Allow more volume types

[olemarkus]

Fixes #10072

[olemarkus]

/cc @rifelpet

[rifelpet]

I'm looking at the latest version of the aws sdk and there's a function that returns a list of all EBS volume types, maybe we should use that? I don't see the function in our vendored version though, so we'll need to update it first.

(too big to link to the line # directly)
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/master/service/ec2/api.go

// VolumeType_Values returns all elements of the VolumeType enum
func VolumeType_Values() []string {
	return []string{
		VolumeTypeStandard,
		VolumeTypeIo1,
		VolumeTypeIo2,
		VolumeTypeGp2,
		VolumeTypeSc1,
		VolumeTypeSt1,
	}
}

[rifelpet]

The SDK has been updated and I updated some similar references in #10075

[olemarkus]

Note that the original reason for the validation was that sc1 and st1 is not supported boot volumes. So I could take that slice and filter known unsupported types or I can explicitly list known good types. The standard type was missed from my side because most of the AWS docs doesn't mention it example 1 example 2.

Given that setting a bad value here ends up in an unusable cluster, I'd rather do an allow list than a deny list.

[rifelpet]

Ah, I missed that earlier. That makes more sense, I think we can keep it as this list of strings for now. I was wondering if we can get this info from ec2.DescribeInstanceTypes but we can explore that separately.

/approve
/lgtm

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