[humble] rosbag2_storage: expose default storage ID as method (backport #1146)

[mergify]

Signed-off-by: James Smith [email protected]

Fixes #1116

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This is an automatic backport of pull request #1146 done by Mergify.

[mergify]

Cherry-pick of c611a80 has failed:

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Changes to be committed:
	modified:   rosbag2_py/src/rosbag2_py/_writer.cpp
	modified:   rosbag2_storage/CMakeLists.txt
	new file:   rosbag2_storage/include/rosbag2_storage/default_storage_id.hpp
	new file:   rosbag2_storage/src/rosbag2_storage/default_storage_id.cpp

Unmerged paths:
  (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
	both modified:   ros2bag/ros2bag/verb/record.py
	both modified:   rosbag2_cpp/src/rosbag2_cpp/writer.cpp
	both modified:   rosbag2_py/rosbag2_py/__init__.py

To fix up this pull request, you can check it out locally. See documentation: https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/reviewing-changes-in-pull-requests/checking-out-pull-requests-locally

[MichaelOrlov]

Pulls: #1724
Gist: https://gist.githubusercontent.com/MichaelOrlov/39b07ce00d026b2aaa4c9c81e5ba06fe/raw/bb4e53fe668a44ccec3fab3b6879fca70c91f335/ros2.repos
BUILD args: --packages-above-and-dependencies ros2bag rosbag2_cpp rosbag2_py rosbag2_storage
TEST args: --packages-above ros2bag rosbag2_cpp rosbag2_py rosbag2_storage
ROS Distro: humble
Job: ci_launcher
ci_launcher ran: https://ci.ros2.org/job/ci_launcher/14112

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