.387 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   23.87k ± 0%   23.87k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.742 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              49.56k ± 0%   49.56k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.091 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                  34.23k ± 1%   34.12k ± 1%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             115.5k ± 0%   115.5k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.452 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query/Mimir-16                                22.55k ± 2%   22.53k ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           43.25k ± 0%   43.25k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.779 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   23.87k ± 3%   23.88k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.738 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              49.51k ± 0%   49.51k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.221 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                  34.60k ± 1%   34.60k ± 3%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             115.4k ± 0%   115.4k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                  355.0 ± 0%    355.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                             398.0 ± 0%    398.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                     360.0 ± 0%    360.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                408.0 ± 0%    408.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                    392.0 ± 0%    392.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                               440.0 ± 0%    440.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                               2.265k ± 0%   2.265k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.545 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                          2.316k ± 0%   2.316k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                  2.673k ± 0%   2.673k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                             2.728k ± 0%   2.728k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                 5.880k ± 0%   5.880k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                            5.936k ± 0%   5.936k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.831 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                              38.86k ± 0%   38.86k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.084 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                         38.93k ± 0%   38.93k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.675 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                 46.88k ± 0%   46.88k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.052 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                            46.95k ± 0%   46.95k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.413 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                111.0k ± 0%   111.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.617 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                           111.0k ± 0%   111.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.727 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           462.0 ± 0%    462.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      511.0 ± 0%    511.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              487.0 ± 0%    487.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         541.0 ± 0%    541.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             680.0 ± 0%    680.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        733.0 ± 0%    733.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                        12.62k ± 0%   12.62k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.632 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                   12.69k ± 0%   12.69k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.316 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           15.04k ± 0%   15.04k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.113 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                      15.10k ± 0%   15.10k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.119 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                          34.29k ± 0%   34.29k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.193 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                     34.33k ± 0%   34.33k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.182 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                       246.4k ± 0%   246.4k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                  260.4k ± 1%   260.8k ± 2%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                          296.5k ± 0%   296.5k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                     293.5k ± 0%   293.5k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.509 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                         689.4k ± 0%   689.4k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                    707.6k ± 0%   707.6k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          468.0 ± 0%    468.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     519.0 ± 0%    519.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             492.0 ± 0%    492.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        549.0 ± 0%    549.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            685.0 ± 0%    685.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       742.0 ± 0%    742.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                       12.52k ± 0%   12.52k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.799 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                  12.58k ± 0%   12.58k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.662 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                          14.92k ± 0%   14.93k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.537 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                     14.99k ± 0%   14.99k ± 0%  +0.02% (p=0.011 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                         34.17k ± 0%   34.18k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.076 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                    34.22k ± 0%   34.22k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.974 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                      243.4k ± 0%   243.4k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.513 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                 256.0k ± 2%   254.8k ± 2%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                         291.4k ± 0%   291.4k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.258 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                    291.4k ± 0%   291.4k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.903 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                        677.7k ± 0%   675.9k ± 0%  -0.27% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                   701.6k ± 0%   701.6k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                             693.0 ± 0%    693.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        818.5 ± 0%    819.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                701.0 ± 0%    701.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16          1.031k ± 0%   1.031k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               767.0 ± 0%    767.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16         2.898k ± 0%   2.897k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.567 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                        4.515k ± 0%   4.515k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                   5.276k ± 0%   5.276k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16           5.329k ± 0%   5.329k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16      6.093k ± 0%   6.093k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.470 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16          11.96k ± 0%   11.96k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.361 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16     14.53k ± 0%   14.52k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.461 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                      77.60k ± 0%   77.60k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.723 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                 89.80k ± 0%   89.81k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.515 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16         93.69k ± 0%   93.70k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.981 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16    102.1k ± 0%   102.1k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.799 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16        225.9k ± 0%   225.9k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.121 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16   250.0k ± 0%   250.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.162 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                            692.0 ± 0%    691.5 ± 0%       ~ (p=0.182 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                       770.0 ± 0%    770.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                               701.0 ± 0%    701.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                          982.0 ± 0%    982.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                              765.0 ± 0%    765.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        2.847k ± 0%   2.847k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                       5.316k ± 0%   5.316k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                  5.229k ± 0%   5.228k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.545 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                          6.129k ± 0%   6.128k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.238 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                     6.046k ± 0%   6.046k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                         12.55k ± 0%   12.55k ± 0%  -0.02% (p=0.039 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                    14.27k ± 0%   14.26k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.130 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                     93.67k ± 0%   93.67k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.416 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                89.82k ± 0%   89.85k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.333 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                        109.7k ± 0%   109.7k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.905 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                   102.1k ± 0%   102.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.167 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                       237.9k ± 0%   238.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                  245.9k ± 0%   245.9k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                451.0 ± 0%    451.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           563.0 ± 0%    563.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   475.0 ± 0%    475.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=0.455 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              585.0 ± 0%    585.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                  674.0 ± 0%    674.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             784.0 ± 0%    784.0 ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6) ¹
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                             10.11k ± 0%   10.11k ± 0%  -0.01% (p=0.045 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        12.62k ± 0%   12.62k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.636 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                12.53k ± 0%   12.53k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.216 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16           15.03k ± 0%   15.03k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.080 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               32.39k ± 0%   32.38k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.121 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16          34.87k ± 0%   34.87k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.965 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                            195.0k ± 0%   195.0k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                       251.9k ± 1%   252.9k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16               243.4k ± 0%   243.4k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.413 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16          291.5k ± 0%   291.5k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16              641.7k ± 0%   641.7k ± 0%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16         713.8k ± 0%   713.8k ± 0%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
geomean                                                                                13.35k        13.35k       -0.00%
¹ all samples are equal

