Run clippy checks in CI

.github/workflows/rust.yml

@@ -41,6 +41,22 @@ jobs:
 
     - run: cargo test --all
 
+  clippy:
+    name: Clippy
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Update rust
+      run: |
+        # use beta since it gives us near-latest fixes but isn't as volatile as nightly
+        rustup default beta
+        rustup component add clippy
+        rustup update --no-self-update
+
+    - run: cargo clippy --all
+
   msrv:
     name: Check building with the MSRV
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
@@ -59,6 +75,7 @@ jobs:
     needs:
       - test
       - msrv
+      - clippy
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     # GitHub branch protection is exceedingly silly and treats "jobs skipped because a dependency
     # failed" as success. So we have to do some contortions to ensure the job fails if any of its