Replace the interpreter with an LLVM compiler

This replaces the bytecode interpreter with a native code compiled,
backed by LLVM. While this is a massive change, various internals remain
the same. For example, for generics we still rely on runtime pointer
checking and checks. This is a deliberate choice to keep the scope of
changes from expanding even more, and we'll take care of these remaining
issues separately.

As part of these changes we've removed the libffi based FFI, as it makes
no sense to use this API in a native code compiler. As introducing a new
FFI is going to be a lot of work, we'll also take care of this
separately, meaning you temporarily won't be able to interact with C
code.

The package manager (ipm) is also merged into the compiler executable
("inko"), removing the need for a separate command.

For more information, see #508.

.cargo/config

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
-[target.'cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "aarch64"))']
-rustflags = ['-C', 'target-feature=+aes']
+# This is needed for stack traces to work when `panic=abort` is used. See
+# https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/94815 and
+# https://github.com/rust-lang/backtrace-rs/issues/397 for more details.
+[build]
+rustflags = ['-C', 'force-unwind-tables']

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ on:
       - 'compiler/**'
       - 'inko/**'
       - 'ipm/**'
-      - 'libstd/**'
+      - 'std/**'
       - 'types/**'
       - 'vm/**'
       - 'Cargo.*'
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ on:
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 env:
-  CARGO_HOME: ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo
+  # This directory must be named differently from `.cargo`, otherwise it will
+  # conflict with our local Cargo configuration.
+  CARGO_HOME: ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo-home
   REGISTRY: ghcr.io
   IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository }}
 
@@ -40,15 +42,17 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.62
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.63
         with:
           components: 'clippy'
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
           path: |
-            ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo
+            ${{ env.CARGO_HOME }}
             target
           key: ${{ runner.os }}
+      - name: Install LLVM
+        run: bash scripts/llvm.sh
       - run: 'cargo clippy -- -D warnings'
 
   cargo-fmt:
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
           path: |
-            ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo
+            ${{ env.CARGO_HOME }}
             target
           key: ${{ runner.os }}
       - run: 'cargo fmt --all --check'
@@ -78,13 +82,13 @@ jobs:
 
   compiler:
     strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os:
           - macos-latest
           - ubuntu-latest
-          - windows-latest
         version:
-          - '1.62'
+          - '1.63'
           - stable
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
@@ -95,37 +99,41 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
           path: |
-            ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo
+            ${{ env.CARGO_HOME }}
             target
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-stable
+      - name: Install LLVM
+        run: bash scripts/llvm.sh
       - name: Running tests
         run: cargo test
 
   std:
     strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os:
           - macos-latest
           - ubuntu-latest
-          - windows-latest
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     needs:
       - compiler
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.62
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.63
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
           path: |
-            ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo
+            ${{ env.CARGO_HOME }}
             target
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-stable
+      - name: Install LLVM
+        run: bash scripts/llvm.sh
       - name: Compiling
         run: cargo build --release
       - name: Running tests
         run: |
-          cd libstd
-          cargo run --release -p inko -- test
+          cd std
+          ../target/release/inko test
 
   nightly-container:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.gitignore

@@ -7,3 +7,5 @@
 *.egg-info/
 __pycache__
 /docs/plugins/pygments-inko-lexer/poetry.lock
+/build
+/std/build