                                                                                     │   main.txt    │     histogram_aggregations.txt     │
                                                                                     │       B       │      B        vs base              │
Query/a_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                      72.94Ki ±  1%   73.54Ki ± 1%  +0.83% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                 74.50Ki ±  2%   73.62Ki ± 1%  -1.17% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                         73.00Ki ±  1%   73.13Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                    73.38Ki ±  1%   73.56Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.851 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                        69.50Ki ±  2%   71.38Ki ± 1%  +2.70% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                   71.31Ki ±  2%   71.21Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                    66.55Ki ±  1%   67.51Ki ± 1%  +1.45% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                               66.92Ki ±  1%   67.15Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.290 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                       67.17Ki ±  1%   67.27Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                  67.32Ki ±  1%   67.40Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.729 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                      70.03Ki ±  1%   69.63Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                 69.84Ki ±  2%   70.05Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   67.92Ki ±  2%   67.78Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              68.77Ki ±  1%   68.78Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                      77.16Ki ±  1%   76.87Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                 75.62Ki ±  1%   75.62Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.942 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                     135.5Ki ±  1%   135.3Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                135.1Ki ±  1%   135.4Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                     81.87Ki ±  2%   81.81Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                                82.57Ki ±  3%   81.88Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                        74.16Ki ±  2%   74.41Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                   74.34Ki ±  1%   74.59Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                       71.31Ki ±  1%   71.01Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                  71.73Ki ±  1%   71.73Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                   68.19Ki ±  0%   68.14Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                              68.44Ki ±  1%   68.37Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.461 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                      73.34Ki ±  0%   73.52Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.667 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                 73.60Ki ±  1%   73.38Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.558 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                     118.0Ki ±  0%   118.7Ki ± 0%  +0.61% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                                118.3Ki ±  0%   118.3Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                  70.04Ki ±  2%   70.37Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                             70.39Ki ±  2%   70.11Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                     174.6Ki ±  1%   175.1Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                                172.0Ki ±  1%   172.8Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                    698.0Ki ±  1%   719.3Ki ± 4%  +3.06% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                               713.5Ki ±  4%   724.8Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                  73.78Ki ±  4%   72.19Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.130 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                             73.32Ki ±  1%   73.75Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.734 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                67.20Ki ±  1%   67.51Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                           67.91Ki ±  1%   68.55Ki ± 1%  +0.94% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query/Mimir-16                                               70.06Ki ±  1%   70.37Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.420 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                          69.77Ki ±  1%   70.57Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                            72.96Ki ±  2%   72.58Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                       72.06Ki ±  1%   72.59Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.236 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                               72.25Ki ±  3%   72.04Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.513 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                          72.42Ki ±  1%   71.75Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.370 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                              70.25Ki ±  1%   70.09Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.913 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                         70.56Ki ±  2%   70.76Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.197 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          67.01Ki ±  1%   67.08Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     67.62Ki ±  1%   67.65Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             67.10Ki ±  1%   67.16Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        66.94Ki ±  1%   66.64Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            69.23Ki ±  1%   69.58Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       68.70Ki ±  1%   68.94Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.515 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                         68.62Ki ±  1%   68.88Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                    68.92Ki ±  1%   68.99Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                            76.38Ki ±  1%   76.50Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.675 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                       74.56Ki ±  2%   75.12Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.258 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                           129.3Ki ±  1%   129.3Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.777 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                      130.2Ki ±  1%   130.7Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.234 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                             69.38Ki ±  2%   68.56Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.381 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                        68.72Ki ±  1%   68.10Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                           106.0Ki ±  3%   108.6Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.126 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                      101.4Ki ±  5%   100.3Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                          426.6Ki ±  1%   426.5Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.996 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                     563.4Ki ±  5%   571.3Ki ± 6%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                            72.36Ki ±  1%   73.00Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.370 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                       68.00Ki ±  1%   68.46Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                               71.50Ki ±  1%   71.88Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                          67.86Ki ±  2%   68.05Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                              66.06Ki ±  5%   66.97Ki ± 5%       ~ (p=0.509 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                         67.01Ki ±  1%   66.83Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          72.31Ki ±  3%   72.25Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.701 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     71.54Ki ±  3%   71.95Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             71.54Ki ±  4%   70.94Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.418 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        70.80Ki ±  1%   70.50Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.615 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            67.12Ki ±  6%   67.55Ki ± 5%       ~ (p=0.665 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       65.94Ki ±  1%   66.31Ki ± 5%       ~ (p=0.513 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                         78.12Ki ±  3%   78.75Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                    78.06Ki ±  3%   77.81Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                            80.56Ki ±  3%   80.50Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.786 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                       80.62Ki ±  1%   80.69Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                           113.9Ki ±  3%   111.8Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                      112.7Ki ±  2%   113.9Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.556 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                72.06Ki ±  1%   72.00Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.788 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                           72.76Ki ±  2%   72.24Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.777 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                   71.88Ki ±  2%   72.31Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.335 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                              71.56Ki ±  2%   71.06Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.368 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                  70.25Ki ±  1%   69.88Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.608 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                             69.03Ki ±  2%   68.41Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                            67.03Ki ±  2%   67.00Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                       67.10Ki ±  2%   67.58Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                               67.19Ki ±  1%   67.77Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                          68.12Ki ±  2%   68.15Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                              70.09Ki ±  1%   70.60Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.145 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                         74.38Ki ±  3%   75.48Ki ± 2%  +1.49% (p=0.024 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          70.06Ki ±  2%   70.84Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.126 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     69.88Ki ±  2%   69.46Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             79.25Ki ±  1%   79.94Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.102 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        92.62Ki ±  2%   92.88Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.584 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            142.5Ki ±  0%   142.4Ki ± 0%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       157.1Ki ± 32%   156.6Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.500 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                                 70.08Ki ±  1%   70.09Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                            68.99Ki ±  1%   69.07Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                             119.4Ki ±  7%   113.1Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.058 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                        142.6Ki ±  2%   140.6Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.777 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Mimir-16                           460.6Ki ±  2%   459.1Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps/Prometheus-16                      1.565Mi ±  3%   1.583Mi ± 2%       ~ (p=0.370 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query/Mimir-16                             66.76Ki ±  2%   67.77Ki ± 1%  +1.51% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        66.82Ki ±  1%   67.51Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                66.58Ki ±  1%   67.00Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16           67.63Ki ±  1%   67.65Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.974 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               68.44Ki ±  1%   68.54Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.981 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16          71.65Ki ±  1%   72.25Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.102 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                               69.75Ki ±  2%   70.29Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                          69.76Ki ±  3%   70.32Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                  74.85Ki ±  2%   75.21Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16             83.75Ki ±  1%   83.69Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.797 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                 110.6Ki ±  