Provenance overhaul

[munrojm]

This PR overhauls ProvenanceBuilder to fix slowness issues.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #255 (6ec6b01) into main (380cfc3) will decrease coverage by 5.09%.
The diff coverage is 77.89%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #255      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   91.72%   86.63%   -5.10%     
==========================================
  Files          43       35       -8     
  Lines        2865     2507     -358     
==========================================
- Hits         2628     2172     -456     
- Misses        237      335      +98     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
emmet-core/emmet/core/thermo.py	52.00% <0.00%> (-38.00%)	⬇️
emmet-core/emmet/core/provenance.py	59.09% <22.22%> (-34.96%)	⬇️
emmet-core/emmet/core/xas.py	33.64% <22.22%> (ø)
...s/emmet/builders/materials/electronic_structure.py	85.84% <80.00%> (ø)
emmet-core/emmet/core/electronic_structure.py	86.39% <100.00%> (-8.85%)	⬇️
emmet-core/emmet/core/material.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
emmet-core/emmet/core/material_property.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
emmet-core/emmet/core/oxidation_states.py	93.02% <100.00%> (+0.16%)	⬆️
emmet-core/emmet/core/structure.py	86.48% <100.00%> (-13.52%)	⬇️
emmet-core/emmet/core/summary.py	88.18% <100.00%> (ø)
... and 16 more

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