Define pre-commit hooks.

The pre-commit framework allows users to run MegaLinter locally as a Git
pre-commit hook. While it does have built-in support for Node.js hooks,
it doesn't support monorepos, because the package.json must be in the
root directory. While it does have built-in support for Docker hooks,
the user experience of overriding arguments to mega-linter-runner is
nicer than that for the Docker image. Hence, hand-roll system hooks
instead, and leverage npx to execute (and, if necessary, download)
mega-linter-runner.

.pre-commit-hooks.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+- id: megalinter
+  name: Run MegaLinter on files modified relative to DEFAULT_BRANCH
+  entry: npx --
+  language: system
+  pass_filenames: false
+  args:
+    - mega-linter-runner
+    - --fix
+    - --env
+    - "'APPLY_FIXES=all'"
+    - --env
+    - "'FAIL_IF_UPDATED_SOURCES=true'"
+    - --env
+    - "'LOG_LEVEL=warning'"
+    - --env
+    - "'VALIDATE_ALL_CODEBASE=false'"
+    - --env
+    - "'DISABLE_LINTERS=COPYPASTE_JSCPD'"
+  stages:
+    - commit
+  description: >
+    See https://megalinter.github.io/latest/mega-linter-runner/#usage and
+    https://megalinter.github.io/latest/configuration/ if you wish to override
+    the default arguments. mega-linter-runner is specified as an argument so
+    that you may override the version (e.g., [email protected]). Depends
+    on npx, which ships with npm 7+, and Docker. Unlike most pre-commit hooks,
+    MegaLinter itself computes the files to run on. Runs very slowly when the
+    pertinent Docker image isn't already cached (c.f.,
+    https://github.com/marketplace/actions/docker-cache/). If you encounter
+    permission errors, try running Docker in rootless mode (c.f.,
+    https://github.com/marketplace/actions/rootless-docker/). Linter results are
+    logged to the report directory, so you should make sure to list it in your
+    .gitignore and wipe it between runs. Skip jscpd since duplicate detection
+    fundamentally requires scanning the entire repository and hence can't be
+    performed incrementally.
+
+- id: megalinter-all
+  name: Run MegaLinter on all files
+  entry: npx --
+  language: system
+  pass_filenames: false
+  args:
+    - mega-linter-runner
+    - --fix
+    - --env
+    - "'APPLY_FIXES=all'"
+    - --env
+    - "'FAIL_IF_UPDATED_SOURCES=true'"
+    - --env
+    - "'LOG_LEVEL=warning'"
+    - --env
+    - "'VALIDATE_ALL_CODEBASE=true'"
+  stages:
+    - push
+  description: >
+    See https://megalinter.github.io/latest/mega-linter-runner/#usage and
+    https://megalinter.github.io/latest/configuration/ if you wish to override
+    the default arguments. mega-linter-runner is specified as an argument so
+    that you may override the version (e.g., [email protected]). Depends
+    on npx, which ships with npm 7+, and Docker. Runs very slowly when the
+    pertinent Docker image isn't already cached (c.f.,
+    https://github.com/marketplace/actions/docker-cache/). If you encounter
+    permission errors, try running Docker in rootless mode (c.f.,
+    https://github.com/marketplace/actions/rootless-docker/). Linter results are
+    logged to the report directory, so you should make sure to list it in your
+    .gitignore and wipe it between runs.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 Note: Can be used with `megalinter/megalinter@beta` in your GitHub Action mega-linter.yml file, or with `megalinter/megalinter:beta` docker image
 
 - Add gherkin-lint in dotnet flavor ([#1435](https://github.com/megalinter/megalinter/issues/1435))
+- Define pre-commit hooks ([#569](https://github.com/megalinter/megalinter/issues/569)).
 
 - Linter versions upgrades
   - [luacheck](https://luacheck.readthedocs.io) from 0.26.0 to **0.26.1** on 2022-04-24