2%   110.5Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.669 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16            160.9Ki ±  0%   160.7Ki ± 0%       ~ (p=0.639 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Mimir-16                                69.10Ki ±  1%   69.90Ki ± 1%  +1.15% (p=0.017 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           68.02Ki ±  1%   68.38Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.258 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   69.32Ki ±  2%   69.81Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              75.01Ki ±  1%   76.26Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                  76.75Ki ±  4%   77.74Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.734 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             126.5Ki ±  2%   127.4Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query/Mimir-16                                69.56Ki ±  1%   69.27Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query/Prometheus-16                           67.78Ki ±  2%   68.91Ki ± 1%  +1.68% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                   69.61Ki ±  2%   70.69Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16              75.92Ki ±  1%   75.85Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                  79.19Ki ±  3%   78.75Ki ± 5%       ~ (p=0.846 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16             129.8Ki ±  1%   128.9Ki ± 5%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                                 72.31Ki ±  2%   73.52Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.126 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                            73.21Ki ±  1%   74.04Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                    72.05Ki ±  1%   72.84Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                               72.69Ki ±  2%   74.04Ki ± 1%  +1.86% (p=0.039 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                   70.12Ki ±  1%   69.75Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.197 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                              70.94Ki ±  2%   71.12Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.465 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                               66.76Ki ±  1%   66.89Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                          67.12Ki ±  1%   67.62Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.169 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                  66.80Ki ±  1%   66.88Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.515 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                             67.32Ki ±  1%   67.92Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                 66.33Ki ±  1%   66.66Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                            69.49Ki ±  2%   69.76Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                              67.43Ki ±  1%   67.88Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                         68.36Ki ±  1%   69.19Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                                 67.81Ki ±  3%   67.53Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.814 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                            75.78Ki ±  2%   75.74Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                                70.53Ki ±  1%   70.74Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                           129.8Ki ±  2%   129.1Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                          70.75Ki ±  2%   69.94Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.383 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                     70.44Ki ±  1%   70.75Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.513 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                             69.54Ki ±  1%   69.31Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                        69.88Ki ±  1%   70.50Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.063 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                            67.55Ki ±  1%   67.75Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.370 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                       68.55Ki ±  1%   68.54Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.974 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                        66.56Ki ±  1%   67.14Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                   67.31Ki ±  1%   68.06Ki ± 1%  +1.12% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                           67.26Ki ±  1%   67.82Ki ± 1%  +0.84% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                      69.69Ki ±  1%   70.29Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                          71.81Ki ±  2%   72.19Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.565 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                     92.00Ki ±  1%   91.37Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                       72.53Ki ±  2%   72.41Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                  73.31Ki ±  1%   73.35Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                          79.42Ki ±  1%   79.39Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                     121.2Ki ±  0%   121.1Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.197 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                         108.8Ki ±  4%   107.8Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.558 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                    299.1Ki ±  0%   299.5Ki ± 0%       ~ (p=0.329 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                         70.10Ki ±  2%   69.75Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                    70.03Ki ±  1%   70.81Ki ± 1%  +1.11% (p=0.043 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                            69.42Ki ±  1%   69.44Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.898 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                       70.31Ki ±  1%   69.50Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.119 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                           67.25Ki ±  2%   67.81Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.286 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                      67.64Ki ±  1%   68.29Ki ± 1%  +0.97% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                       66.80Ki ±  1%   66.59Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                  67.43Ki ±  2%   67.39Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                          67.09Ki ±  1%   67.37Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.258 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                     69.40Ki ±  1%   69.48Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                         68.94Ki ±  1%   69.88Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.087 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                    87.81Ki ±  2%   87.99Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                      70.61Ki ±  1%   71.94Ki ± 2%  +1.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                 73.08Ki ±  3%   73.90Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                         71.09Ki ±  1%   71.34Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                    114.3Ki ±  0%   115.2Ki ± 1%  +0.79% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                        72.28Ki ±  2%   74.46Ki ± 5%       ~ (p=0.061 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                   266.2Ki ±  0%   266.4Ki ± 0%       ~ (p=0.366 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                            72.57Ki ±  1%   73.34Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                       70.50Ki ±  3%   71.98Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.455 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16               71.68Ki ±  2%   71.50Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16          71.50Ki ±  2%   71.12Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.548 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16              69.88Ki ±  2%   70.09Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.675 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16         68.72Ki ±  3%   69.05Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                        67.26Ki ±  1%   67.93Ki ± 1%  +0.99% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                   67.07Ki ±  1%   67.26Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16           67.00Ki ±  2%   67.12Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16      68.16Ki ±  1%   68.46Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16          70.10Ki ±  1%   70.04Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16     74.38Ki ±  1%   74.00Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.732 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Mimir-16                      69.27Ki ±  2%   69.80Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.288 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                 69.85Ki ±  1%   69.80Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16         78.67Ki ±  2%   79.50Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16    91.23Ki ±  2%   90.64Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.290 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16        131.4Ki ±  1%   142.1Ki ± 7%  +8.16% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16   155.9Ki ±  0%   156.6Ki ± 1%  +0.43% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                           71.39Ki ±  1%   73.05Ki ± 1%  +2.31% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                      72.06Ki ±  2%   72.75Ki ± 2%  +0.95% (p=0.022 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                              71.54Ki ±  3%   72.96Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                         71.06Ki ±  1%   71.43Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.550 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                             70.00Ki ±  1%   70.19Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.524 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                        69.16Ki ±  2%   69.19Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                       66.75Ki ±  1%   67.70Ki ± 1%  +1.42% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                  67.12Ki ±  0%   67.58Ki ± 1%  +0.70% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                          66.78Ki ±  1%   67.34Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                     67.93Ki ±  1%   68.39Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                         66.80Ki ±  2%   67.38Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.173 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                    73.62Ki ±  2%   75.46Ki ± 3%  +2.50% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query/Mimir-16                                     69.41Ki ±  2%   70.63Ki ± 1%  +1.75% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                                70.06Ki ±  1%   70.49Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                        70.37Ki ±  1%   70.04Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16                   92.58Ki ±  3%   93.56Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.851 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                       79.66Ki ±  2%   78.65Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16                  157.5Ki ±  1%   156.9Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.667 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                               70.74Ki ±  1%   71.80Ki ± 1%  +1.50% (p=0.017 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                          70.65Ki ±  2%   70.69Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                  69.79Ki ±  1%   70.88Ki ± 1%  +1.56% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16             69.92Ki ±  2%   69.96Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.894 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16                 67.18Ki ±  1%   68.18Ki ± 2%  +1.48% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16            67.12Ki ±  1%   67.62Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.372 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                             67.60Ki ±  1%   67.74Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                        67.48Ki ±  1%   67.65Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16                66.70Ki ±  1%   66.76Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16           68.69Ki ±  2%   68.84Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16               69.10Ki ±  1%   69.52Ki ± 3%       ~ (p=0.457 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16          87.42Ki ±  1%   87.36Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.905 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query/Mimir-16                            72.61Ki ±  1%   73.01Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query/Prometheus-16                       73.98Ki ±  2%   73.79Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Mimir-16               70.38Ki ±  1%   71.27Ki ± 1%  +1.27% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps/Prometheus-16          115.3Ki ±  1%   113.1Ki ± 1%  -1.88% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Mimir-16              71.19Ki ±  3%   72.17Ki ± 2%       ~ (p=0.084 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps/Prometheus-16         266.1Ki ±  1%   266.4Ki ± 1%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
geomean                                                                                81.98Ki         82.26Ki       +0.35%

