Template for project1

LICENSE

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+The modified portion from original pintos, is subject to the following license:
+
+    				 RECEX SHARED SOURCE LICENSE
+    		 version 1.0, 30 May 2013
+
+     Copyright (c) 2020 Casys lab, KAIST. <http://casys.kaist.ac.kr>
+     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim
+     copies of this license document, but changing it is
+     not allowed.
+
+             TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+      0. Definitions.
+
+     "This License" refers to version 1.0 of RecEx Shared
+     Source License.
+
+     "The program", "the source", "the source code", "these
+     files", "this file" refers to any copyrightable work
+     licensed under this License.
+
+     "You" refers to the Licensee. The licensee could be a
+     person or a organisation.
+
+     "personal use" refers to usage by, only and only, the
+     licensee, and not by any other person or organisation
+     related in any way to the licensee.
+
+      1. Usage
+
+     You are free to download, copy, compile, study, and
+     refer to the source code for any personal use of yours.
+
+     Usage by you of any work covered by this license should
+     not, directly or indirectly, enable its usage by any
+     other individual or organisation.
+
+      2. Modifications
+
+     You are free to make any modifications to the source
+     covered by this license. You are also free to compile
+     the source after modifying it and using the compiled
+     product obtained thereafter in compliance with this
+     License.
+
+      3. Redistribution
+
+     You may NOT under any circumstance copy, redistribute
+     and/or republish the source or a work based on it (which
+     includes binary or object code compiled from it) in part
+     or whole.
+
+      4. Non-compliance
+
+     You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the
+     Program except as expressly provided under this License.
+     Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or
+     distribute the Program is void, and will automatically
+     terminate your rights under this License.
+
+      5. Acceptance of License
+
+     You are not required to accept this License, since you have
+     not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission
+     to modify or use the source. These actions are prohibited
+     by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
+     modifying or using the source (or any work based on the
+     source), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do
+     so, and all its terms and conditions for copying,
+     redistributing or modifying the source or works based on it.
+
+      6. Permissions
+
+     If you intend to incorporate the source code, in part or whole,
+     into any free or proprietary program, you need to explicitly
+     write to the original author(s) to ask for permission.
+
+      7. No Warranty
+
+     The source code licensed under this license is shared "as is".
+     Since it is intended for sharing as reference, there is no
+     warranty, of either the source code, or the program compiled
+     from it. The entire risk of quality or performance of the
+     program is with you.
+
+     THE ORIGINAL AUTHOR OF THE PROGRAM IS NOT LIABLE TO YOU FOR
+     DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
+     CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO
+     USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR
+     DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR
+     THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY
+     OTHER PROGRAMS)
+
+         END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+The original version of the Pintos, including its documentation, is subject to
+the following license:
+
+    Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006 Board of Trustees, Leland Stanford
+    Jr. University.  All rights reserved.
+
+    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+    a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+    "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+    without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+    distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+    permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+    the following conditions:
+
+    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+    included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+    EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+    NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+    LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+    OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+    WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+A few individual files in Pintos were originally derived from other
+projects, but they have been extensively modified for use in Pintos.
+The original code falls under the original license, and modifications
+for Pintos are additionally covered by the Pintos license above.
+
+In particular, code derived from Nachos is subject to the following
+license:
+
+/* Copyright (c) 1992-1996 The Regents of the University of California.
+   All rights reserved.
+
+   Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
+   and its documentation for any purpose, without fee, and
+   without written agreement is hereby granted, provided that the
+   above copyright notice and the following two paragraphs appear
+   in all copies of this software.
+
+   IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE TO
+   ANY PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
+   CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE
+   AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
+   HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+   THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY
+   WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+   WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+   PURPOSE.  THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS"
+   BASIS, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS NO OBLIGATION TO
+   PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR
+   MODIFICATIONS.
+*/
+
+Also, code derived from MIT's 6.828 course code is subject to the
+following license:
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 1997 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
+ *
+ * This software is being provided by the copyright holders under the
+ * following license. By obtaining, using and/or copying this software,
+ * you agree that you have read, understood, and will comply with the
+ * following terms and conditions:
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software
+ * and its documentation for any purpose and without fee or royalty is
+ * hereby granted, provided that the full text of this NOTICE appears on
+ * ALL copies of the software and documentation or portions thereof,
+ * including modifications, that you make.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS," AND COPYRIGHT HOLDERS MAKE NO
+ * REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE,
+ * BUT NOT LIMITATION, COPYRIGHT HOLDERS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
+ * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
+ * THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE OR DOCUMENTATION WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY
+ * THIRD PARTY PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, TRADEMARKS OR OTHER RIGHTS. COPYRIGHT
+ * HOLDERS WILL BEAR NO LIABILITY FOR ANY USE OF THIS SOFTWARE OR
+ * DOCUMENTATION.
+ *
+ * The name and trademarks of copyright holders may NOT be used in
+ * advertising or publicity pertaining to the software without specific,
+ * written prior permission. Title to copyright in this software and any
+ * associated documentation will at all times remain with copyright
+ * holders. See the file AUTHORS which should have accompanied this software
+ * for a list of all copyright holders.
+ *
+ * This file may be derived from previously copyrighted software. This
+ * copyright applies only to those changes made by the copyright
+ * holders listed in the AUTHORS file. The rest of this file is covered by
+ * the copyright notices, if any, listed below.
+ */

