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## Introduction

This guidelines document is a joint effort between the (mostly) Nordic agencies dedicated to providing accessible literature in different formats -- e.g. talking books, braille, and accessible e-books -- to children and adults with various reading impairments or special needs. The participating organisations are [Celia](https://www.celia.fi/), [Dedicon](https://www.dedicon.nl/), [HBS](https://hbs.is/), [MTM](https://mtm.se), [NLB](https://www.nlb.no/), [Nota](https://nota.dk/), [SBS](https://www.sbs.ch/), [SPSM](https://www.spsm.se/), and [Statped](http://statped.no/).
This guidelines document is a joint effort between the (mostly) Nordic agencies dedicated to providing accessible literature in different formats e.g. talking books, braille, and accessible e-books to children and adults with various reading impairments or special needs. The participating organisations are [Celia](https://www.celia.fi/), [Dedicon](https://www.dedicon.nl/), [HBS](https://hbs.is/), [MTM](https://mtm.se), [NLB](https://www.nlb.no/), [Nota](https://nota.dk/), [SBS](https://www.sbs.ch/), [SPSM](https://www.spsm.se/), and [Statped](http://statped.no/).

Making book content accessible starts in well-structured and granular semantic markup using available markup and accessibility standards. For the Nordic agencies, a starting point in their production of accessible literature is a base production file in EPUB 3, from which further transformations are made, and/or additional layers of accessibility features are added. This guidelines document collect instructions for the application of the [Epub 3.3](https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/) and [Epub Accessibility 1.1](https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-a11y-11/), bridging the gap between general standards and the local context(s) of the Nordic agencies.
Making book content accessible starts in well-structured and granular semantic markup using available markup and accessibility standards. For the Nordic agencies, a starting point in their production of accessible literature is a base production file in EPUB 3, from which further transformations are made, and/or additional layers of accessibility features are added. This guidelines document collects instructions for the application of [Epub 3.3](https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/) and [Epub Accessibility 1.1](https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-a11y-11/), bridging the gap between general standards and the local context(s) of the Nordic agencies.

The target audience of the document is mainly the Nordic agencies' contracted EPUB 3 suppliers, but the guidelines will also be used by staff at the Nordic agencies, other vendors and interested parties, etc.
The target audience of the document is mainly the Nordic agencies contracted EPUB 3 suppliers, but the guidelines will also be used by staff at the Nordic agencies, other vendors and interested parties, etc.

### For readers looking for general e-book accessibility advice

Readers should note that these guidelines build on available standards and best practices for accessible e-book production documented elsewhere. This document do not provide general e-book accessibility advice, please have a look at the [DAISY Consortium's Accessible Publishing Knowledge Base](https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/) for a comprehensive resource on current best practices for e-book accessibility in general. Many of the techniques used in this document are based on DAISY Accessible Publishing Knowledge Base examples and guidance. The Nordic agencies are indebted to the [DAISY Consortium](https://daisy.org/) for providing this valuable resource.
Readers should note that these guidelines build on available standards and best practices for accessible e-book production documented elsewhere. This document does not provide general e-book accessibility advice, please have a look at the [DAISY Consortium's Accessible Publishing Knowledge Base](https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/) for a comprehensive resource on current best practices for e-book accessibility in general. Many of the techniques used in this document are based on DAISY Accessible Publishing Knowledge Base examples and guidance. The Nordic agencies are indebted to the [DAISY Consortium](https://daisy.org/) for providing this valuable resource.

#### Note about WCAG compliance

Please note that some of the instructions given here do not provide sufficient accessible markup to satisfy the accessibility requirements of the [Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/), even on the base level (A). These sections presume post-markup editing to make productions fully WCAG-compliant. A note of warning is attached to these sections.

### Situating the Nordic Guidelines in the World of Specifications

As described above, the Nordic Guidelines work as an application of higher-level standards for the purpose of accessible EPUB 3 production at the Nordic agencies (henceforth "the Ordering Agency/Agencies").
As described above, the Nordic Guidelines work as an application of higher-level standards for the purpose of accessible EPUB 3 production at the Nordic agencies (henceforth the Ordering Agency/Agencies).

The application of the Nordic Guidelines can also be further specified on lower levels, e.g. instructions on a per-Ordering Agency and/or per-title basis.

The different levels of specification can be expressed as the following hierarchy:

1. High-level specifications, e.g. [Epub 3.3](https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/), [Epub Accessibility 1.1](https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-a11y-11/), [HTML5],(https://www.w3.org/TR/html/) etc.
1. High-level specifications, e.g. [Epub 3.3](https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/), [Epub Accessibility 1.1](https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-a11y-11/), [HTML5](https://www.w3.org/TR/html/) etc.
2. The Nordic Guidelines (this document)
3. General Ordering Agency-specific Guidelines (usually these build on the Nordic Guidelines, but might also contain some deviations from them)
3. General Ordering Agency-specific guidelines (usually these build on the Nordic Guidelines, but might also contain some deviations from them)
4. Title-specific instructions, usually expressed in the form of Editing Instructions, containing further guidance on how to treat a specific title

Note that the forms of levels 3 and 4 will vary between the Ordering Agencies, and their standardisation is outside the scope of this document.
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Thanks @jonaslil!

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