Benchmark from this branch comparing the two engines:

goos: linux
goarch: amd64
pkg: github.com/grafana/mimir/pkg/streamingpromql/benchmarks
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-1270P
                                                                       │      Prometheus      │                Mimir                 │
                                                                       │        sec/op        │    sec/op      vs base               │
Query/a_1,_instant_query                                                         152.5µ ±  4%    149.0µ ±  2%   -2.34% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                            209.3µ ±  5%    204.5µ ± 19%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                           317.0µ ±  2%    310.4µ ±  3%   -2.10% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query                                                       1.237m ±  1%    1.225m ±  1%   -0.98% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                          2.308m ±  3%    2.039m ±  2%  -11.64% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                         9.675m ±  2%    9.598m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query                                                      19.13m ±  2%    18.69m ±  4%   -2.31% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                         32.99m ±  1%    32.88m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        159.1m ±  1%    156.8m ±  2%   -1.48% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query                                                        261.6µ ±  3%    256.3µ ±  7%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                           347.1µ ±  2%    341.3µ ±  1%   -1.67% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                          917.2µ ± 12%   1040.4µ ±  2%  +13.43% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query                                                      2.748m ±  1%    2.751m ±  2%        ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                         9.066m ±  2%    8.942m ± 10%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        57.07m ±  2%    56.97m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query                                                     48.26m ±  2%    47.74m ±  1%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                        151.0m ±  1%    150.3m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        1.321 ±  1%     1.315 ±  1%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query                                                     220.5µ ±  3%    208.7µ ±  8%   -5.36% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query                                                   711.5µ ±  2%    634.1µ ±  3%  -10.88% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query                                                  8.030m ±  1%    7.014m ±  1%  -12.65% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query                                               224.4µ ±  4%    207.4µ ±  3%   -7.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                  257.4µ ±  2%    230.7µ ±  3%  -10.36% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 458.6µ ±  3%    370.0µ ±  1%  -19.31% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query                                             812.4µ ±  1%    624.8µ ±  6%  -23.09% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                2.664m ±  3%    1.829m ±  2%  -31.33% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               17.33m ± 25%    11.22m ± 26%  -35.27% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query                                            9.706m ±  4%    6.987m ±  6%  -28.01% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                               40.29m ±  2%    26.53m ±  4%  -34.14% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              283.2m ±  1%    182.2m ±  2%  -35.68% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                                2.268m ±  3%    1.696m ±  4%  -25.22% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                             143.28m ±  1%    93.32m ±  1%  -34.87% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                              3.046 ±  1%     1.893 ±  1%  -37.85% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query                                               1.675m ±  2%    1.302m ±  2%  -22.24% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                  2.468m ±  2%    1.894m ±  3%  -23.25% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 8.288m ±  5%    6.433m ±  2%  -22.38% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query                                             72.47m ±  2%    62.90m ±  1%  -13.20% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                117.8m ± 12%    111.2m ±  1%   -5.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               606.0m ±  2%    518.4m ±  3%  -14.47% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query                                           1172.6m ±  4%    981.9m ±  2%  -16.26% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                2.248 ±  2%     1.861 ±  3%  -17.20% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              12.242 ± 10%     9.778 ±  4%  -20.12% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query                                                   446.3µ ±  2%    434.1µ ±  7%   -2.74% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                      519.0µ ±  3%    462.0µ ±  4%  -10.97% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                    1082.8µ ±  2%    727.7µ ±  1%  -32.79% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query                                               2.200m ± 29%    2.783m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                  5.968m ±  3%    3.715m ±  2%  -37.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 38.64m ±  4%    16.50m ±  3%  -57.30% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                             41.09m ±  2%    38.69m ± 21%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                               128.87m ±  3%    70.11m ±  3%  -45.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                              1023.6m ±  2%    327.2m ±  2%  -68.03% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps                                    5.781m ±  2%    2.918m ±  1%  -49.52% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps                                385.8m ±  2%    156.5m ±  1%  -59.44% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps                               8.502 ±  9%     3.112 ±  1%  -63.40% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query                                2.781m ± 17%    2.172m ±  2%  -21.90% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                   5.775m ±  1%    4.325m ±  3%  -25.11% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                  31.20m ±  3%    17.24m ±  2%  -44.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                  30.66m ±  3%    26.54m ±  5%  -13.43% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                     85.86m ±  1%    44.43m ±  2%  -48.26% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                    604.8m ±  1%    204.3m ±  3%  -66.23% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                   20.29m ±  4%    11.99m ±  5%  -40.91% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                      47.55m ±  2%    17.69m ±  1%  -62.80% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                    293.65m ±  4%    71.33m ±  2%  -75.71% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query                                   19.54m ±  2%    12.15m ±  7%  -37.86% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps                      38.47m ±  2%    17.63m ±  1%  -54.17% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps                    175.73m ±  4%    70.03m ± 26%  -60.15% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query                                                    165.0µ ±  3%    158.2µ ±  1%   -4.11% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                       185.4µ ±  2%    170.7µ ±  3%   -7.93% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                      445.9µ ±  3%    400.3µ ± 22%  -10.23% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query                                                  1.433m ±  2%    1.426m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                                     2.365m ±  1%    2.338m ±  1%   -1.16% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                   10.168m ±  3%    9.989m ±  3%   -1.76% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query                                                 19.33m ±  3%    18.79m ±  3%   -2.80% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                                    34.91m ±  5%    33.60m ±  3%   -3.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                   182.0m ±  2%    165.4m ±  1%   -9.08% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query                                             314.8µ ±  3%    307.9µ ±  5%   -2.19% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                390.9µ ±  1%    373.9µ ±  2%   -4.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               937.2µ ± 12%    973.6µ ±  1%        ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query                                           5.293m ±  1%    5.124m ±  2%   -3.19% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                             12.435m ± 15%    9.606m ±  2%  -22.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                             60.30m ±  2%    55.41m ±  3%   -8.12% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query                                          118.8m ±  4%    117.0m ±  2%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                             215.4m ±  2%    203.6m ±  2%   -5.51% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                             1.343 ±  2%     1.045 ±  2%  -22.18% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query                                            319.5µ ±  2%    305.1µ ±  8%   -4.50% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                               408.3µ ±  3%    374.6µ ±  2%   -8.26% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                             1130.6µ ±  2%    977.4µ ±  2%  -13.55% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query                                          6.682m ±  3%    6.490m ±  2%   -2.87% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                             11.82m ±  3%    11.42m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            56.60m ± 19%    52.56m ±  3%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query                                         88.22m ±  2%    84.79m ±  3%   -3.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                            179.1m ±  4%    168.0m ±  4%   -6.19% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                          1311.8m ±  2%    953.4m ± 12%  -27.33% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query                               451.0µ ±  2%    422.4µ ±  2%   -6.33% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                  538.8µ ±  2%    457.4µ ±  4%  -15.10% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                1200.1µ ±  1%    760.8µ ±  3%  -36.60% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query                           1.742m ±  1%    1.360m ±  2%  -21.94% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps              7.518m ±  1%    3.813m ±  2%  -49.28% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps             53.99m ±  1%    21.29m ±  2%  -60.57% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query                         20.95m ± 24%    15.26m ±  3%  -27.17% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps           117.72m ±  4%    43.38m ±  2%  -63.15% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps          1041.4m ±  6%    322.7m ±  6%  -69.01% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query                                              326.7µ ±  2%    314.4µ ±  4%   -3.78% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                 551.1µ ± 15%    337.9µ ±  2%  -38.69% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               1167.1µ ± 62%    755.9µ ±  3%  -35.24% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query                                          2.478m ±  2%    2.890m ± 13%  +16.63% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                             6.389m ±  3%    4.104m ±  2%  -35.75% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            38.45m ±  3%    17.35m ±  4%  -54.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query                                        35.13m ±  2%    34.41m ±  2%   -2.05% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                          129.69m ±  2%    70.20m ±  3%  -45.87% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                         1065.5m ±  1%    339.2m ±  1%  -68.16% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query                                  240.4µ ±  4%    219.6µ ± 15%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                     386.5µ ±  4%    298.5µ ±  4%  -22.79% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                   1421.1µ ±  1%    953.8µ ±  3%  -32.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query                                3.712m ± 12%    2.380m ±  3%  -35.88% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                  13.971m ±  1%    9.365m ±  2%  -32.97% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                  96.62m ±  1%    62.15m ±  1%  -35.68% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query                               60.86m ±  2%    44.37m ±  7%  -27.11% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                  257.3m ±  1%    168.7m ±  3%  -34.43% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                  1.831 ± 15%     1.208 ±  3%  -34.04% (p=0.002 n=6)
geomean                                                                          12.56m          9.440m        -24.84%