Make.config

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+# -*- makefile -*-
+
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+
+VPATH = $(SRCDIR)
+
+# We use x86_64 for now.
+CC = gcc
+LD = ld
+OBJCOPY = objcopy
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(shell command -v $(CC) 2> /dev/null)),)
+$(warning *** Compiler ($(CC)) not found.  Did you set $$PATH properly?  Please refer to the Getting Started section in the documentation for details. ***)
+endif
+
+# Compiler and assembler invocation.
+DEFINES =
+WARNINGS = -Wall -W -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wsystem-headers
+CFLAGS = -g -msoft-float -Os -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-red-zone
+CFLAGS += -mcmodel=large -fno-plt -fno-pic -mno-sse
+CPPFLAGS = -nostdinc -I$(SRCDIR) -I$(SRCDIR)/include/lib -I$(SRCDIR)/include
+CPPFLAGS += -I$(SRCDIR)/include/lib/kernel
+ASFLAGS = -Wa,--gstabs -mcmodel=large
+LDFLAGS = --no-relax
+DEPS = -MMD -MF $(@:.o=.d)
+
+# Turn off -fstack-protector, which we don't support.
+ifeq ($(strip $(shell echo | $(CC) -fno-stack-protector -E - > /dev/null 2>&1; echo $$?)),0)
+CFLAGS += -fno-stack-protector
+endif
+
+%.o: %.c
+	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(WARNINGS) $(DEFINES) $(DEPS)
+
+%.o: %.S
+	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(ASFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(DEFINES) $(DEPS)

Makefile

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+BUILD_SUBDIRS = threads filesys
+
+all::
+	@echo "Run 'make' in subdirectories: $(BUILD_SUBDIRS)."
+	@echo "This top-level make has only 'clean' targets."
+
+CLEAN_SUBDIRS = $(BUILD_SUBDIRS) examples
+
+clean::
+	for d in $(CLEAN_SUBDIRS); do $(MAKE) -C $$d $@; done
+	rm -f TAGS tags
+
+distclean:: clean
+	find . -name '*~' -exec rm '{}' \;
+
+TAGS_SUBDIRS = $(BUILD_SUBDIRS) devices lib
+TAGS_SOURCES = find $(TAGS_SUBDIRS) -name \*.[chS] -print
+
+TAGS::
+	etags `$(TAGS_SOURCES)`
+
+tags::
+	ctags `$(TAGS_SOURCES)`
+
+cscope.files::
+	$(TAGS_SOURCES) > cscope.files
+
+cscope:: cscope.files
+	cscope -b -q -k

