[api-extractor] Improve analysis of types exposed via global variables

[octogonz]

This is an initial prototype of a solution for #1765

Also fixes #1095

Also fixes #1316

Reverts half-baked workaround from #1098

I've also improved --diagnostics switch to report when globals are encountered. Example output:

============================================================

Ignoring reference to global variable "Object" in D:/Git/rushstack/build-tests/api-extractor-test-01/lib/index.d.ts:47:41
Ignoring reference to global variable "TypedPropertyDescriptor" in D:/Git/rushstack/build-tests/api-extractor-test-01/lib/index.d.ts:47:91 
Ignoring reference to global variable "Map" in D:/Git/rushstack/build-tests/api-extractor-test-01/lib/index.d.ts:26:27
Ignoring reference to global variable "Promise" in D:/Git/rushstack/build-tests/api-extractor-test-01/lib/index.d.ts:30:27
Ignoring reference to global variable "jest" in D:/Git/rushstack/build-tests/api-extractor-test-01/lib/index.d.ts:35:24
Ignoring reference to global variable "IAmbientInterfaceExample" in D:/Git/rushstack/build-tests/api-extractor-test-01/lib/index.d.ts:41:21
Ignoring reference to global variable "Symbol" in D:/Git/rushstack/build-tests/api-extractor-test-01/lib/EcmaScriptSymbols.d.ts:21:10      
Ignoring reference to global variable "Intl" in D:/Git/rushstack/build-tests/api-extractor-test-01/lib/ReferenceLibDirective.d.ts:3:52     

Writing: D:\Git\rushstack\build-tests\api-extractor-test-01\temp\api-extractor-test-01.api.json

[iclanton]

It'd be cool to genericize this. Maybe add it to the Terminal API?

[octogonz]

That's not a bad idea. API Extractor's usage is coupled to the compiler API, so I think I would approach this work item from some other tool that wants to report file/line information.

Terminal doesn't seem like the right place, because it's about writing to a terminal. Path might not be a bad choice, or maybe something more specific like SourceFilePath. It could possibly also include a generalized equivalent of getLineAndCharacterOfPosition().

But again, I'd want to introduce that API as part of solving some problem that actually needs it, so we know what the requirements are.

[octogonz]

This fix was published with API Extractor 7.7.12.