                                                                       │      Prometheus      │                 Mimir                 │
                                                                       │         B/op         │      B/op       vs base               │
Query/a_1,_instant_query                                                         20.77Ki ± 0%    19.53Ki ±  0%   -5.96% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                            21.58Ki ± 1%    20.09Ki ±  0%   -6.93% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                           26.40Ki ± 1%    24.69Ki ±  0%   -6.48% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query                                                       169.7Ki ± 0%    153.7Ki ±  0%   -9.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                          222.6Ki ± 0%    210.7Ki ±  0%   -5.36% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                         658.0Ki ± 0%    648.3Ki ±  0%   -1.48% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query                                                      3.016Mi ± 0%    2.690Mi ±  0%  -10.81% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                         3.963Mi ± 0%    3.789Mi ±  2%   -4.40% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        12.33Mi ± 0%    12.14Mi ±  1%   -1.60% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query                                                        37.13Ki ± 0%    35.88Ki ±  0%   -3.37% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                           88.60Ki ± 0%    87.22Ki ±  0%   -1.56% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                          519.9Ki ± 0%    519.2Ki ±  0%   -0.14% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query                                                      940.3Ki ± 0%    923.9Ki ±  0%   -1.74% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                         5.569Mi ± 0%    5.565Mi ±  0%   -0.06% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        47.49Mi ± 0%    47.51Mi ±  0%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query                                                     17.76Mi ± 0%    17.46Mi ±  0%   -1.69% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                        111.6Mi ± 0%    111.4Mi ±  0%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                       977.0Mi ± 0%    977.1Mi ±  0%        ~ (p=0.589 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query                                                     21.65Ki ± 1%    19.20Ki ±  0%  -11.32% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query                                                   133.4Ki ± 0%    111.1Ki ±  0%  -16.71% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query                                                  2.291Mi ± 0%    1.911Mi ±  0%  -16.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query                                               22.57Ki ± 1%    19.44Ki ±  0%  -13.86% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                  23.44Ki ± 1%    19.88Ki ±  0%  -15.16% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 28.34Ki ± 1%    24.53Ki ±  0%  -13.44% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query                                             151.9Ki ± 0%    110.8Ki ±  0%  -27.08% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                192.5Ki ± 0%    154.8Ki ±  0%  -19.60% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               648.5Ki ± 1%    613.8Ki ±  1%   -5.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query                                            2.615Mi ± 0%    1.839Mi ±  1%  -29.68% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                               3.383Mi ± 0%    2.745Mi ±  1%  -18.85% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              12.09Mi ± 1%    11.50Mi ±  0%   -4.85% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                                86.73Ki ± 4%    73.13Ki ±  3%  -15.67% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                              5.246Mi ± 3%    5.031Mi ±  1%   -4.11% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                            1069.5Mi ± 0%    600.0Mi ±  0%  -43.90% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query                                              672.69Ki ± 2%    74.93Ki ±  6%  -88.86% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                 670.13Ki ± 1%    75.07Ki ±  6%  -88.80% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                634.76Ki ± 1%    67.18Ki ± 20%  -89.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query                                             5.259Mi ± 3%    4.747Mi ±  2%   -9.73% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                5.270Mi ± 3%    4.791Mi ±  2%   -9.10% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               5.900Mi ± 6%    5.213Mi ±  9%  -11.65% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query                                            90.48Mi ± 1%    87.68Mi ±  0%   -3.09% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                               94.10Mi ± 1%    93.61Mi ±  1%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              129.0Mi ± 0%    127.8Mi ±  1%   -0.88% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query                                                   42.52Ki ± 1%    38.40Ki ±  0%   -9.69% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                      49.03Ki ± 1%    39.50Ki ±  0%  -19.45% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                    100.92Ki ± 0%    48.57Ki ±  0%  -51.87% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query                                               473.8Ki ± 0%    340.1Ki ±  0%  -28.21% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                  585.7Ki ± 0%    454.2Ki ±  0%  -22.46% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 1.470Mi ± 0%    1.299Mi ±  0%  -11.65% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                             8.183Mi ± 0%    5.936Mi ±  0%  -27.45% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                               10.221Mi ± 1%    8.096Mi ±  1%  -20.79% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                              122.54Mi ± 0%    24.80Mi ±  0%  -79.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps                                    688.2Ki ± 2%    144.9Ki ±  2%  -78.94% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps                                10.78Mi ± 1%    10.01Mi ±  1%   -7.11% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps                             3107.9Mi ± 0%    700.3Mi ±  0%  -77.47% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query                                373.6Ki ± 0%    258.5Ki ±  0%  -30.79% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                   455.8Ki ± 0%    341.3Ki ±  0%  -25.12% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                 1159.6Ki ± 0%   1001.2Ki ±  1%  -13.66% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                  6.155Mi ± 0%    3.986Mi ±  0%  -35.25% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                     7.703Mi ± 0%    5.439Mi ±  1%  -29.40% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                    20.93Mi ± 1%    16.46Mi ±  0%  -21.36% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                   4.252Mi ± 0%    1.747Mi ±  6%  -58.91% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                      5.321Mi ± 0%    2.192Mi ±  0%  -58.80% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                    13.949Mi ± 0%    5.802Mi ±  4%  -58.40% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query                                   3.632Mi ± 0%    1.845Mi ±  3%  -49.20% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps                      4.703Mi ± 0%    2.193Mi ±  0%  -53.37% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps                    13.126Mi ± 1%    6.057Mi ± 11%  -53.85% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query                                                    21.81Ki ± 1%    20.17Ki ±  0%   -7.55% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                       22.72Ki ± 1%    20.75Ki ±  0%   -8.67% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                      27.55Ki ± 1%    25.43Ki ±  0%   -7.72% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query                                                  174.1Ki ± 0%    155.3Ki ±  0%  -10.81% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                                     231.1Ki ± 0%    211.8Ki ±  0%   -8.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                    667.6Ki ± 0%    652.6Ki ±  1%   -2.24% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query                                                 3.082Mi ± 0%    2.677Mi ±  0%  -13.14% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                                    4.108Mi ± 1%    3.716Mi ±  0%   -9.53% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                   12.49Mi ± 1%    12.22Mi ±  1%   -2.22% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query                                             29.83Ki ± 0%    27.17Ki ±  0%   -8.90% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                33.54Ki ± 0%    30.45Ki ±  0%   -9.21% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               60.75Ki ± 0%    57.78Ki ±  0%   -4.90% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query                                          1118.8Ki ± 0%    980.2Ki ±  1%  -12.39% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                              1.401Mi ± 0%    1.273Mi ±  0%   -9.17% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                             3.945Mi ± 1%    3.837Mi ±  0%   -2.74% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query                                          22.52Mi ± 0%    19.57Mi ±  0%  -13.06% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                             28.33Mi ± 0%    27.50Mi ±  2%   -2.93% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            298.9Mi ± 0%    109.3Mi ±  0%  -63.43% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query                                            31.37Ki ± 0%    27.35Ki ±  0%  -12.81% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                               34.91Ki ± 0%    30.62Ki ±  0%  -12.28% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              62.25Ki ± 0%    57.90Ki ±  0%   -6.99% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query                                         1080.6Ki ± 0%    951.5Ki ±  0%  -11.95% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                             1.365Mi ± 0%    1.243Mi ±  0%   -8.92% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            3.919Mi ± 1%    3.807Mi ±  0%   -2.86% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query                                         21.67Mi ± 0%    19.02Mi ±  0%  -12.25% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                            27.64Mi ± 0%    25.19Mi ±  0%   -8.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                          266.97Mi ± 0%    76.24Mi ±  1%  -71.44% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query                               46.55Ki ± 0%    38.11Ki ±  0%  -18.14% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                  52.58Ki ± 0%    39.03Ki ±  0%  -25.77% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                104.87Ki ± 0%    48.34Ki ±  0%  -53.91% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query                           432.0Ki ± 0%    249.5Ki ±  0%  -42.24% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps              520.3Ki ± 0%    338.3Ki ±  0%  -34.99% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps             1.450Mi ± 0%    1.225Mi ±  0%  -15.51% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query                         7.274Mi ± 0%    4.138Mi ±  0%  -43.11% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps            8.978Mi ± 0%    5.945Mi ±  1%  -33.78% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps          121.91Mi ± 1%    23.39Mi ±  1%  -80.81% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query                                              44.05Ki ± 0%    39.01Ki ±  0%  -11.44% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                 50.37Ki ± 1%    40.22Ki ±  0%  -20.16% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               102.33Ki ± 1%    49.42Ki ±  0%  -51.70% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query                                          478.5Ki ± 0%    342.2Ki ±  0%  -28.49% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                             594.8Ki ± 0%    454.8Ki ±  0%  -23.55% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            1.476Mi ± 0%    1.304Mi ±  0%  -11.66% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query                                        8.249Mi ± 0%    5.909Mi ±  0%  -28.36% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                          10.338Mi ± 0%    8.031Mi ±  1%  -22.31% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                         122.82Mi ± 1%    25.06Mi ±  2%  -79.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query                                  32.56Ki ± 0%    25.01Ki ±  0%  -23.20% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                     35.12Ki ± 1%    27.60Ki ±  0%  -21.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                    62.73Ki ± 0%    55.59Ki ±  0%  -11.39% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query                                954.4Ki ± 0%    690.8Ki ±  0%  -27.62% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                  1216.2Ki ± 0%    955.0Ki ±  0%  -21.48% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                  3.808Mi ± 0%    3.596Mi ±  0%   -5.57% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query                               19.17Mi ± 0%    13.82Mi ±  0%  -27.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                  24.04Mi ± 0%    19.05Mi ±  0%  -20.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                265.31Mi ± 0%    73.01Mi ±  0%  -72.48% (p=0.002 n=6)
geomean                                                                          1.383Mi        1007.6Ki        -28.88%