Makefile.build

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+# -*- makefile -*-
+
+SRCDIR = ../..
+
+all: os.dsk
+
+include ../../Make.config
+include ../Make.vars
+include ../../tests/Make.tests
+
+# Compiler and assembler options.
+os.dsk: CPPFLAGS += -I$(SRCDIR)/lib/kernel
+
+# Core kernel.
+include ../../threads/targets.mk
+# User process code.
+# include ../../userprog/targets.mk
+# Virtual memory code.
+# include ../../vm/targets.mk
+# Filesystem code.
+include ../../filesys/targets.mk
+# Library code shared between kernel and user programs.
+include ../../lib/targets.mk
+# Kernel-specific library code.
+include ../../lib/kernel/targets.mk
+# Device driver code.
+include ../../devices/targets.mk
+
+SOURCES = $(foreach dir,$(KERNEL_SUBDIRS),$($(dir)_SRC))
+OBJECTS = $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(patsubst %.S,%.o,$(SOURCES)))
+DEPENDS = $(patsubst %.o,%.d,$(OBJECTS))
+
+threads/kernel.lds.s: CPPFLAGS += -P
+threads/kernel.lds.s: threads/kernel.lds.S
+
+kernel.o: threads/kernel.lds.s $(OBJECTS)
+	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -T $< -o $@ $(OBJECTS)
+
+kernel.bin: kernel.o
+	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary -R .note -R .comment -S $< $@.tmp
+	dd if=$@.tmp of=$@ bs=4096 conv=sync
+	rm $@.tmp
+
+threads/loader.o: threads/loader.S kernel.bin
+	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(ASFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(DEFINES) -DKERNEL_LOAD_PAGES=`perl -e 'print +(-s "kernel.bin") / 4096;'`
+
+loader.bin: threads/loader.o
+	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -N -e start -Ttext 0x7c00 --oformat binary -o $@ $<
+
+os.dsk: loader.bin kernel.bin
+	cat $^ > $@
+
+clean::
+	rm -f $(OBJECTS) $(DEPENDS)
+	rm -f threads/loader.o threads/kernel.lds.s threads/loader.d
+	rm -f kernel.o kernel.lds.s
+	rm -f kernel.bin loader.bin os.dsk
+	rm -f bochsout.txt bochsrc.txt
+	rm -f results grade
+
+Makefile: $(SRCDIR)/Makefile.build
+	cp $< $@
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)

Makefile.kernel

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+# -*- makefile -*-
+
+all:
+
+include Make.vars
+
+DIRS = $(sort $(addprefix build/,$(KERNEL_SUBDIRS) $(TEST_SUBDIRS) lib/user))
+
+all grade check: $(DIRS) build/Makefile
+	cd build && $(MAKE) $@
+$(DIRS):
+	mkdir -p $@
+build/Makefile: ../Makefile.build
+	cp $< $@
+
+build/%: $(DIRS) build/Makefile
+	cd build && $(MAKE) $*
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf build

Makefile.userprog

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+# -*- makefile -*-
+
+$(PROGS): CPPFLAGS += -I$(SRCDIR)/include/lib/user -I.
+$(PROGS): CFLAGS := -fno-stack-protector
+
+# Linker flags.
+$(PROGS): LDFLAGS = -nostdlib -static -Wl,-T,$(LDSCRIPT)
+$(PROGS): LDSCRIPT = $(SRCDIR)/lib/user/user.lds
+
+# Library code shared between kernel and user programs.
+lib_SRC  = lib/debug.c			# Debug code.
+lib_SRC += lib/random.c			# Pseudo-random numbers.
+lib_SRC += lib/stdio.c			# I/O library.
+lib_SRC += lib/stdlib.c			# Utility functions.
+lib_SRC += lib/string.c			# String functions.
+lib_SRC += lib/arithmetic.c
+
+# User level only library code.
+lib/user_SRC  = lib/user/debug.c	# Debug helpers.
+lib/user_SRC += lib/user/syscall.c	# System calls.
+lib/user_SRC += lib/user/console.c	# Console code.
+
+LIB_OBJ = $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(patsubst %.S,%.o,$(lib_SRC) $(lib/user_SRC)))
+LIB_DEP = $(patsubst %.o,%.d,$(LIB_OBJ))
+LIB = lib/user/entry.o libc.a
+
+PROGS_SRC = $(foreach prog,$(PROGS),$($(prog)_SRC))
+PROGS_OBJ = $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(patsubst %.S,%.o,$(PROGS_SRC)))
+PROGS_DEP = $(patsubst %.o,%.d,$(PROGS_OBJ))
+
+all: $(PROGS)
+
+define TEMPLATE
+$(1)_OBJ = $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(patsubst %.S,%.o,$($(1)_SRC)))
+$(1): $$($(1)_OBJ) $$(LIB) $$(LDSCRIPT)
+	$$(CC) $$(CFLAGS) $$(LDFLAGS) $$($(1)_OBJ) $$(LIB) -o $$@
+endef
+
+$(foreach prog,$(PROGS),$(eval $(call TEMPLATE,$(prog))))
+
+libc.a: $(LIB_OBJ)
+	rm -f $@
+	ar r $@ $^
+	ranlib $@
+
+clean::
+	rm -f $(PROGS) $(PROGS_OBJ) $(PROGS_DEP)
+	rm -f $(LIB_DEP) $(LIB_OBJ) lib/user/entry.[do] libc.a 
+
+.PHONY: all clean
+
+-include $(LIB_DEP) $(PROGS_DEP)