Port "make" retry on Windows to main branch

[dagood]

Port a0895e3 (#299) to microsoft/main to mitigate:

• windows-amd64 build flakiness: "compile.exe: Access is denied." #241

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At the time of the original PR, Windows flakiness was only showing up in the 1.17 branch, so this feature was implemented there. But, I saw it in microsoft/main while working on the migration to submodules:

go install cmd/link: copying
  C:\Users\VSSADM~1\AppData\Local\Temp\go-build2884892749\b164\exe\a.out.exe:
  open D:\a\1\s\go\pkg\tool\windows_amd64\link.exe: Access is denied.

https://dev.azure.com/dnceng/internal/_build/results?buildId=1574835&view=logs&j=b5927786-9a30-525e-205c-cd8ea15c1825&s=96ac2280-8cb4-5df5-99de-dd2da759617d&t=f7c1727d-5b14-5ff4-8b2e-08087f80ab99&l=86

(Technically link.exe rather than compile.exe, but it seems likely to be the same root cause.)

[dagood]

Enabling auto-merge to merge with one reviewer: simple/clean port.

[dagood]

@microsoft/golang-compiler PTAL, porting Windows unreliability mitigation forward to main.