                                                                       │      Prometheus      │               Mimir                │
                                                                       │      allocs/op       │  allocs/op   vs base               │
Query/a_1,_instant_query                                                           372.0 ± 0%    344.0 ± 0%   -7.53% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                              382.0 ± 0%    349.0 ± 0%   -8.64% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                             414.0 ± 0%    381.0 ± 0%   -7.97% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query                                                        2.289k ± 0%   2.254k ± 0%   -1.53% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                           2.702k ± 0%   2.663k ± 0%   -1.46% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                          5.909k ± 0%   5.871k ± 0%   -0.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query                                                       38.90k ± 0%   38.84k ± 0%   -0.14% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                          46.92k ± 0%   46.88k ± 0%        ~ (p=0.063 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                         111.0k ± 0%   110.9k ± 0%   -0.05% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query                                                          640.0 ± 0%    612.0 ± 0%   -4.37% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                            1.718k ± 0%   1.685k ± 0%   -1.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                           10.79k ± 0%   10.76k ± 0%   -0.29% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query                                                       19.21k ± 0%   19.17k ± 0%   -0.19% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                          120.1k ± 0%   120.1k ± 0%   -0.03% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                         1.027M ± 0%   1.027M ± 0%   -0.00% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query                                                      375.7k ± 0%   375.1k ± 0%   -0.17% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                         2.393M ± 0%   2.393M ± 0%   -0.02% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        20.54M ± 0%   20.54M ± 0%        ~ (p=0.900 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query                                                       390.0 ± 0%    344.0 ± 0%  -11.79% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query                                                    1.913k ± 0%   1.854k ± 0%   -3.08% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query                                                   30.86k ± 0%   30.80k ± 0%   -0.20% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query                                                 415.0 ± 0%    353.0 ± 0%  -14.94% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                    425.0 ± 0%    358.0 ± 0%  -15.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                   458.0 ± 0%    391.0 ± 0%  -14.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query                                              2.330k ± 0%   1.863k ± 0%  -20.06% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                 2.742k ± 0%   2.269k ± 0%  -17.25% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                6.056k ± 0%   5.587k ± 0%   -7.75% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query                                             38.88k ± 0%   30.79k ± 0%  -20.82% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                46.96k ± 0%   38.87k ± 0%  -17.23% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               113.0k ± 0%   104.9k ± 0%   -7.14% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                                  767.0 ± 0%    699.0 ± 0%   -8.87% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                               36.43k ± 0%   35.95k ± 0%   -1.31% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                              732.3k ± 0%   718.1k ± 0%   -1.95% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query                                                 730.5 ± 0%    653.0 ± 0%  -10.61% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                    739.0 ± 0%    656.0 ± 0%  -11.23% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                   767.0 ± 0%    686.0 ± 0%  -10.56% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query                                              32.26k ± 0%   31.78k ± 0%   -1.49% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                 32.56k ± 0%   32.09k ± 0%   -1.44% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                35.60k ± 0%   35.11k ± 0%   -1.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query                                             642.0k ± 0%   628.0k ± 0%   -2.18% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                648.0k ± 0%   639.9k ± 0%   -1.25% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               708.2k ± 0%   700.2k ± 0%   -1.13% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query                                                     744.0 ± 0%    681.0 ± 0%   -8.47% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                        956.5 ± 0%    690.0 ± 0%  -27.86% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                      2821.0 ± 0%    754.0 ± 0%  -73.27% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query                                                5.202k ± 0%   5.302k ± 0%   +1.92% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                   6.020k ± 0%   6.118k ± 0%   +1.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                  14.24k ± 0%   12.54k ± 0%  -11.94% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                              89.81k ± 0%   93.65k ± 0%   +4.28% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                 102.1k ± 0%   109.7k ± 0%   +7.47% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                245.9k ± 0%   237.8k ± 0%   -3.27% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps                                    21.436k ± 0%   1.365k ± 0%  -93.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps                                 92.37k ± 0%   72.67k ± 0%  -21.33% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps                               1.485M ± 0%   1.446M ± 0%   -2.57% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query                                 4.048k ± 0%   4.050k ± 0%   +0.05% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                    4.715k ± 0%   4.664k ± 0%   -1.08% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                  11.334k ± 0%   9.481k ± 0%  -16.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                   66.59k ± 0%   58.67k ± 0%  -11.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                      75.81k ± 0%   68.02k ± 0%  -10.27% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                     173.7k ± 0%   137.3k ± 0%  -20.98% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                    43.30k ± 0%   22.03k ± 2%  -49.12% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                       49.56k ± 0%   23.87k ± 0%  -51.84% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                     115.46k ± 0%   34.12k ± 1%  -70.45% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query                                    43.25k ± 0%   22.53k ± 1%  -47.90% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps                       49.51k ± 0%   23.88k ± 0%  -51.77% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps                     115.38k ± 0%   34.60k ± 3%  -70.01% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query                                                      398.0 ± 0%    355.0 ± 0%  -10.80% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                         408.0 ± 0%    360.0 ± 0%  -11.76% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        440.0 ± 0%    392.0 ± 0%  -10.91% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query                                                   2.316k ± 0%   2.265k ± 0%   -2.18% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                                      2.728k ± 0%   2.673k ± 0%   -2.02% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                     5.936k ± 0%   5.880k ± 0%   -0.93% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query                                                  38.93k ± 0%   38.86k ± 0%   -0.18% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                                     46.95k ± 0%   46.88k ± 0%   -0.15% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                    111.0k ± 0%   111.0k ± 0%   -0.04% (p=0.006 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query                                               511.0 ± 0%    462.0 ± 0%   -9.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                  541.0 ± 0%    487.0 ± 0%   -9.98% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 733.0 ± 0%    680.0 ± 0%   -7.23% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query                                            12.69k ± 0%   12.62k ± 0%   -0.51% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                               15.10k ± 0%   15.04k ± 0%   -0.43% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              34.33k ± 0%   34.29k ± 0%   -0.12% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query                                           260.8k ± 2%   246.4k ± 0%   -5.54% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                              293.5k ± 0%   296.5k ± 0%   +1.02% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                             707.6k ± 0%   689.4k ± 0%   -2.58% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query                                              519.0 ± 0%    468.0 ± 0%   -9.83% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                 549.0 ± 0%    492.0 ± 0%  -10.38% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                742.0 ± 0%    685.0 ± 0%   -7.68% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query                                           12.58k ± 0%   12.52k ± 0%   -0.49% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                              14.99k ± 0%   14.93k ± 0%   -0.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                             34.22k ± 0%   34.18k ± 0%   -0.13% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query                                          254.8k ± 2%   243.4k ± 0%   -4.48% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                             291.4k ± 0%   291.4k ± 0%        ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            701.6k ± 0%   675.9k ± 0%   -3.66% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query                                 819.0 ± 0%    693.0 ± 0%  -15.38% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                   1031.0 ± 0%    701.0 ± 0%  -32.01% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                  2897.0 ± 0%    767.0 ± 0%  -73.52% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query                            5.276k ± 0%   4.515k ± 0%  -14.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps               6.093k ± 0%   5.329k ± 0%  -12.54% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps              14.52k ± 0%   11.96k ± 0%  -17.64% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query                          89.81k ± 0%   77.60k ± 0%  -13.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps            102.09k ± 0%   93.70k ± 0%   -8.22% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps            250.0k ± 0%   225.9k ± 0%   -9.66% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query                                                770.0 ± 0%    691.5 ± 0%  -10.19% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                   982.0 ± 0%    701.0 ± 0%  -28.62% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 2847.0 ± 0%    765.0 ± 0%  -73.13% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query                                           5.228k ± 0%   5.316k ± 0%   +1.68% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                              6.046k ± 0%   6.128k ± 0%   +1.36% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                             14.26k ± 0%   12.55k ± 0%  -12.00% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query                                         89.85k ± 0%   93.67k ± 0%   +4.25% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                            102.0k ± 0%   109.7k ± 0%   +7.51% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                           245.9k ± 0%   238.0k ± 0%   -3.23% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query                                    563.0 ± 0%    451.0 ± 0%  -19.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                       585.0 ± 0%    475.0 ± 0%  -18.80% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                      784.0 ± 0%    674.0 ± 0%  -14.03% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query                                 12.62k ± 0%   10.11k ± 0%  -19.86% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                    15.03k ± 0%   12.53k ± 0%  -16.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                   34.87k ± 0%   32.38k ± 0%   -7.13% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query                                252.9k ± 0%   195.0k ± 0%  -22.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                   291.5k ± 0%   243.4k ± 0%  -16.51% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                  713.8k ± 0%   641.7k ± 0%  -10.11% (p=0.002 n=6)
geomean                                                                           14.54k        12.26k       -15.66%

