[InputBase] Fix placeholder bug in Edge

[rodrigoea]

• I have followed (at least) the PR section of the contributing guide.

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Fixes #15183

This PR fixes a bug related to the Placeholder and Label. They are being overlapped when a Input is focused and then unfocused by clicking at the address bar.

This bug is only happening in Edge.

FYI @oliviertassinari :)

[oliviertassinari]

@rodrigolabs I have rebased the pull request on the next branch. We keep master for important bug fixes. This one is about polishing the details ✨.

[mui-pr-bot]

Details of bundle changes.

Comparing: 5bbf156...b3bae4c

bundle	parsed diff	gzip diff	prev parsed	current parsed	prev gzip	current gzip
@material-ui/core	0.00%	+0.01% 🔺	347,555	347,568	89,884	89,893
@material-ui/core/Paper	0.00%	0.00%	68,404	68,404	20,053	20,053
@material-ui/core/Paper.esm	0.00%	0.00%	60,735	60,735	18,785	18,785
@material-ui/core/Popper	0.00%	0.00%	34,930	34,930	11,917	11,917
@material-ui/core/styles/createMuiTheme	0.00%	0.00%	17,877	17,877	5,962	5,962
@material-ui/core/useMediaQuery	0.00%	0.00%	2,463	2,463	1,044	1,044
@material-ui/lab	0.00%	0.00%	148,119	148,119	43,913	43,913
@material-ui/styles	0.00%	0.00%	53,143	53,143	15,443	15,443
@material-ui/system	0.00%	0.00%	17,132	17,132	4,519	4,519
Button	0.00%	0.00%	88,669	88,669	26,423	26,423
Modal	0.00%	0.00%	82,688	82,688	24,802	24,802
colorManipulator	0.00%	0.00%	3,745	3,745	1,537	1,537
docs.landing	0.00%	0.00%	49,820	49,820	10,807	10,807
docs.main	0.00%	+0.01% 🔺	644,617	644,630	200,866	200,877
packages/material-ui/build/umd/material-ui.production.min.js	0.00%	+0.01% 🔺	296,244	296,257	82,800	82,811

Generated by 🚫 dangerJS against b3bae4c

[oliviertassinari]

@rodrigolabs It's a great first pull request on Material-UI 👌🏻. Thank you for working on it!

[rodrigoea]

@oliviertassinari Thank you! It was a pleasure to contribute after a while just using Material-UI ❤️