                                                                       │      Prometheus      │                Mimir                │
                                                                       │          B           │      B        vs base               │
Query/a_1,_instant_query                                                         73.62Ki ± 1%   73.54Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.794 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                            73.56Ki ± 2%   73.13Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                           71.21Ki ± 1%   71.38Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.290 n=6)
Query/a_100,_instant_query                                                       67.15Ki ± 2%   67.51Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.455 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                          67.40Ki ± 1%   67.27Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/a_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                         70.05Ki ± 1%   69.63Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_instant_query                                                      68.78Ki ± 1%   67.78Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                         75.62Ki ± 1%   76.87Ki ± 2%   +1.65% (p=0.037 n=6)
Query/a_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        135.4Ki ± 1%   135.3Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_instant_query                                                        81.88Ki ± 2%   81.81Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.483 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                           74.59Ki ± 1%   74.41Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.258 n=6)
Query/nh_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                          71.73Ki ± 1%   71.01Ki ± 1%   -1.00% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_instant_query                                                      68.37Ki ± 1%   68.14Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=1.000 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                         73.38Ki ± 1%   73.52Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.494 n=6)
Query/nh_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                        118.3Ki ± 1%   118.7Ki ± 0%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_instant_query                                                     70.11Ki ± 1%   70.37Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                        172.8Ki ± 1%   175.1Ki ± 1%   +1.33% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/nh_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                       724.8Ki ± 3%   719.3Ki ± 4%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_1[1m],_instant_query                                                     73.75Ki ± 2%   72.19Ki ± 1%   -2.12% (p=0.006 n=6)
Query/a_100[1m],_instant_query                                                   68.55Ki ± 1%   67.51Ki ± 1%   -1.51% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/a_2000[1m],_instant_query                                                  70.57Ki ± 1%   70.37Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_instant_query                                               72.59Ki ± 3%   72.58Ki ± 3%        ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                  71.75Ki ± 2%   72.04Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.812 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 70.76Ki ± 1%   70.09Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_instant_query                                             67.65Ki ± 1%   67.08Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                66.64Ki ± 2%   67.16Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               68.94Ki ± 3%   69.58Ki ± 2%   +0.93% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_instant_query                                            68.99Ki ± 1%   68.88Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                               75.12Ki ± 1%   76.50Ki ± 1%   +1.83% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              130.7Ki ± 1%   129.3Ki ± 1%   -1.09% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                                68.10Ki ± 2%   68.56Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                              100.3Ki ± 1%   108.6Ki ± 2%   +8.23% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_10000_steps                             571.3Ki ± 6%   426.5Ki ± 1%  -25.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_instant_query                                               68.46Ki ± 1%   73.00Ki ± 3%   +6.62% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                  68.05Ki ± 1%   71.88Ki ± 1%   +5.63% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 66.83Ki ± 2%   66.97Ki ± 5%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_instant_query                                             71.95Ki ± 1%   72.25Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.623 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                                70.50Ki ± 3%   70.94Ki ± 3%        ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               66.31Ki ± 5%   67.55Ki ± 5%        ~ (p=0.485 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_instant_query                                            77.81Ki ± 1%   78.75Ki ± 3%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_100_steps                               80.69Ki ± 2%   80.50Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.738 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1d]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              113.9Ki ± 3%   111.8Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.108 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_instant_query                                                   72.24Ki ± 2%   72.00Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.288 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_100_steps                                      71.06Ki ± 1%   72.31Ki ± 3%        ~ (p=0.082 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                     68.41Ki ± 1%   69.88Ki ± 2%   +2.14% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_instant_query                                               67.58Ki ± 1%   67.00Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                                  68.15Ki ± 2%   67.77Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                                 75.48Ki ± 2%   70.60Ki ± 1%   -6.47% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                             69.46Ki ± 1%   70.84Ki ± 1%   +2.00% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                                92.88Ki ± 1%   79.94Ki ± 1%  -13.93% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                               156.6Ki ± 1%   142.4Ki ± 0%   -9.06% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_1_-_b_1,_range_query_with_10000_steps                                    69.07Ki ± 2%   70.09Ki ± 1%   +1.48% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/a_100_-_b_100,_range_query_with_10000_steps                                140.6Ki ± 2%   113.1Ki ± 1%  -19.57% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_10000_steps                             1620.8Ki ± 2%   459.1Ki ± 2%  -71.67% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_instant_query                                67.51Ki ± 1%   67.77Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.240 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_100_steps                   67.65Ki ± 2%   67.00Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/a_100{l=~"[13579]."}_-_b_100,_range_query_with_1000_steps                  72.25Ki ± 1%   68.54Ki ± 1%   -5.13% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                  70.32Ki ± 2%   70.29Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                     83.69Ki ± 1%   75.21Ki ± 3%  -10.13% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l=~"1..."}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                    160.7Ki ± 0%   110.5Ki ± 1%  -31.24% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_instant_query                                   68.38Ki ± 2%   69.90Ki ± 1%   +2.21% (p=0.026 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_100_steps                      76.26Ki ± 2%   69.81Ki ± 2%   -8.46% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000{l="1234"}_-_b_2000,_range_query_with_1000_steps                    127.39Ki ± 1%   77.74Ki ± 3%  -38.97% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_instant_query                                   68.91Ki ± 1%   69.27Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_100_steps                      75.85Ki ± 1%   70.69Ki ± 2%   -6.81% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/a_2000_-_b_2000{l="1234"},_range_query_with_1000_steps                    128.87Ki ± 5%   78.75Ki ± 5%  -38.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_instant_query                                                    74.04Ki ± 2%   73.52Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                       74.04Ki ± 1%   72.84Ki ± 1%   -1.63% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                      71.12Ki ± 2%   69.75Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_instant_query                                                  67.62Ki ± 1%   66.89Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.126 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                                     67.92Ki ± 1%   66.88Ki ± 1%   -1.52% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                    69.76Ki ± 1%   66.66Ki ± 1%   -4.44% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_instant_query                                                 69.19Ki ± 2%   67.88Ki ± 1%   -1.89% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                                    75.74Ki ± 2%   67.53Ki ± 2%  -10.84% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                  129.08Ki ± 1%   70.74Ki ± 2%  -45.20% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_instant_query                                             70.75Ki ± 2%   69.94Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.193 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                70.50Ki ± 1%   69.31Ki ± 1%   -1.68% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                               68.54Ki ± 1%   67.75Ki ± 1%   -1.16% (p=0.017 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_instant_query                                           68.06Ki ± 1%   67.14Ki ± 1%   -1.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                              70.29Ki ± 2%   67.82Ki ± 1%   -3.50% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                             91.37Ki ± 2%   72.19Ki ± 2%  -21.00% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_instant_query                                          73.35Ki ± 1%   72.41Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                            121.05Ki ± 1%   79.39Ki ± 2%  -34.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(l)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            299.5Ki ± 0%   107.8Ki ± 3%  -64.00% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_instant_query                                            70.81Ki ± 1%   69.75Ki ± 1%   -1.50% (p=0.013 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                               69.50Ki ± 1%   69.44Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.835 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                              68.29Ki ± 1%   67.81Ki ± 1%   -0.71% (p=0.048 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_instant_query                                          67.39Ki ± 2%   66.59Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                             69.48Ki ± 1%   67.37Ki ± 1%   -3.04% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            87.99Ki ± 2%   69.88Ki ± 2%  -20.59% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_instant_query                                         73.90Ki ± 3%   71.94Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                           115.16Ki ± 1%   71.34Ki ± 1%  -38.05% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(h_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                          266.38Ki ± 0%   74.46Ki ± 5%  -72.05% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_instant_query                               71.98Ki ± 3%   73.34Ki ± 1%   +1.89% (p=0.013 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps                  71.12Ki ± 1%   71.50Ki ± 3%        ~ (p=0.184 n=6)
Query/rate(a_1[1m])_+_rate(b_1[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps                 69.05Ki ± 2%   70.09Ki ± 2%   +1.51% (p=0.015 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_instant_query                           67.26Ki ± 1%   67.93Ki ± 1%   +0.98% (p=0.041 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps              68.46Ki ± 2%   67.12Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.065 n=6)
Query/rate(a_100[1m])_+_rate(b_100[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps             74.00Ki ± 1%   70.04Ki ± 1%   -5.35% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_instant_query                         69.80Ki ± 1%   69.80Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.905 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_100_steps            90.64Ki ± 2%   79.50Ki ± 1%  -12.29% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/rate(a_2000[1m])_+_rate(b_2000[1m]),_range_query_with_1000_steps           156.6Ki ± 1%   142.1Ki ± 7%   -9.26% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_instant_query                                              72.75Ki ± 2%   73.05Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.558 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_100_steps                                 71.43Ki ± 2%   72.96Ki ± 1%   +2.15% (p=0.009 n=6)
Query/sum(a_1_+_b_1),_range_query_with_1000_steps                                69.19Ki ± 1%   70.19Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_instant_query                                          67.58Ki ± 1%   67.70Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_100_steps                             68.39Ki ± 1%   67.34Ki ± 1%   -1.53% (p=0.004 n=6)
Query/sum(a_100_+_b_100),_range_query_with_1000_steps                            75.46Ki ± 3%   67.38Ki ± 1%  -10.72% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_instant_query                                        70.49Ki ± 1%   70.63Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_100_steps                           93.56Ki ± 3%   70.04Ki ± 1%  -25.14% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum(a_2000_+_b_2000),_range_query_with_1000_steps                         156.94Ki ± 1%   78.65Ki ± 3%  -49.89% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_instant_query                                  70.69Ki ± 2%   71.80Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                     69.96Ki ± 1%   70.88Ki ± 1%   +1.32% (p=0.030 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_1[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                    67.62Ki ± 1%   68.18Ki ± 2%   +0.81% (p=0.030 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_instant_query                                67.65Ki ± 1%   67.74Ki ± 1%        ~ (p=0.818 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                   68.84Ki ± 2%   66.76Ki ± 1%   -3.01% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_100[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                  87.36Ki ± 2%   69.52Ki ± 3%  -20.42% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_instant_query                               73.79Ki ± 2%   73.01Ki ± 2%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_100_steps                 113.09Ki ± 1%   71.27Ki ± 1%  -36.98% (p=0.002 n=6)
Query/sum_by_(le)(rate(h_2000[1m])),_range_query_with_1000_steps                266.44Ki ± 1%   72.17Ki ± 2%  -72.91% (p=0.002 n=6)
geomean                                                                          86.31Ki        78.41Ki        -9.16%

pkg/streamingpromql/operators/aggregation.go Show resolved Hide resolved
Comment on lines 193 to 203
for _, p := range s.Histograms {
idx := (p.T - start) / interval
if thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] == nil {
// We copy here because we modify the histogram through Add later on.
// It is necessary to preserve the original Histogram in case of any range-queries using lookback.
thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] = p.H.Copy()
thisSeriesGroup.histogramPointCount++
} else {
thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] = thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx].Add(p.H)
}
}
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What if we do something like this? Then we only pay the price of copying the histogram when we need to, which should only be the case when lookback is involved.

var lastUncopiedHistogram *histogram.FloatHistogram

for _, p := range s.Histograms {
	idx := (p.T - start) / interval
	if thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] != nil {
		thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] = thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx].Add(p.H)
	} else if lastUncopiedHistogram == p.H {
		// We've already used this histogram for a previous point due to lookback.
		// Make a copy of it so we don't modify the other point.
		thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] = p.H.Copy()
		thisSeriesGroup.histogramPointCount++
	} else {
		// This is the first time we have seen this histogram.
		// It is safe to store it and modify it later without copying, as we'll make copies above if the same histogram is used for subsequent points.
		thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] = p.H
		thisSeriesGroup.histogramPointCount++
		lastUncopiedHistogram = p.H
	}
}

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I don't think that will work.

Because after the first time we have a point at this idx we add it to the histogram, if we see the histogram again (due to a lookback), it will have already been modified. So we can't just copy it at that point as it's already wrong. (Even if it was right, it would overwrite our summation, but we could work around that but that's not what's happening here).

To be sure, I quickly tested this and confirmed it does not pass the tests.

The challenge is that we need to be sure ahead of time that we won't see the same histogram again. Otherwise we can't confidentially modify it (or in other words we can't confidentially add to it). I'm not sure there is a sensible way to do this without implementing our own lookback. Even then, the challenge of keeping track of it would likely outweigh just making a copy at this point.

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I think I'm missing something sorry - what will modify p.H while we're iterating through a single series' samples and therefore modify a histogram before we've had a chance to copy it?

I'm imagining we have two input series with histogram samples like this, including some instances of lookback:

t=0 t=1 t=2 t=3
Series 1 h1 h1 (nothing) h2
Series 2 h3 h3 h4 h4

After we've processed series 1, with the change I suggested, then histogramSums will be:

t=0 t=1 t=2 t=3
Output h1 Copy of h1 (nothing) h2

And then after series 2:

t=0 t=1 t=2 t=3
Output h1.Add(h3) (Copy of h1).Add(h3) h4 h2.Add(h4)

At no point do we mutate a histogram from a series before we've finished processing that series. For example, we only mutate h1 when we start processing t=0 for series 2, but we've already copied it for t=1 by that point.

@dimitarvdimitrov
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The CHANGELOG has just been cut to prepare for the next Mimir release. Please rebase main and eventually move the CHANGELOG entry added / updated in this PR to the top of the CHANGELOG document. Thanks!

pkg/streamingpromql/operators/aggregation.go Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved
pkg/streamingpromql/types/data.go Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved
Comment on lines 193 to 203
for _, p := range s.Histograms {
idx := (p.T - start) / interval
if thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] == nil {
// We copy here because we modify the histogram through Add later on.
// It is necessary to preserve the original Histogram in case of any range-queries using lookback.
thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] = p.H.Copy()
thisSeriesGroup.histogramPointCount++
} else {
thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx] = thisSeriesGroup.histogramSums[idx].Add(p.H)
}
}
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I think I'm missing something sorry - what will modify p.H while we're iterating through a single series' samples and therefore modify a histogram before we've had a chance to copy it?

I'm imagining we have two input series with histogram samples like this, including some instances of lookback:

t=0 t=1 t=2 t=3
Series 1 h1 h1 (nothing) h2
Series 2 h3 h3 h4 h4

After we've processed series 1, with the change I suggested, then histogramSums will be:

t=0 t=1 t=2 t=3
Output h1 Copy of h1 (nothing) h2

And then after series 2:

t=0 t=1 t=2 t=3
Output h1.Add(h3) (Copy of h1).Add(h3) h4 h2.Add(h4)

At no point do we mutate a histogram from a series before we've finished processing that series. For example, we only mutate h1 when we start processing t=0 for series 2, but we've already copied it for t=1 by that point.

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🚀

@jhesketh jhesketh enabled auto-merge (squash) June 24, 2024 04:06
@jhesketh jhesketh merged commit 573aec0 into grafana:main Jun 24, 2024
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@jhesketh jhesketh deleted the jhesketh/streaming/histogram_aggregations branch June 24, 2024 04:17
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3 participants